Morawitzky (noble family)

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Coat of arms of the imperial count Morawitzky on Tenczin and Rudnitz 1742

The Counts of Morawitzky on Tenczin and Rudnitz , also Topor Morawitzy of Tenczin and Rudnitz , come from one of the oldest noble families in the Kingdom of Poland , which later gained prestige in Bohemia and Silesia , then in the Electorate , then the Kingdom of Bavaria .

history

Heinrich Theodor Johann Graf von Morawitzky on Tenczin and Rudnitz
Palais Porcia in Munich
Joseph Clemens Count von Morawitzky on Tenczin and Rudnitz

origin

The Counts of Morawitzky belong to the well-known Polish family Topor or Starza, one of the twelve oldest Polish noble houses, which before and after King Sigismund II August , who ruled from 1548 to 1572, partly under the name Topor Starza, partly under other tribal and surnames held outstanding religious and secular honorary offices, owned large estates, founded monasteries and, in addition to the rulers in Poland, also acquired important property in Bohemia and Silesia, and especially in descent from Navogius, Count of Preginia, Paladins in Sandomir , the builder von Tenczin , under the names of Counts Tenczinsky, Ossolinsky and Morawitzky, while retaining the old coat of arms.

From the third of the lines just mentioned, the line of Morawitzky, Zegotha ​​and Otto, both topors, after they had taken a bishop captive to the Duchy of Syradia in 1271 , at the insistence of the other topors, removed the coat of arms of the House of Topor, took three in silver red hearts and settled in Silesia. However, when the family was later ascertained, the coat of arms of the House of Topor was included again in the coat of arms.

The Austrian-Bavarian line

The baron class came into the family through three surveys. First, Emperor Leopold I confirmed the prince-bishop Passau lieutenant colonel and district judge Johann Joachim Morawitzky von Rudnitz († August 15, 1754) in the old Bohemian gentry and then elevated him with a diploma of April 8, 1695 in Vienna from the old knight to the old lords - and barons, then Wolf Heinrich Morawitzky von Rudnitz, also a princely Passau district judge, was transferred in 1708 from the old knight to the herbländisch-Austrian old lords and barons and finally in 1718 Franz Casimir von Morawitzky received the Bohemian baron.

Theodor Heinrich Freiherr Morawitzky von Rudnitz (1680–1770), Imperial Feldzeugmeister , was married to Maria Josepha Monika Caroline le Danois, Comtesse de Cernay, received the Imperial Count Diploma from Emperor Charles VII on February 14, 1742. He was the father of the lovers of the emperor, Maria Josepha (1714–1789), whom the emperor later married to Count Antonio da Porcia and who had previously given her (1731) a palace later named after her husband .

Joseph Clemens (1711–1788), son of Theodor Heinrich, vice governor in Amberg , was married to Maria Elisabeth (1709–1788), daughter of Alois Clemens Ernst Bero Count von Rechberg and Rothenlöwen , court counselor, chamberlain and caretaker in Erding , and of Anna Maria Josepha Countess von Fugger . Their two sons were Theodor Heinrich Graf Morawitzky von Topor (1735-1810), Bavarian Minister of Justice and Education, and the court judge Maximilian (1744-1817).

The elevation was made by Elector Max Joseph III. recognized by Bavaria on March 19, 1757 and extended to the younger Morawitzky lines, to those of Amberg and Culmain. As a result of the above-mentioned recognition diploma and the confirmation diplomas of the count's status, the older and these two younger lines, which the latter descended from two brothers, Count Johann Anselm Heinrich, electoral treasurer and councilor of Amberg and Theodor Benedict Heinrich, were in the count class of the nobility registers of the Kingdom of Bavaria on May 30, 1809 and May 29, 1812. The male line of the older line went out in 1820 with Count Carl, royal Bavarian retired captain and so only the two younger lines at Amberg and Culmain flourished. Enrollment in the Kingdom of Bavaria took place on May 30, 1869. The head of the line to Amberg was Maximilian August Eduard Graf Topor von Morawitzky and Rudnitz (* October 28, 1798, † 1875 in Munich), royal Bavarian officer and military historian, son of Count Emanuel Heinrich Alois, royal Bavarian grenadier captain, died on December 3, 1800 near Hohenlinden, from her marriage to Johanna Freiin von Weikmann on Kretschenreuth († March 19, 1833). Maximilian married Luise Dorothea von Schieber (born January 24, 1804) on February 2, 1837, from which marriage two daughters, the countesses Justine and Amalia, emerged. The line to Culmain represented Count Johann Anton Ambrosius, (born September 3, 1794), royal Bavarian retired captain, son of Count Johann Adam Ferdinand (born August 2, 1763); died as a Bavarian forest master in Culmain.

