Tamjanika Crna

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Tamjanika Crna
Synonyms Rosenmuskateller, Moscato Rosa, Muscat rose à petits grains, Red Frontignac, Moscatel roxo, Muskat Ruza Porecki - for more see section Synonyms
Tamjanika Crna
Art Grape vine ( Vitis vinifera subsp. Vinifera )
Berry color black
use
origin Balkans
known since 1565
VIVC no. 8057
ancestry

Cross of
Moscato Bianco × unknown grape variety

List of grape varieties
Sprinkled grapes of the Rosenmuskateller variety

Tamjanika Crna , known by the synonym Rosenmuskateller , is a very rare red wine variety. It belongs to the large group of muscatel varieties. In South Tyrol the variety is grown almost exclusively as a dessert wine and has made a name for itself as a specialty. Today the full-bodied, aromatic and complex sweet wine with an intense rose fragrance is a rare and sought-after specialty. It is a very demanding grape variety and only brings low yields. Wines made dry are mostly bitter and of moderate structure and quality.

Origin, descent

The variety has its origin in the Balkans.

Genetic studies do not give any clear results. According to a DNA analysis carried out in 2001, she is a direct descendant of the Yellow Muscat , the second parent is still unknown. But there is also an investigation result which allows other conclusions. However, it is not certain whether the same rose muscatel was examined in the tests. There is therefore no unanimous opinion on this. As early as 1999 it turned out that the Croatian nutmeg Ruza Porecki is identical.

Ampelographic varietal characteristics

  • The shoot growth is strong and upright.
  • The flower is female and therefore cannot fertilize itself. The flowers are therefore very sensitive. Because of this, the variety has low yields.
  • The stalk of the grapes is medium to large, many berries remain seedless (virgin berries). The grape weight fluctuates greatly due to the inconsistent fertilization. The berry skin is thinner than that of the ' Gelber Muskateller '. Rose muscat grapes have to stay on the cane for a long time until the berries shrivel. Only then will the berries shrink to achieve a high sugar content, which is necessary for the production of high-quality dessert wine.

Maturity: late

Yield

The yield is very low and uncertain.

In South Tyrol the expected yield is between 20 and 50 dt / ha. There are also more fertile clones and selections, but the wine quality is far from being achieved with these.

Expectations

Location
Rosenmuskateller can be reached up to medium-high altitudes at approx. 500 m above sea level. d. M. to be planted in South Tyrol. The variety needs airy, warm locations. The fertility of the variety is often too low at high altitudes. Locations with increased dew formation (increased botrytis infestation) are to be avoided for the variety.

Soil
The variety should be planted in light, sandy soils. Deep, fertile and therefore vigorous locations are not suitable for the variety.

Advantages and disadvantages

advantages

disadvantage

  • Has a high susceptibility to stem paralysis , botrytis (thin berry peel) and vinegar rot.
  • The variety requires a long straight cut (flat arch) and should not be cut too short.
  • Flower is female; Self-pollination therefore not possible - high flowering sensitivity.
  • Brings low, uncertain and irregular yields.
  • The wines lose their fragrance when they are stored.
  • Only suitable for dessert wine production.
  • Wines made dry are mostly bitter and have only a moderate structure and quality.

distribution

In Italy, especially in South Tyrol and the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region , the variety is only found on small areas (approx. 58 hectares, as of 1998). Others in France ( Alsace , approx. 30 hectares) and Austria ( Burgenland , approx. 15 hectares).

Wine

Only well-ripened grapes produce very intense, fruity, aromatic, onion-skin-colored red wines. The aroma is strongly in the direction of rose fragrance and spices. The South Tyrolean Rosenmuskateller are mostly edelsüß expanded and are in their youth flowery . However, during storage the wine loses its fragrance. Abundant clones and selections result in a significantly lower wine quality with more bitter substances. Wines made dry are mostly bitter and of moderate structure.

Synonyms

Synonyms 21: Isonzo, Krajinska Tamjanika Crna, Moscata Rossa, Moscato delle Rose Nero, Moscato Rosa, Moscato Rosa del Trentino, Moscato Rosa Di Madera, Moscato Rosato, Moscato Rosso, Moscita Rosa, Muscadel of Roses Black, Muscat des Roses Noir, Muscat Rose, Muskat Crveni, Muskat Ruza, Muskat Ruza Crni, Muskat Ruza Omiski, Muskat Ruza Porecki, Rosenmuskateller, Rosenmuskateller Blauer, Uva Rosa.

literature

  • Hans Ambrosi , Bernd HE Hill, Erika Maul, Ernst H. Rühl, Joachim Schmid, Fritz Schumann: color atlas grape varieties. 300 varieties and their wines. 3rd, completely revised edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2011, ISBN 978-3-8001-5957-4 .
  • Pierre Galet : Dictionnaire encyclopédique des cépages. Hachette, Paris 2000, ISBN 2-01-236331-8 .
  • Paul Hafner, Barbara Raifer, Josef Terleth: varieties, clones, documents. Instructions for choosing the right variety in South Tyrolean viticulture. South Tyrolean advisory ring for fruit and wine growing, Lana 2012

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ferdinand Regner : oral communication
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Paul Hafner, Barbara Raifer, Josef Terleth: Varieties, clones, documents - instructions for choosing the right variety in South Tyrolean viticulture , South Tyrolean advisory ring for fruit and viticulture, Lana, South Tyrol, Italy, 2012 edition
  3. ↑ Ferdinand Regner : oral communication
  4. ↑ a b Hans Ambrosi , Bernd HE Hill, Erika Maul, Erst H. Rühl, Joachim Schmid, Fritz Schuhmann: Color Atlas Rebsorten , 3rd edition, Eugen Ulmer, 2011, ISBN 978-3-8001-5957-4 , p. 177 .
  5. ↑ Tamjanika Crna in the database Vitis International Variety Catalog of the Institute for Vine Breeding Geilweilerhof (English) June 2020