Museum of Tyrolean Farms

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Logo of the Museum of Tyrolean Farms in Kramsach
Map of the courtyards in the museum
Museum grounds

The Museum Tiroler Bauernhöfe is an open-air museum in Kramsach , Austria . The museum has around 14 historic farms and 23 outbuildings (barns, chapels, alpine pastures, etc.).

history

The Tiroler Bauernhöfe Museum was founded in 1974 on the initiative of the Kramsach entrepreneur Heinz AE Mantl . When the association was founded, he succeeded in finding personalities from politics, science and business, who in turn were able to win sponsors for the construction of this museum. An attempt was made to document the way of life and economy of the rural population in the pre-industrial times with the variety of distinctive courtyard forms on an area of ​​about eight hectares.

In the meantime, 14 farms and 23 outbuildings (chapels, a threshing barn, an alpine pasture, an armory etc.) have been built on the museum area, all of which would otherwise have fallen victim to the pickaxe. The farms were built according to their origins in the museum in such a way that the visitor can "wander through" the country with a tour from North Tyrol via East and South Tyrol: From the center of Tyrol, the Wipptaler Hof, one arrives via the Unterinntal (farms from Alpbach , Walchsee, Wildschönau and Zillertal) via the Osttiroler Hof and Südtiroler Hof to the Oberinntal (Ötztal, Pitztal, Ausserfern to Thaur). The Thaurer Hof is geographically located in the Lower Inn Valley, but its structural affiliation corresponds to the Upper Inn Valley building type.

Images of courtyards

  • "Trujer-Gregörler" farm

  • "Trujer-Gregörler" farm

  • "Falkner-Schnaitter" farm

  • "Falkner-Schnaitter" farm

The museum and its purpose

Watermill on the museum grounds
Covered bridge on the museum grounds

Before the houses are demolished on the spot, everything has to be precisely measured and all wooden parts numbered exactly. Experts also examine the masonry of the house facades in particular in order to identify any overpainting and other clues to the history of the courtyards. The entire building is documented with hand drawings, photo documents and film recordings, so that it can then be rebuilt true to the original using the original building materials.

The museum courtyards are arranged along a valley that largely corresponds to the geographical location of Tyrol. The courtyards are open and accessible and some are contemporary in design. In each courtyard there is a detailed description of the building type, age and original location. The museum now includes not only courtyards, but also a school, a shooting range, a water mill, a forge, a fire station, a bathing room and a covered bridge . The currently oldest farms are the Tierstaller from South Tyrol, a residential house with a Paarhof from before 1500 and the Alter Segger from East Tyrol with roots in the Middle Ages around 1400.

The museum is at the service of research, popular education and monument protection. School classes can get a vivid insight into the rural building history of Tyrol.

The museum plays a pioneering role for open-air museums in the area of ​​interactive IT-supported communication. By 2017, the museum had set up four themed stations on the site on the subject of “landscape, economy, community and domination”. In addition, videos specially produced for this purpose are projected onto the wall using projectors in seven courtyard interiors. These can also be heard in other languages ​​through earpieces.

A selection of examples

literature

  • Alfred Pohler: The most beautiful farms in Tyrol . Tyrolia Publishing House 2007 ISBN 9783702228804
  • Alfred Pohler: Old Tyrolean farms . Innsbruck and Berwang, Steiger Verlag, Volume 1, 1984, Volume 2, 1987. ISBN 3-85423-024-9
  • Thomas Bertagnolli: The Museum of Tyrolean Farms: An open-air museum in the field of tension between quality of content and popular visitor offers in: Museum Aktuell, No. 242, 2017; ISSN 1433-3848, p. 14 ff.

swell

  • Brochure published by the Museum of Tyrolean Farms.

Web links

Commons : Museum Tiroler Bauernhöfe  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 47 ° 27 ′ 48 ″  N , 11 ° 55 ′ 8 ″  E