Personalities

  • Theodor Heinrich Graf von Morawitzky auf Tenczin und Rudnitz (* 1680 in Erfurt, † 1773 in Munich) had entered the service of Elector Max Emanuel , probably on the recommendation of Electress Therese Kunigunde, who was born in Poland. He was Imperial Privy Councilor a . Feldzeugmeister as well as electoral Bavarian chamberlain and general field marshal lieutenant. On November 9, 1737, the Count was appointed owner of Regiment No. 5 , which was also renamed the Regiment on Foot "Count Morawitzky" . On August 12, 1770, the elderly officer renounced his regiment and handed it over to the Privy Council, Colonel stable master and colonel of the infantry, Karl Graf von Daun.
  • Joseph Clemens Graf von Morawitzky auf Tenczin and Rudnitz, Lord of Moosen, Arnstorf and Ramlesreuth (* 1711; † December 19, 1786), son of Theodor Heinrich, was most recently Vice Governor in Amberg and Real Privy Councilor as well as Grand Comtor of the Bavarian Order of St. George .
  • Heinrich Theodor Johann Graf von Morawitzky auf Tenczin and Rudnitz , also Graf Morawitzky von Topor , (born October 21, 1735 in Munich; † August 14, 1810 ibid), grandson of Theodor Heinrich, was elected a member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences in 1765 (1769 its vice-president), president of the court chamber and 1779 president of the newly created upper state government, then Bavarian minister of justice and culture but also a recognized writer. He was knight of the Bavarian Order of St. George from April 29, 1770, then from 1778 his commander and capitular lord.
  • Maximilian Graf von Morawitzky auf Tenczin und Rudnitz (1744-1817), brother of the above, was court judge as well as director and deputy governor in Ingolstadt , who had remained single.
Coat of arms of the Barons Morawitzky von Rudnitz 1695

coat of arms

1742: Squared shield with central shield. In the silver middle shield three (2 and 1) red hearts (family coat of arms). 1 and 4 in packages an upright, right-turned, silver battle ax (hatchet) with a golden handle (House Topor); 2 and 3 a golden crown in claw in the base of the shield, from which two chamois horns of natural color rise side by side, turned outwards. On the shield there are five crowned helmets except for the middle one. The right helmet belonging to the Slamin coat of arms has the antlers of a deer with ten ends and natural color; From the second a silver, inward-facing horse grows up to the abdomen; A red prince's hat rests on the middle helmet; Above the fourth helmet lies the battle ax of the 1st and 4th field, which touches the outside of the crown of the helmet with the handle, and the left helmet carries the chamois horns of the 2nd and 3rd field. The helmet covers are red and silver on the right, black and gold on the left.

literature

  • Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the count's houses . Verlag Justus Perthes, Gotha 1860, p. 542
  • Historical manual for the genealogical paperback of the count's houses . Verlag Justus Perthes, Gotha 1860, p. 618
  • Ernst Heinrich Kneschke: German count houses of the present in heraldic, historical and genealogical relation . 2. Volume L-Z . Publishing house TO Weigel, Leipzig 1853
  • Michael Henker , Margot Hamm, Evamaria Brockhoff (eds.): Bavaria is born. Montgelas and his Ansbacher Mémoire from 1796. In: Publications on Bavarian History and Culture, No. 32, Augsburg 1996, p. 132.

Web links

Commons : Morawitzky (noble family)  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Prof. Dr. Ernst Heinrich Kneschke: "German count houses of the present: in heraldic, historical and genealogical relation", 2nd volume LZ, Verlag TO Weigel, Leipzig 1853, p. 131 ff.
  2. ^ Johann Siebmacher: "J. Siebmacher's big Wappenbuch", Volume 30, Verlag Bauer and Raspe, Nuremberg 1979, p. 81
  3. ↑ Prof. Dr. Ernst Heinrich Kneschke: "New general German Adels-Lexicon", 6th vol., Friedrich Voigt'sche Buchhandlung, Loewenthal - Osorowski, Leipzig 1865, p. 350 f.
  4. ↑ http://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz65369.html
  5. ↑ Hermann Soltmann (Ed.): “Historisch-heraldisches Handbuch zum genealogischen Taschenbuch der Graflichen Häuser”, Verlag Julius Perthes, Gotha 1855, p. 618 ff.
  6. ↑ Hans Gerneth, Bernhard Kiessling: "History of the Royal Bavarian 5th Infantry Regiment (Grand Duke of Hesse) - Based on archival research," Volume 1, Verlag ES Mittler und Sohn, 1883, p. 51 ff.
  7. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from September 29, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.figuren-modellbau.de
  8. ↑ Des Churbaierischen High Knight Order St. Georgii coat of arms calendar, A 2, Munich 1788, no page number
  9. ↑ Des Churbaierischen High Knight Order St. Georgii coat of arms calendar, in the coat of arms and portrait area, Munich 1788, no page number
  10. ↑ Michael Henker, Margot Hamm and Evamaria Brockhoff (eds.): “Bavaria is created. Montgelas and his Ansbacher Mémoire from 1796 ”, in“ Publications on Bavarian History and Culture ”, No. 32, Augsburg 1996, p. 132