Miriam (prophetess)
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Mirjam , also written Miriam ( Heb. מִרְיָם; Arabic مریم), according to the tradition of the Old Testament, was the sister of Moses and Aaron and a prophetess .
The biblical tradition
According to Num 26.59 EU, Mirjam was the daughter of Amram and Jochebed , from the tribe of Levi . She is traditionally equated with the unnamed older sister of Moses, who observed from a hiding place how Moses was found in the reed basket by the Pharaoh's daughter and who suggested her mother as wet nurse ( Ex 2.1-10 EU ).
When leaving Egypt , after crossing the Red Sea , Mirjam led the dance of joy and the singing of the women, where she was referred to as a prophetess ( Ex 15.20-21 EU ).
During the following hike in the desert, Mirjam and Aaron stood against their brother Moses in a dispute over his sole claim to leadership. She was then punished by God with leprosy , which only disappeared again at the prayer of Moses. After a seven-day period of ritual uncleanliness outside the camp, Mirjam was resumed ( Num 12.1–15 EU ). According to Num 20.1 EU , Mirjam died in Kadesch and was buried there.
Tradition in the Koran
The figure of Mirjam ( Arabic : مريم, Maryam ) is depicted in the Koran as the daughter of Amram ("Imran", sura 3 , 35), without taking into account the narrative and historical differences between the Old and New Testament traditions, but who has a foster father named " Zacharias ”and is considered the mother of Jesus (Sura 3.45). This connection is made similarly in Sura 19 , which bears the title "Maryam". There the mother of Jesus is also Aaron's sister (19: 28–34).
See also
literature
- Kurt Hennig (Ed.): Jerusalem Bibellexikon . Hänssler-Verlag, Neuhausen-Stuttgart 1990, ISBN 3-7751-2367-9 .
- Ursula Rapp: Mirjam. A feminist-rhetorical reading of the Mirjam texts in the Hebrew Bible. De Gruyter, Berlin 2002 (= supplements to the journal for Old Testament science . Volume 317), ISBN 3-11-017384-0 .
- Erich Zenger , Peter Weimar: Exodus. Stories and History of the Liberation of Israel. Verlag Katholisches Bibelwerk, Stuttgart 1975, ISBN 3-460-03751-2 , pp. 71-87: Das Mirjamlied (Ex 15.20-21) .
Web links
- Ursula Rapp: Mirjam. In: Michaela Bauks, Klaus Koenen, Stefan Alkier (Eds.): The Scientific Biblical Lexicon on the Internet (WiBiLex), Stuttgart 2006 ff.