Muzio gambit
Muzio gambit | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Trains | 1. e4 e5 2. f4 exf4 3. Nf3 g5 4. Bc4 g4 5. 0-0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ECO key | C37 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Named after | Muzio d'Alessandro |
The Muzio-Gambit or Muzio-Polerio-Gambit is an opening variant in chess that results from the King 's Jumper Gambit . Your ECO code is C37 .
history
The muzio gambit was already known to the Italian masters of the early 17th century , Giulio Cesare Polerio and Alessandro Salvio mention it in their writings. It is named after the otherwise not featured player Muzio d'Alessandro from Naples . The gambit is typical for the game concept of this time: a quick and uncompromising attack on the opposing king, even if you have to sacrifice your own material .
The variant was very popular in the 19th century . The theorist Jacob Henry Sarratt dedicated almost a hundred pages to it in his book New treatise on the game of chess (1821). Attacking players like Adolf Anderssen , Johannes Zukertort and Michail Tschigorin achieved brilliant successes with it. However, in the course of time better and better defense strategies were discovered, so that the Muzio-Gambit slowly disappeared from tournament practice.
In his book My sixty memorable games , published in 1969, Bobby Fischer summed up that there was nothing “romantic” in the Muzio Gambit, since it had been analyzed to the point of a draw .
Nevertheless, the Muzio-Gamit has not completely disappeared from modern tournament practice, for example Grandmaster Alexei Schirow won a game against Lapinski with the Muzio-Gambit.
Opening theory
a | b | c | d | e | f | G | H | ||
8th | 8th | ||||||||
7th | 7th | ||||||||
6th | 6th | ||||||||
5 | 5 | ||||||||
4th | 4th | ||||||||
3 | 3 | ||||||||
2 | 2 | ||||||||
1 | 1 | ||||||||
a | b | c | d | e | f | G | H |
After the introductory moves
1. e2 – e4 e7 – e5 2. f2 – f4 e5xf4 3. Ng1 – f3 g7 – g5 4. Bf1 – c4 g5 – g4 White offers a knight sacrifice with 5. 0–0 .
This can be rejected with 5.… d5 6. Bxd5 Nf6. Mostly however 5.… g4xf3 6. Qd1xf3 follows
The compensation of the whites for the material loss consists in the development lead and a strong pressure on the weak point f7.
After the most frequently played move 6.… Qd8 – f6 (Qd8 – e7 is also possible, but is considered weaker)
White sacrifices another pawn with 7. e4 – e5 to open lines against the black king.
(7. d2 – d3 Nb8 – c6! 8. Bc1xf4 d7 – d6 9. Nb1 – c3 Bc8 – e6 10. Sc3 – d5 Qf6 – d8 is considered too slow for White. 7. Nb1 – c3 Qf6 – d4 + 8. Rf1 –F2 Qd4xc4 9. b2 – b3 is a different attempt.)
a | b | c | d | e | f | G | H | ||
8th | 8th | ||||||||
7th | 7th | ||||||||
6th | 6th | ||||||||
5 | 5 | ||||||||
4th | 4th | ||||||||
3 | 3 | ||||||||
2 | 2 | ||||||||
1 | 1 | ||||||||
a | b | c | d | e | f | G | H |
After 7.… Qf6xe5 there are two possibilities for White to continue the attack:
- the radical, but not entirely correct “double Muzio gambit” 8. Bc4xf7 + Ke8xf7 9. d2 – d4 Qe5 – f5 (9… Qf6xd4 + 10. Bc1 – e3 Qd4 – f6 11. Be3xf4 with a strong attack)
- the most played 8. d2 – d3 Bf8 – h6 9. Nb1 – c3 Ng8 – e7 10. Bc1 – d2 Nb8 – c6 11. Ra1 – e1. This variant has long been considered advantageous for White, but this assessment was called into question by the move 11 ... Qe5 – f5, which Louis Paulsen introduced in 1860. The main line apparently leading to a draw with 12. Nc3 – d5 Ke8 – d8 13. Qf3 – e2 (Lean attack) Qf5 – e6 14. Nd5xe7 Qe6xe7 15. Bd2 – c3 Rh8 – g8 16. Qf3 – h5 De7 – g5 17. Rf1 – f2 becomes through Rg8 – f8! (instead of Qxh5? 18. Bf6 + Ne7 19. Bxe7 + Ke8 20. Bd6 + draw) refuted, according to which Black has a decisive advantage ( Stefan Bücker / Thomas Stock, 1997).
5. Nf3 – e5 is called the Salvio Gambit .
5. Nb1 – c3 g4xf3 6. Qd1xf3 results in the McDonnell muziogambit. 5. Nb1 – c3 Nb8 – c6 6. 0–0 is the Hamppe-Muzio gambit .
5. d2 – d4 is the Ghulam-Kassim gambit .
The Lolli gambit 5. Bc4xf7 + is named after Giambattista Lolli .
literature
- Paul Keres : three knights game to the king's gambit. Sportverlag, Berlin 1977, 4th edition, pp. 255–260.
- Alexei Suetin : Russian to King's Gambit. Sportverlag, Berlin 1989, 2nd edition, pp. 196–202, ISBN 3-328-00270-7 .
- John Shaw : The King's Gambit. Quality Chess, Glasgow 2013, pp. 197–199, ISBN 1-906552-71-1 (English)
Web links
- Thomas Stock: Letter to the editor on the status of the theory of the Polerio Gambit , in: Kaissiber , No. 33, 2008
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1074916
- ↑ Stefan Bücker: The new king's gambit . Franckh, Stuttgart 1986, ISBN 3440056929 .