Titjay
| Titjay | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Great Jay ( Perisoreus canadensis ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Perisoreus canadensis | ||||||||||||
| ( Linnaeus , 1766) |
The Gray Jay ( Perisoreus canadensis ) is a songbird from the family of corvids (Corvidae). The species inhabits the boreomontane coniferous forests of northern North America with numerous subspecies . Like the other two species of the genus, it creates food stores and lives in fixed territories all year round .
description
Titjays are long-tailed jays with downy plumage and a short beak, without a hood. The animals have a body length of about 29 cm. The back, upper wings and the top of the tail are dark gray. The tips and the outer flags of wings, umbrella feathers and wing coverts are lined with whitish to light bluish hues, depending on the subspecies, the control feathers have narrow whitish end hems. The underside of the trunk is monochrome whitish or bluish gray. Depending on the subspecies, a dark gray head drawing is limited to the neck or extends to the middle skull and to the upper edge of the eyes, the rest of the head is white. The bill and legs are black. In all subspecies, birds in juvenile dress are almost monochromatic ash gray with only an indistinct white streak of beard.
distribution
The blue jay is widespread from northern Alaska to the east to Newfoundland and Labrador and south to northern California , Idaho , Utah , central-eastern Arizona , northern New Mexico , central Colorado and the southwest of South Dakota . He lives year-round in northern Minnesota, northern Wisconsin , northern Michigan , northern New York , and northern New England . It sometimes migrates to areas north of its breeding area. In winter it moves irregularly to northwestern Nebraska, central Minnesota, southeastern Wisconsin, central Michigan, southern Pennsylvania, central New York, Connecticut and Massachusetts.
Systematics and research history
The titmouse jay forms together with the bad luck jay ( P. infaustus ) and the Sichuan jay ( P. internigrans ) the holarctic common genus Perisoreus . A total of eleven subspecies are recognized.
| subspecies | Initial description | description | distribution | image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| P. canadensis albescens | Peters , 1920 | Northeast British Columbia and Northwest Alberta; east of the Rocky Mountains south to South Dakota |
|
|
| P. canadensis arcus | Miller | Rainbow Mountains , the upper reaches of the Dean and Bella Coola Rivers in the central Coast Mountains of British Columbia | ||
| P. canadensis barbouri | Brooks | Anticosti , Quebec | ||
| P. canadensis bicolor | Miller, 1933 | Southeast British Columbia, Southwest Alberta, Northeast Washington, Northeast Oregon, North and Central Idaho, and West Montana | ||
| P. canadensis canadensis | Linnaeus , 1766 | Nominate form | Breeds from northern British Columbia eastwards to Prince Edward Island , the southern brood distribution extends to northern New England , northern Wisconsin, northern Minnesota and northern Michigan. The winter quarters extend south to Ontario and Massachusetts |
|
| P. canadensis capitalis | Baird , 1874 | Southern Rocky Mountains; From East Idaho, Central Montana, West and South Wyoming southwards through East Utah, West and Central Colorado to eastern Arizona and northern New Mexico |
|
|
| P. canadensis griseus | Ridgway | Southwestern British Columbia and Vancouver Island south to northern California | ||
| P. canadensis nigricapillus | Ridgway | North Quebec, South West Quebec, Labrador | ||
| P. canadensis obscurus | Ridgway, 1874 | Along the coast from Washington via Oregon to Northwest California |
|
|
| P. canadensis pacificus | Gmelin , 1788 | Distribution area extends eastward from northern Alaska over the northwestern Yukon to the northwestern Mackenzie area and extends south to 60 ° N. | ||
| P. canadensis sanfordi | Oberholser | Newfoundland and Nova Scotia |
swell
literature
- JL Dunn and J. Alderfer (Eds.): Field guide to the birds of North America. 5th Edition, National Geographic Society, 2008, ISBN 978-0-7922-5314-3 : pp. 320-321.
Web links
- Perisoreus canadensis inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010.4. Listed by: BirdLife International, 2009. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
- Elena D. Ulev: Perisoreus canadensis. In: Fire Effects Information System , www.fs.fed.us/database/feis. US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory, Jan. 16, 2007. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
Individual evidence
- ^ Dunn & Alderfer 2008
- ↑ American Ornithologists' Union. 1957. Checklist of North American birds. 5th ed. Baltimore, MD: The Lord Baltimore Press, Inc
- ↑ Strickland, Dan; Ouellet, Henri. 1993. Gray jay. In: Poole, A .; Stettenheim, P .; Gill, F., eds. Birds of North America, No. 40. Philadelphia, PA: The Academy of Natural Sciences; Washington, DC: The American Ornithologists' Union.
- ↑ a b Ulev 2007