Maurice Gross

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Maurice Gross

Maurice Gross (born July 21, 1934 in Sedan , Ardennes department , † December 8, 2001 in Paris ) was a French linguist and Romance scholar .

life and work

Gross worked on automatic translation at the École polytechnique without any previous linguistic training and therefore went to Noam Chomsky (→ Generative Grammar ) as a scholarship holder at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1961 . Back in France, he did research as a computer scientist at the Center national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS). In 1964 he went to the United States for a second time, this time to the University of Pennsylvania to Zellig S. Harris , with whom he worked for two years and whom he regarded from then on as his linguistic foster father.

In 1967 he received his doctorate at the Sorbonne with the thesis Analysis formelle comparée des complétives en français et en anglais and went as a lecturer at the University of Aix-en-Provence , where he worked with Jean Stéfanini . In 1969 he completed his habilitation at the University of Paris with the thesis Lexique des constructions complétives and became professor at the new University of Vincennes , then at the University of Paris VII.

In 1968 he founded the Laboratoire d'Automatique Documentaire et Linguistique (LADL, in the CNRS) and in 1977 the journal Lingvisticae Investigationes .

At the age of 67, Maurice Gross died of cancer .

reception

Gross' computer-aided research on large quantities of language material results in the image of language as an instrument that is more idiomatically solidified than freely manipulable and corresponds to the statement by John McHardy Sinclair (1933–2007) about the predominance of the idiom principle ( phraseology ) over the open- Choice principle (free combinatorics). Gross described the language as a Lexique-Grammaire, as a grammar whose formalizability fails because it is tied to the vocabulary. If you want to describe language completely, you have to collect huge amounts of coded combinations.

Fonts (selection)

As an author

Essays
  • On the failure of generative grammar . In: Language. Journal of the Linguistic Society of America , Vol. 55 (1979), No. 4, pp. 859-885, ISSN  0097-8507 .
  • Les phrases figées en français . In: L'information grammaticale , Vol. 59 (1993), pp. 36-41, ISSN  0222-9838 .
  • Etat du lexique-grammaire du français et perspectives d'extension . In: Sylvain Auroux et al. (Ed.): History of the Language Sciences, Vol. 3 . De Gruyter, Berlin 2006, pp. 2122-2129, ISBN 978-3-11-016736-8 .
Monographs
  • Methodes en syntaxe. Régime des constructions complétives . Hermann, Paris 1975, ISBN 2-7056-1365-X (also habilitation thesis, Aix 1969).
  • Grammaire transformationnelle du français . Cantilène, Malakoff 1986ff.
  1. Syntax you verb . 1986, ISBN 2-86973-000-4 (EA Paris 1968).
  2. Syntaxes du nom . 1986, ISBN 2-86973-001-2 (EA Paris 1977).
  3. Syntaxes de l'adverbe . 1990, ISBN 2-908708-00-0 .
  • Mathematical linguistics. An introduction (Notions sur les grammaires formelles, 1967). Springer, Heidelberg 1971, ISBN 3-540-05201-1 (together with André Lentin)
  • Mathematical models in linguistics . Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs 1972.

As editor

  • Syntaxe transformationnelle du français (Langue Française; Vol. 11). Larousse, Paris 1971 (with Jean Stéfanini).
  • Méthodes en grammaire française (Initiation à la Linguistique / B; Vol. 6). Klincksieck, Paris 1976 (together with Jean-Claude Chevalier).
  • Études de syntaxe française (Langue Française; vol. 39). Larousse, Paris 1978 (with Christian Leclère)
  • Grammaire et histoire de la grammaire. Homage à la mémoire de Jean Stéfanini . University, Aix-en-Provence 1988, ISBN 2-85399-200-4 (together with Claire Blanche-Benveniste and André Chervel).

literature

  • Christian Leclère (Ed.): Syntax, lexis and lexicon-grammar. Papers in honor of Maurice Gross (Lingvisticae Investigationes. Supplementa; Vol. 24). John Benjamin Publ., Amsterdam 2004, ISBN 90-272-3134-6 .
  • Maria Teresa Biason (Ed.): Expressions libres, expressions figées. Homage to Maurice Gross. Journée d'études du 15 May 2002 . Cafoscarina, Venice 2007, ISBN 978-88-7543-192-1 .
  • Amr Helmy Ibrahim :, Maurice Gross. In: Hermès. Cognition, Communication, Politique , Vol. 34 (2002), pp. 227-231, ISSN  0767-9513 .
  • Béatrice Lamiroy: Maurice Gross. In: Travaux de linguistique , Vol. 46 (2003), pp. 145-158, ISSN  0082-6049 .
  • Mireille Piot: Le LADL, Maurice Gross et l'entreprise du «lexique-grammaire». La première grammaire lexicale en France et dans le monde . In: Journal for French Language and Literature , Vol. 113 (2003), pp. 151ff. ISSN  0044-2747 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ This work was published under the title Méthodes en syntaxe 1975.
  2. ↑ Further translations exist in English, Japanese, Russian and Spanish
  3. ^ Parallel title: Lexique, Syntaxe et lexique-grammaire. Mélanges Maurice Gross .

-

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Gross, Maurice
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French linguist and Romanist
DATE OF BIRTH July 21, 1934
PLACE OF BIRTH Sedan
DATE OF DEATH December 8, 2001
Place of death Paris