Maximilian von Heine

Maximilian Heine in Russian uniform

Maximilian von Heine (* 1805 or 1807 as Maximilian Heine in Düsseldorf ; † November 6, 1879 in Berlin ) was a German military doctor and a state councilor in the Russian service. His oldest brother was the poet Heinrich Heine .

Life

Max, as he was called in his family , was born as the youngest of four children of the cloth merchant Samson Heine and his wife Betty (actually Peira) , née van Geldern. His upbringing took place in the spirit of the Haskala , the Jewish Enlightenment, whose goals included the emancipation of the Jews and their extensive assimilation .

Maximilian Heine studied at the Humboldt University in Berlin and at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich and received his doctorate in medicine in 1829 . In the same year he entered the service of the Imperial Russian Army as a surgeon and took part in General Diebitsch's Balkan campaign as part of the Russo-Turkish War . Four years later he published his memories of that war. Another deployment as a military doctor took place in 1832 during the suppression of the Polish uprising by the Russian army.

He then returned to Russia and took over the position of chief physician at a military school in Saint Petersburg . After leaving the army, he was ennobled and appointed to the state council. From 1844 to 1860, Maximilian Heine edited the German-language “Medicinische Zeitung Russlands” (Medicinal Newspaper of Russia) in Saint Petersburg together with Rudolph Krebel and Karl Heinrich Thielmann .

Maximilian Heine maintained a close, friendly relationship with his brother Heinrich, whom he visited several times in his exile in Paris . After Heinrich's death, Max wrote a biography of his brother, which, according to his own testimony, he had expressly asked him to do.

See also

• Heine (family)

Works (selection)

• Pictures from Turkey. Sketched from my own perspective by Maximilian Heine , Verlag von J. Brieff, St. Petersburg 1833 (digitized version )
• Gretsch . A biographical sketch. Translated from the Russian by Dr. Maximilian Heine . Karl Kray, St. Petersburg 1838 (digitized bsb)
• Medicinal topographical sketch of St. Petersburg . Kurth, St. Petersburg 1844 (digitized bsb)
• Contributions to the history of the oriental plague . Eggers, St. Petersburg 1846 (digitized bsb)
• Medicinal history from Russia . Eggers, St. Petersburg 1851 (digitized archive.org) (digitized bsb)
• Memories of Heinrich Heine and his family. From his brother Maximilian Heine . F. Dümmler, Berlin 1868 (digitized archive.org) (digitized bsb)

Articles in: Medicinal newspaper of Russia (selection)

