Media philosophy

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The term media philosophy stands for a philosophical examination of media-practical and media-theoretical issues. Its genuinely philosophical approach distinguishes media philosophy from media theory , with which it has similarities due to its cultural-scientific approach. The emergence of media philosophy is related to developments that have been evident since the mid-twentieth century in an increased interest in the cultural and political aspects of various information processing technologies , communication theories and media practices (including audiovisual and digital).

term

In the German-speaking world, “Medienphilosophie” appeared explicitly as a book title for the first time in the early 1990s (Fietz, 1992). In the same year, Jürgen Habermas used the word subminologically in his book facticity and validity . Two years later, a hypertextually designed “anti-book” appears in the English-speaking world , in which the term media philosophy appears in the title (Taylor / Saarinen, 1994). The historical spelling and pragmatic and theoretical implementation of media philosophy as a new academic discipline both within media and cultural studies and within academic philosophy takes place at the beginning of the 21st century. The works of Frank Hartmann (Hartmann, 2000), Mike Sandbothe (Sandbothe, 2001; 2005) and Matthias Vogel (Vogel, 2001) are pioneering, although the latter is reluctant to use the term media philosophy explicitly.

Further representatives of the media philosophy are Norbert Bolz , Rafael Capurro , Lorenz Engell , Erich Hörl , Werner Konitzer , Sybille Krämer , Reinhard Margreiter , Dieter Mersch , Stefan Münker , Alexander Roesler , Oswald Schwemmer , Georg Christoph Tholen , Christiane Voss , Lambert Wiesing and others.

Well-known pioneers of systematic reflection on media in Europe were, among others, Walter Benjamin ( cf. “ The work of art in the age of its technical reproducibility ”), Siegfried Kracauer (especially as a film theorist ), Günther Anders ( The antiquity of man ), Vilém Flusser ( Communicology ), Jürgen Habermas ( structural change of the public , theory of communicative action ) and Jacques Derrida ( grammatology ); From the late 1960s onwards, Bertolt Brecht had a great influence with his radio theory , without which, for example, Hans Magnus Enzensberger's “ Construction Kit for a Theory of Media ” (1970) would have been inconceivable.

schools

Fundamentally, several schools can be distinguished with regard to the understanding of the term. Some start with theoretical problems, such as the debate about realism vs. Constructivism or basic questions of the type “What is a medium?”; for others, media philosophy is an examination of the epistemological foundations of media studies. Another school of media philosophy is primarily oriented towards the moral-practical optimization of democratic communication. This cultural-political orientation acts as a central criterion with which theoretical questions are checked for their practical relevance (see pragmatism ).

The debate runs right through the schools of media philosophy as to whether and how the new discipline should be classified academically or transacademically and culturally. Some representatives see a further sub-discipline of philosophy in the media philosophy (such as: philosophy of history , cultural philosophy , aesthetics , logic , metaphysics , natural philosophy , political philosophy , legal philosophy , philosophy of language , philosophy of technology , philosophy of science , feminist philosophy ), some see a new "great" in it philosophia ", a new fundamental philosophical discipline, others place it more in the media and cultural sciences , and some see it as a bridging discipline that connects the different subject areas with one another in a new way. In addition, there are voices that point out in a practice-oriented manner that media philosophy is “an event, possibly a practice, and indeed one of the media. It does not wait for the philosopher to be written. It has always been happening, both in and through the media. "

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jürgen Habermas: facticity and validity , Frankfurt am Main 1992, p. 458, note 69
  2. ↑ Stavros Arabatzis: Media Philosophy. The surpassing of the philosophical and aesthetic paradigm . In: Peter Engelmann together with Michael Franz and Daniel Weidner (ed.): Weimarer contributions. Journal for literary studies, aesthetics and cultural studies . Issue 4/2018, volume 64, No. 4 . Passagen Verlag, 2018, ISSN  0043-2199 .
  3. ↑ Lorenz Engell: “Touch, choose, think. Genesis and function of a philosophical apparatus ”, in: Stefan Münker u. a. (Ed.): Media Philosophy. Contributions to the clarification of a term. Frankfurt am Main 2003

literature

  • Stavros Arabatzis: Media Domination, Media Resistance and Media Anarchy. Media archeology and its new uses. Wiesbaden: Springer VS 2017, ISBN 978-3-658-15878-1
  • Rafael Capurro: Life in the Information Age , Academy, Berlin 1995.
  • Lorenz Engell u. a. (Ed.): Kursbuch Medienkultur. The authoritative theories from Brecht to Baudrillard. DVA, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-421-05310-3 .
  • Lorenz Engell, Frank Hartmann, Christiane Voss (Hg): Body of Thought. New positions in media philosophy , Munich: Fink 2013.
  • Jürgen Habermas: factuality and validity. Contributions to the discourse theory of law and the democratic constitutional state , Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt a. M. 1992, ISBN 3-518-58127-9 .
  • Frank Hartmann : Media Philosophy . WUV, Vienna 2000, ISBN 3-85114-468-6 .
  • Werner Konitzer: Media Philosophy . Fink, Munich 2006 ISBN 3-7705-4286-X .
  • Reinhard Margreiter: Media Philosophy: An Introduction . Parerga Verlag, Berlin, 2007 ISBN 3937262520
  • Stefan Münker , Alexander Roesler and Mike Sandbothe : Media Philosophy. Contributions to clarifying a term . S. Fischer, Frankfurt a. M. 2003
  • Dieter Mersch, Michael Mayer: International Yearbook for Media Philosophy , Vol. 1: Cuts: On the Genesis and Validity of Media Philosophical Reflections , Berlin: de Gruyter 2015.
  • Mike Sandbothe : Pragmatic Media Philosophy. Foundation of a new discipline in the age of the Internet Velbrück Wissenschaft, Weilerswist 2001, ISBN 3934730396 .
  • Mike Sandbothe and Ludwig Nagl (eds.): Systematic media philosophy . German magazine for philosophy, special volume 7, Akademie Verlag: Berlin, 2005, ISBN 3-05-003846-2 (contains articles by, among others, Peter Janich , Dieter Mersch , Lambert Wiesing, Sybille Krämer , Lorenz Engell , Alexander Roesler, Stefan Münker , Stanley Cavell and Mark Poster).
  • Gerhard Schweppenhäuser : Handbook of media philosophy . Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 2018, ISBN 9783534269402 .
  • Walter Seitter : Physics of the media. Materials, apparatus, presentations . VDG Geisteswissenschaften, Weimar 2002, ISBN 3-89739-301-8
  • Dieter Teichert : Media philosophy of the theater ; in: L. Nagl, M. Sandbothe (eds.): Systematic Media Philosophy; Berlin, Akademie Verlag, 2005, 199–217.

Research reports

  • Christian Filk / Sven Grampp / Kay Kirchmann: What is media philosophy and who might need it more urgently: philosophy or media studies? A critical research paper. In: Allgemeine Zeitschrift für Philosophie , Vol. 29/1, 2004, pp. 39–65.
  • Frank Hartmann: Philosophy and the media. In: Information Philosophy , 1/1991, pp. 17–28.
  • Dieter Mersch: Technological priority and deficit in justification. Media philosophy between an unfulfilled claim and a new theoretical foundation. In: Philosophische Rundschau , 50/3, 2003, pp. 193–219.
  • Ulrike Ramming: 'Media Philosophy' - A Report. In: Dialectic. Zeitschrift für Kulturphilosophie , 2001/1, pp. 153–170.
  • Lambert Wiesing: What is media philosophy? In: Information Philosophie , 3/2008, pp. 30–38.

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