Matthew Schuster

Matthäus Schuster , also Mattheus, (born April 12, 1881 in Fürstenfeldbruck , † May 31, 1953 in Munich ) was a German geologist. He was Senior Mining Director at the Bavarian Mining Authority in Munich.

Life

He attended industrial school and studied chemistry and descriptive natural sciences (especially mineralogy and petrography with Konrad Oebbeke and Maximilian Weber ) at the University and TH Munich from 1901 to 1904 . After the state examination in natural sciences, he joined the Bavarian Mining Authority (Geological Department, headed by Ludwig von Ammon ) in Munich in 1904 as an assistant . At that time they were looking for a petrography specialist (examination and production of thin sections) and he worked on rocks from the Nördlinger Ries and Togo and for Otto Maria Reis (his teacher in geological mapping) igneous rocks from the Palatinate, which became his first main area of ​​work and the subject of his dissertation. Later (from the 1930s) he turned away from it completely and even became an opponent of thin section examinations. Like Edwin Hennig and R. Löffler, he was of the opinion that the Ries was created by a volcanic eruption (water vapor explosion through inclusions of water from melted granite). In 1907 he received his doctorate with distinction at the TH Munich under Oebbeke (contributions to the microscopic knowledge of the basic igneous rocks from the Bavarian Rhine Palatinate) and in 1908 royal geologist. In 1921 he became state geologist, in 1924 Oberbergrat and in 1929 senior government councilor and official director of the geological state investigation in the Bavarian Upper Mining Office or its successor from 1939, the Munich branch of the Reich Office for Soil Research. He resigned in October 1944. He retired in March 1945.

He particularly distinguished himself through mapping in the Lower Franconian Triassic. He continued the Geognostic Map 1: 100,000 of Bavaria begun by Carl Wilhelm von Gümbel (sheet Uffenheim , Würzburg-West with Reis, Kitzingen with H. Nathan, Neustadt an der Saale, Oberlauringen, Eßfeld). In the 1930s he published an extensive series of treatises on the structure of the red sandstone in Lower Franconia. He himself was an excellent draftsman (which he still learned at industrial school) and placed great value on it among his geologists (using unsharpened pencils for geological surveys is said to have been enough to mess with him in the long run). In 1954 he published a book on technical drawing for geologists. In addition to the Triassic, he also dealt with Quaternary geology e.g. B. the main triangle.

In 1919 he qualified as a professor (The geological conditions of the southern Rhön between the Büchelberg and the Saale = explanations on the Hammelburg-Nord sheet of the geological map of Bavaria 1: 25,000), became a private lecturer at the Technical University of Munich and in 1928 he received the title of associate professor.

He mapped the geological maps 1: 25,000 Hammelburg north and south, Ebenhausen (with rice), Euerdorf (with rice), Schönderling (with rice), Motten-Wildflecken, Graefendorf, Neustadt an der Saale.

Fonts

• The geological conditions of the southern Rhön between the Büchelberg and the Saale . Habilitation thesis Chem. Dept. Techn. University of Munich, 88 p., Munich 1921.
• Explanations of the geological map of Bavaria 1:25 000, sheet Hammelburg-Nord No. 65 . Bayer. Oberbergamt, 104 pp., Munich 1921.
• Explanations of the geological map of Bavaria 1:25 000, sheet Motten-Wildflecken No. 9/10 . Bayer. Oberbergamt, 78 p., Munich 1924.
• Explanations of the geological map of Bavaria 1:25 000, sheet Gräfendorf No. 64 . Bayer. Oberbergamt, 86 p., Munich 1925.
• The geological structure of the Franconian Gäus between Ochsenfurt and Uffenheim and the adjoining Keupersteilrand . 96 p., Munich 1926.
• The structure of the Lower Franconian Buntsandstein. I. The lower and middle red sandstone . Dep. Geol. Landesunters. Bayer. Oberbergamt, 7, 62 p., Munich 1932.
• The structure of the Lower Franconian Buntsandstein. II. The Upper Buntsandstein or the Red. a. The boundary layers between the Middle and Upper Buntsandstein . Dep. Geol. Landesunters. Bayer. Oberbergamt, 9, 58 p., Munich 1933.
• The structure of the Lower Franconian Buntsandstein. II. The Upper Buntsandstein or the Red. b. The lower red or the step of the slab sandstone . Dep. Geol. Landesunters. Bayer. Oberbergamt, 15, 64 p., Munich 1934.
• The structure of the Lower Franconian Buntsandstein. II. The Upper Buntsandstein or the Red. c. The upper red or the level of the red tone (1. The lower red tone and the red quartzite) . Dep. Geol. Landesunters. Bayer. Oberbergamt, 22, 67 p., Munich 1935.
• The structure of the Lower Franconian Buntsandstein. II. The Upper Buntsandstein or the Red. c. The upper red or the level of the red tone (2. The upper red tone with the myophoria layers) . Dep. Geol. Landesunters. Bayer. Oberbergamt, 23, 53 p., Munich 1936.
• The geographical and geological block diagram . Berlin 1954.
• Editor and co-author: Outline of the geology of Bavaria rd Rhön and the adjoining southern German, Tyrolean and Swiss areas in 6 sections . Munich 1929.
• Geological overview map of Bavaria rd Rhön 1: 250,000 .

literature

• Obituary by Hans Nathan in Geologica Bavarica, Volume 25, 1956, pp. VI-XIII, with list of publications