Mitrastemon
| Mitrastemon | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mitrastemon |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the family | ||||||||||||
| Mitrastemonaceae | ||||||||||||
| Makino | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Mitrastemon | ||||||||||||
| Makino |
Mitrastemon is the only genus of the monogeneric family of Mitrastemonaceae within the order of the heather-like (Ericales), with only two species . Mitrastemon species are root endoparasites ; their hosts are Fagaceae ( Castanopsis , Lithocarpus , Quercus , Trigonobalanus ).
description
Mitrastemon species are chlorophyllless holoparasites , root endoparasites with a filamentous “root network” that completely penetrates the host's roots. Their hosts are species from the Fagaceae family: Castanopsis , Lithocarpus , Quercus and Trigonobalanus have been reported . They are herbaceous plants of several years . The leaves are decussed or lively in three to seven (up to 24) pairs on the stems and get larger and larger towards the top. The leaves are sessile and scaled down. They are cream-colored or milky yellowish-white in the flowering period. Stipules are missing.
The inflorescences arise directly from the host plant and are surrounded by a ring of host tissue. The flowers stand individually on a 4 to 15 cm long flower stem. The hermaphroditic, radial symmetry flowers are protandric and have a diameter of 0.6 to 1.5 cm. The perianth is reduced, with Mitrastemon matudae the flower cover is still four-lobed. The ten stamens are fused with tubes and surround the upper ovary so that only a small opening remains at the top. The scar is hemispherical. Flies, bees, wasps, butterflies and birds ( honey-eaters , ornithophilia ) were observed as pollinators .
There are beer-like fruit capsules formed which contain many small seeds. The seeds are yellowish to dark brown.
distribution
You have a disjoint area ; on the one hand Central America , on the other hand Southeast Asia , Japan and New Guinea .
Systematics
The genus is in its own family Mitrastemonaceae. Sometimes this genus is classified among the Rafflesiaceae .
The genus Mitrastemon and thus the family consists of only two species:
- Mitrastemon matudae Makino : Your home is Central America ( Chiapas , Guatemala , Honduras ) and Colombia .
-
Mitrastemon yamamotoi Makino : Your home is Southeast Asia , parts of the Malay Archipelago , Japan and New Guinea :
- Mitrastemon yamamotoi . Var kanehirae (Yamamoto) Makino (Syn .: mitrastemon kanehirae Yamamoto ): It is a root parasite of Castanopsis and Lithocarpus on Taiwan .
- Mitrastemon yamamotoi Makino var. Yamamotoi (Syn .: mitrastemon cochinchinensis Nakai ; mitrastemon kawa-sasakii Hayata , mitrastemon sumatranus Nakai , mitrastemon yamamotoi . F kawa-sasakii (Hayata) Makino , mitrastemon yamamotoi . Var kawa-sasakii (Hayata) Makino )
swell
- The Mitrastemonaceae the family on the APWebsite = website of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (Engl.)
- The family in Parasitic Plants site (English).
- Description of the genus in the Flora of China. (engl.)
- Mitrastemon matudae on the Flora Mesoamericana website (span.)
