Non-breaking space
A protected space ( English no-break space , also non-breaking space , abbreviated NBSP , sometimes also referred to as permanent space) prevents an automatic line break at the position of the space , which could impair legibility and disrupt the flow of reading . The character emerged from the rules for line typesetting in typesetting when they were implemented for digital typography .
Digital typography
The non-breaking space is generated with the code in HTML source texts
. In the Unicode character set, it can be found at position U + 00A0 in the Unicode block Latin-1, supplement .
In addition to the usual protected space, the Unicode standard also has a narrow protected space ( English narrow no-break space , abbreviated NNBSP , position U + 202F,  
), a protected space without its own width (English zero width no-break space , Position U + FEFF, 
), the empty digit (English figure space , position U + 2007) and the Mongolian vowel separator (English mongolian vowel separator , abbreviated MVS , position U + 180E), which largely corresponds to the NNBSP, but also influences can have the shape of the letters attached. The break behavior is described in the Unicode line break algorithm .
Coding
The protected spaces are defined and coded as follows:
character | Unicode | designation | HTML | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
position | designation | hexadecimal | decimal | named | ||
▕ ▏ | U + 00A0 | no-break space | non-breaking space | & # x00A0; | & # 160; | & nbsp; |
▕ ▏ | U + 202F | narrow no-break space | narrow non-breaking space | & # x202F; | & # 8239; | - |
▕ ▏ | U + FEFF | zero width no-break space | protected space without its own width 1 | & # xFEFF; | & # 65279; | - |
▕ ▏ | U + 2007 | figure space | empty digit 2 | & # x2007; | & # 8199; | - |
▕▏ | U + 180E | Mongolian vowel separator | Mongolian vowel separator | & # x180E; | & # 6158; | - |
In ASCII - character set from 1963 no protected spaces are included, which is why many older computer systems they could not represent. Almost all modern computers use at least the ISO 8859 standard, which was introduced in 1987, and can therefore process and display at least the non-breaking space U + 00A0 without any problems.
Application examples
- Between the salutation and the name of a person: "Prof. Dr. Examplehausen ”-
Prof. Dr. Beispielhausen
(
or 
) At least one would want to keep the two titles“ Prof. ”and“ Dr. ”together; just as a single title "Dr." with the surname. A separation between the group of several titles on the one hand and the last name on the other hand can be very useful; Constructs that are connected for too long are to be avoided, otherwise it would be separated in the middle of the last name. Otherwise, there will be an excessive gap in the right margin or justification with huge word spacing. - Between numerical value and unit of measurement : "44 mm" -
44 mm
. - In abbreviations : “z. B. “-
z. B.
It is better to use a narrow protected space (“ e.g. ”-z. B.
) here. For reasons of compatibility , however, it is usually not used as this character is not supported by all web browsers and fonts. Often the space is left out entirely instead, which is not correct according to DIN 5008 . - With special characters: "3 + 5" -
3 + 5
and in certain constellations of punctuation marks such as "Example -" -Beispiel –
. - Further examples:
- "St. Ulrich "-
St. Ulrich
- "St. Afra "-
Hl. Afra
- "Ludwig II." -
Ludwig II.
- "Version 3" -
Version 3
- "14. Century "-
14. Jahrhundert
- "30. June "-
30. Juni
- "B 17" -
B 17
- "S. 18 ff. "-
S. 18 ff.
- "A 96" -
A 96
.
- "St. Ulrich "-
Representation on computer systems
Operating system, application or standard 1 |
Non-breaking space () | Narrow non-breaking space () | |
---|---|---|---|
Windows | GUI ( CP1252 , standard) | Alt+ 01602 | Alt+ 82392 |
TUI ( CP850 , command prompt) | Alt+ 2552 | - | |
macOS | ⌥+Leertaste | - | |
X11 under z. B. Linux or BSD | Compose, Leertaste,Leertaste | - | |
AmigaOS | Alt+Leertaste | - | |
German standard keyboard layout T2 (standard for Germany and Austria) |
Alt Gr+Leertaste | Gruppenumschaltung ⇨+Leertaste | |
AbiWord | Strg+ ⇧Shift+Leertaste | - | |
Emacs | Strg+ X, 8,Leertaste | Strg+ X, 8, Eingabetaste, 2, 0, 2, F,Eingabetaste | |
Adobe FrameMaker | Strg+Leertaste | - | |
LibreOffice variants |
Strg+ Leertaste (before OOo 3) |
- | |
Microsoft Word | Keyboard shortcut | Strg+ ⇧Shift+Leertaste | - |
Unicode input 5 | A, 0, Alt+ COr A, 0, Alt+X | 2, 0, 2, F, Alt+ COr 2, 0, 2, F, Alt+X | |
Neo |
Mod3+ ⇧Shift+ Leertasteor |
Mod3+ Mod4+ Leertaste4 | |
LaTeX / plain TeX | always | ~ |
\thinspace 6 7
|
additionally with LaTeX outside of formulas |
- |
\, 8th
|
|
additionally in formulas | - |
\mkern\thinmuskip , 9
|
|
Constructions in general | Content from \hbox{...} or in LaTeX \mbox{...} is not broken, including spaces;
even better is |
||
Construction in formulas | The content of {...} is not broken, 10 including spaces
|
||
Vim | Digraph 11 | Strg+ K, ⇧Shift+NS | - |
Unicode input | Strg+ V, U, 0, 0, A,0 | Strg+ V, U, 2, 0, 2,F | |
WordPerfect | Strg+Leertaste | - | |
HTML | HTML entity |
|
- |
construction | Spaces in elements with CSS properties are not broken
white-space:nowrap |
||
XML / XHTML | decimal |
 
|
 
|
hexadecimal |
 
|
 
|
|
ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1) (decimal) | 160 | - | |
Unicode (hexadecimal) | U + 00A0 | U + 202F |
\,
is essentially \ifmmode\mskip\thinmuskip\else\thinspace\fi
defined as, see The LaTeX 2 ε Sources p. 65. Within a formula, it becomes \mskip
something that creates glue and therefore allows a line break - The TeXbook , p. 290 and Chapter 12. Otherwise \thinspace
, s. O.symbol
In MS Word, the degree symbol (°) is used as the formatting symbol for the non-breaking space .
See also
- Plenk (wrong space)
- Protected hyphen
Individual evidence
- ↑ Useful key combination: protected spaces in Word documents - Digital - Augsburger Allgemeine. In: augsburger-allgemeine.de. Retrieved May 23, 2017 .