• 1st year (1844)
  • The military-medicinal entity in Russia. Pp. 25–32 (digitized version )
  • Medicinal topographical sketch of St. Petersburg . Pp. 105-111 (digitized version ) ; Pp. 113-118 (digitized version ) ; Pp. 121-125 (digitized version ) ; Pp. 129–131 (digitized version )
• 2nd year (1845)
  • The Plague of Reval in 1710 . P. 293–294 (digitized version )
• 3rd year (1846)
  • The newly established medical faculty of the University of Moscow . Pp. 116–118 (digitized version )
  • The judgment of the Paris Academy of Medicine on the Oriental Plague . P. 129–132 (digitized version )
  • The Odessa plague in 1837 . Pp. 137-140 (digitized version ) ; Pp. 145-151 (digitized version ) ; Pp. 153-158 (digitized version ) ; Pp. 161–165 (digitized version )
  • Something about the plague in Turkey. According to my own observations . Pp. 169–174 (digitized version )
  • Chronological overview of the most famous plague epidemics . P. 181–183 (digitized version )
  • Results of the quarantine institutions built by Turkey . P. 375–376 (digitized version )
  • Pyromania . Pp. 407–408 (digitized version )
• 4th year (1847)
  • Medicinal-historical fragments I– IX: pp. 6–7 (I) (digitized version) ; Pp. 29-31 (II) (digitized version) ; Pp. 45-47 (III) (digitized version) ; Pp. 54-56 (IV) (digitized version) ; Pp. 77-79 (V) (digitized version) ; Pp. 94-96 (VI) (digitized version) ; Pp. 126-128 (VII) (digitized version) ; Pp. 142-144 (VIII) (digitized version) ; P. 173–176 (digitized version ) , P. 182–184 (digitized version ) , p. 191 (digitized version) (IX)
  • The Archiatrists of Russia . Pp. 212-216 (digitized version ) ; Pp. 229-232 (digitized version ) ; Pp. 238–239 (digitized version )
• 7th year (1850)
  • On the history of the Imperial Medical and Surgical Academy in St. Petersburg . Pp. 349-352 (digitized version ) ; Pp. 357-360 (digitized version ) ; P. 364–368 (digitized version )
• 8th year (1851)
  • A contribution to the appreciation of surgery in Russia and France . Pp. 113–122 (digitized version )
• 9th year (1852)
  • The cholera epidemic in the Kingdom of Poland in 1852 . P. 353–358 [(digitized version)]
  • The state of illness among the Imperial Russian troops of the active army, from November 1, 1850 to November 1, 1851 . P. 377–381 (digitized version )
  • From a doctor's travel letter . P. 401–403 (Auf dem Meere) (digitized version) Continued in the 10th year
• 10th year (1853)
  • From a doctor's travel letter . Pp. 1–3 (Hamburg) (digitized version) ; Pp. 9-12 (Berlin) (digitized version) ; Pp. 17-20 (Brussels) (digitized version) ; Pp. 25-29 (Paris) (digitized version) ; Pp. 33-37 (Paris) (digitized version) ; Pp. 41–45 (Paris) (digitized version)
• 12th year (1855)
  • The most famous doctors of Russia under the government of Empress Catharina II . Pp. 293-294 (digitized version ) ; Pp. 300-302 (digitized version ) ; Pp. 309-311 (digitized version ) ; Pp. 317-319 (digitized version ) ; Pp. 324-326 (digitized version ) ; Pp. 332–333 (digitized version )
  • Medicinal notes from the area of ​​the Danube . Pp. 337-340 (digitized version ) ; P. 345–347 (digitized version )

literature

• Ernst Julius Gurlt : Maximilian Heine . In: Ernst Julius Gurlt and August Hirsch (eds.). Biographical lexicon of the outstanding doctors of all times and peoples. Volume III, Urban & Schwarzenberg, Vienna and Leipzig 1886, p. 126 (digitized version)
• August Hirsch (ed.), Second edition reviewed and supplemented by Wilhelm Haberling , Franz Hübotter and Hermann Vierordt: Biographical lexicon of outstanding doctors of all times and nations . 2nd edition, Volume 3, Urban & Schwarzenberg, Berlin [et al.] 1931, p. 135
• Isidore Singer and Frederick T. Haneman: Heine, Maximilian. In: Isidore Singer (ed.): The Jewish Encyclopedia . Volume 6, Funk & Wagnalls, New York [et al.] 1904, p. 330 f. (Digitized version)
• Salomon Wininger: Great Jewish National Biography . Volume 3, Orient [ua], Cernãuţi 1928, p. 36
• Lexicon of German-Jewish authors . Volume 11: Hein – Hirs. Edited by the Bibliographia Judaica archive. Saur, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-598-22691-8 , pp. 9-16
• Frank Stelzner: Dr. med. Maximilian von Heine (1806 to 1879). A doctor between Germany and Russia . Diss. Leipzig 2004
• Rudolf Vierhaus (Hg): German Biographical Encyclopedia . 2nd edition, Volume 4, Saur, Munich 2006, p. 592, ISBN 978-3-598-25034-7

Web links

• Works by and about Maximilian von Heine  in the German Digital Library

Individual evidence

1. ^ "Medicinische Zeitung Russlands", Petersburg, 1st year 1844 (digitized version) to 17th year 1860 (digitized version)
2. ^ Supplement to a letter from Heinrich Heine to Gustav Kolb , August 3, 1852 (digitized version)
3. ↑ Maximilian Heine: Memories of Heinrich Heine and his family , Berlin 1868, p. VII