Minorite Church (Linz)
The Linzer Minoritenkirche , also known as the Landhauskirche , is one of the most interesting places of worship in the city of Linz . The rococo church with the title “Annunciation” is owned by the Upper Austrian provincial government , is a branch church of the city parish of Linz and is used by the priestly brotherhood of St. Peter , in whose hands the church rectorate lies.
Historical
The Linz Franciscan Monastery is the first settlement of the Franciscan Order ( fratres minores , "Friars Minor", Minorites ) in Upper Austria , which was founded in 1210. The brothers in Linz are documented for the first time in 1236. Monastic coexistence, exercise of pastoral care and a life in the spirit of its founder Francis of Assisi characterized the work of the order. For a long time the only monastery in Linz, it was a center of pastoral care for the city. Due to the Reformation and the ban on accepting novices , the number of religious fell sharply until Emperor Ferdinand I transferred the monastery - with the exception of the church and cloister - to the provinces of Upper Austria in 1562. In the years 1564 to 1571 the estates demolished the old convent buildings and built the country house that still exists today. The first major structural changes to the church building were made when the sacristy was illegally demolished in 1577.
Since 1602 the Jesuits , who had come to Linz for the purpose of the Counter Reformation , took over the services at the Minoritenkirche. In 1678 the church came back into Franciscan hands, namely to the Franciscan conventuals or Minorites. Two neighboring houses served as accommodation until the monastery was rebuilt in 1716 according to plans by Johann Michael Prunner .
The Linz Minorite Monastery was abolished in 1785 by Emperor Joseph II . The religious had to leave, the monastery building was used for government purposes. Today the provincial government of Upper Austria is in it. Since then the church has been a branch church of the city parish and has been used by the Society of St. Peter for their services since around 1990.
construction
The construction of a Gothic church should have started in 1278. The originally two-aisled Gothic Minorite Church was rebuilt from 1751 by the Linz painter and builder Johann Matthias Krinner and received its current appearance. The north side of the church is, as it was built in an east-west direction in the row of houses, the front side of the church. This is three-storey and richly structured and is crowned by a large roof area. Two portals lead into the interior of the church. The tower, which adjoins the presbytery to the east, was built in 1699 by Franz Michael Pruckmayr.
A completely new construction of the church according to plans by Johann Michael Prunner was not carried out despite the contract concluded in 1713 due to the economic situation. The last change was made after the town fire on August 15, 1800, when the tower received its current roof in place of the clapboard onion.
inner space
The interior of the Minoritenkirche in Linz presents itself to the viewer as a cheerful, elegant Rococo church. The choir in the east is divided by a triumphal arch and adjoins the nave with its six large niches in which the side altars are located. Under the organ gallery you will find the All Souls' Altar and the rear part of the pews from the 17th century, while the pews in the nave are from the 18th century. The vault is decorated with simple but elegant rocaille stucco. The coat of arms of the Minorite Order can be seen in a rocaille cartouche on the choir arch. Only the vault of the presbytery is more richly stuccoed and shows the eye of God, from which rays emanate, framed by angel heads and clouds. The four western church fathers can be seen in the vault spandrels - also made of stucco. The viewer gets the impression of a sacred ballroom when looking at this only rococo church in the city of Linz.
High altar
The mighty high altar, which occupies the entire eastern front of the presbytery, was made of stucco marble in 1756. Above the canteen of the altar is the tabernacle from 1895 with two adoring angels from the 18th century. The altarpiece above the tabernacle depicts the Annunciation and was created by the baroque painter Bartolomeo Altomonte . This work is a highlight of the Minorite Church. The extract of the altar shows a gilded group with God the Father, who is surrounded by angels. On both sides of the altarpiece, the parents of Mary, Joachim and Anna, can be seen on the inside, on the outside the two Minorite saints Ludwig von Toulouse and the doctor of the church Bonaventure . Two windows can be seen above their heads, which belong to the prayer choir of the Minorite Convent, which no longer exists today.
