Michael Dine

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Michael Dine (born August 12, 1953 in Cincinnati , Ohio ) is an American theoretical physicist who deals with elementary particle physics beyond the Standard Model and in particular with supersymmetry and string theory.

Life

Dine graduated from Johns Hopkins University with a bachelor's degree in 1974 and received her PhD from Yale University in 1978 . He then carried out research at SLAC , was for a long time at the Institute for Advanced Study and Henry Semat Professor at the City College of New York . He is currently Professor at the Santa Cruz Institute of Particle Physics (SCIPP) at the University of California, Santa Cruz .

Dine was a Guggenheim Fellow and a Sloan Research Fellow . He is a Fellow of the American Physical Society , which awarded him its 2018 Sakurai Prize . In 2010 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and in 2019 to the National Academy of Sciences .

plant

Dine dealt with the phenomenology (experimentally testable models for low energies) of supersymmetric extensions of the standard model and the superstring theory. In particular, mechanisms for breaking the supersymmetry not observed in nature are to be developed. Dine investigated the first field theory models with dynamic breaking of supersymmetry (DSB) in the 1980s , partly with Ian Affleck and Nathan Seiberg . In 1981, together with Willy Fischler and Mark Srednicki , he developed gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking through gauge bosons and their super partners from a hidden sector, in order to develop supersymmetrical technicolor theories. He examined realistic models for dynamic breaking of supersymmetry in general (and in a special model) with Affleck and Seiberg in 1985 and developed new models for (gauge mediated) DSB in 1995 with Ann Nelson, Yuri Shirman, Yosef Nir.

With Fischler and Srednicki he developed the Invisible Axion model. He also later pursued this theory and its cosmological effects (the Axion is a candidate for dark matter ). To explain the matter-antimatter imbalance in the universe, he and Ian Affleck proposed the Affleck-Dine mechanism . In a supersymmetric theory, the scalar partners of the fermions (bearing the baron and lepton number) interact in a way that violates the baryon number with the scalar cosmological inflaton field. The mechanism also provides candidates for dark matter (fluctuation of the scalar quark partner fields, Q-balls ).

With Ryan Rohm, Nathan Seiberg and Edward Witten he investigated gluino condensation in string theory, with Witten and Seiberg the role of the Fayet-Iliopoulos D term and with XG Wen, Seiberg and Witten non-perturbation-theoretical effects (instantons) on the world surface (Worldsheet) the strings.

He also worked extensively on applications of superstring theory in cosmology.

Fonts (selection)

  • Supersymmetry and String Theory- Beyond the Standard Model , Cambridge University Press 2007, 2nd edition 2015
  • Supersymmetry phenomenology (with a broad brush) , 1996, Arxiv
  • Editor: String theory in four dimensions , Volume 1, North Holland, 1988 (reprint collection)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ian Affleck, Dine, Nathan Seiberg Dynamical supersymmetry breaking in supersymmetric QCD , Nucl. Phys. B, Volume 241, 1984, pp. 493-534. The same Dynamical supersymmetry breaking in chiral theories , Phys. Letters B, Volume 137, 1984, p. 187
  2. ↑ Dine, Fischler, Srednicki Nuclear Physics B, Volume 189, 1981, p. 575, Dine, Fischler Physics Letters B, Volume 110, 1982, p. 227, Dine, Srednicki Nucl. Phys. B, volume 202, 1982, p. 238. Also independent from Savas Dimopoulos , Stuart Raby Nucl. Phys., Vol. 192, 1981, p. 353, Edward Witten Dynamical Breaking of Supersymmetry , Nucl. Phys. B, Volume 188, 1981, p. 513. See Giudice, Rattazzi: Theories with gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking , Physics Reports Volume 322, 1999, arxiv : hep-ph / 9801271
  3. ↑ Affleck, Dine, Seiberg: Dynamical supersymmetry breaking in four dimensions and its phenomenological implications , Nucl. Phys. B, Volume 256, 1985, p. 557, bibcode : 1985NuPhB.256..557A .
  4. ^ Dine, Nelson, Nir, Shirman: New tools for low energy dynamic supersymmetry breaking , Physical Review D, Volume 53, 1996, p. 2658, arxiv : hep-ph / 9507378 .
  5. ↑ Dine, Willy Fischler, Mark Srednicki A simple solution of the strong CP Problem with a harmless axion , Physics Letters B, Volume 104, 1981, p. 199, doi: 10.1016 / 0370-2693 (81) 90590-6 . Around the same time in Russia by Michail Schifman and colleagues.
  6. ↑ Dine, Affleck, Nuclear Physics B, Volume 249, 1985, p. 361. See Dine, Kusenko The origin of the matter-antimatter asymmetry , Rev. Mod.Phys ., Vol. 76, 2004. arxiv : hep-ph / 0303065 .
  7. ↑ Dine, Rohm, Seiberg, Witten Gluino condensation in superstring models , Physics Letters B, Volume 156, 1985, pp. 55-60
  8. ↑ Dine, Seiberg, Witten Fayet-Iliopoulos Terms in String Theory , Nucl. Phys. B, Vol. 289, 1987, p. 589
  9. ^ Dine, Seiberg, Wen, Witten Non perturbative effects on the string world sheet , Nucl. Phys. B, Vol. 278, 1986, p. 769, Part 2, Nucl. Phys. B, Vol. 289, 1987, p. 319
personal data
SURNAME Dine, Michael
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American physicist
DATE OF BIRTH August 12, 1953
PLACE OF BIRTH Cincinnati , Ohio