Side altars
The side altars of the Minorite Church are special because the altar and architecture seem to merge with them, due to the installation in the altar niches. They are also made of stucco marble and are considered to be the highlights of Rococo in Austria. Seen from the front on the Gospel page are: the cross altar, whose altar sheet (Kremser Schmidt) is made up of the statues of Our Lady of Sorrows and St. John the Evangelist is accompanied; the Mariahilf altar, which contains a copy of the miraculous image of Passau or Innsbruck, flanked by the saints Barbara and Apollonia; the Johannes von Nepomuk altar with the image of the saint as intercessor with God. The two saints Margaretha and Catherine of Alexandria assist the image of John of Nepomuk . On the epistle side, also seen from the front, are the Francis altar, with the image of the stigmatization of St. Francis accompanied by the statues of the holy apostles James the Elder and Jude Taddhäus; the Antonius altar with a panel of St. Anthony, the great miracle worker of Padua, the saints Florian and Donatus as assistant figures; the Joseph von Copertino Altar, which is a levitation of St. Joseph von Copertino shows. This interesting work is accompanied by Saints Sebastian and Rochus. Under the gallery there is still the All Souls' Altar with an altarpiece from the 17th century, which shows the Mother of God as intercessor of the poor souls with her divine Son. An expressive Pietà from the beginning of the 18th century is venerated in the cafeteria of the altar.
pulpit
The pulpit of the Minorite Church dates from 1767 and is still used for preaching today. It can be entered from the corridor between the sacristy and the presbytery. The pulpit is decorated with the symbols of the four evangelists and four reliefs with the representations of St. Maria Magdalena as penitent, the penitential sermon of St. John the Baptist, St. Francis, as well as the brazen serpent . The sound cover shows the dove as a symbol of the Holy Spirit on the underside. On the cover itself there is a Rococo statue of the Good Shepherd.
organ
An organ in the Minorite Church is mentioned as early as 1501. The mighty organ front dates from 1853 and was built using parts of an organ front from the 18th century. It is crowned with the coat of arms of Upper Austria in the middle. The case served works by Ludwig Mooser (Salzburg) and Leopold Breinbauer ( Ottensheim ). The current organ was built from the summer of 2008 to May 2009 by the Dresden organ builder Kristian Wegscheider as a sustainable contribution by the state of Upper Austria to the "Linz Capital of Culture 2009" project . The organ has 27 sounding registers and its pitch is a '= 415 Hz. A special feature is that the organ of the Minoritenkirche was designed as a classic Saxon baroque organ.
sacristy
In the former summer sacristy, the vestry cupboards with inlaid work and a door also adorned with inlay from the second half of the 18th century and a fountain made of red marble from the second half of the 17th century have been preserved. The sacristy of the Minoritenkirche is probably one of the most beautiful sacristies in the city of Linz.
Pastoral care at the Minorite Church
Pastoral care at the Minoritenkirche has been in the hands of the Priestly Society of St. Peter (FSSP), known as the Petrine Society for short, since 1990/91. The Society of St. Peter was established on October 18, 1988 by Pope John Paul II and is one of the so-called "Communities of Apostolic Life under Papal Law". The Petrine Brotherhood sees its task in pastoral care and in the formation of priests. This community celebrates the liturgy in the extraordinary form of the Roman rite ("Tridentine rite").
Web links
- Former Minorite Church and former Minorite Monastery. In: stadtgeschichte.linz.at.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Former Minorite Church and former Minorite Monastery. In: stadtgeschichte.linz.at. Retrieved January 13, 2020 .
- ^ Marianne Taub: Johann Matthias Krinner. A master builder of baroque Linz. In: Yearbook of the City of Linz 1935. Linz 1936, Minoritenkirche pp. 98–100, entire article pp. 89–103, online (PDF) in the forum OoeGeschichte.at.
- ↑ Minorite Church. "Annunciation" - country house church. In: dioezese-linz.at. Retrieved January 13, 2020 .
- ↑ a b Information on the press conference with Governor Dr. Josef Pühringer Prof. DDDr. Rupert Gottfried Frieberger Prof. Herbert Friedl on April 27, 2009 on the subject of "New splendor and new tones in the Minoritenkirche - Presentation of the organ and the popular altar". (PDF) In: land-oberoesterreich.gv.at. April 27, 2009, accessed January 13, 2020 .
Coordinates: 48 ° 18 ′ 14.6 ″ N , 14 ° 17 ′ 6.6 ″ E