Local supply
Local supply is defined in spatial planning and urban planning as supplying the population with goods and services for short and medium-term needs in the immediate vicinity of the home. In the public discussion, the term is mostly narrowed to the supply of food through the food retail trade .
definition
A technical distinction is made between "local supply in the narrower sense" and "local supply in the broader sense":
- The “local supply in the narrower sense” includes the “supply of everyday goods, especially food, including services that are centrally located and within walking distance”.
- “Local supply in the broader sense” includes a “comprehensive range of goods, ranging from short to long-term needs, but also public and private services (bank, post office, gastronomy, schools, medical care, culture, etc.) ) ".
The further definition thus includes all aspects that are intended to enable the population to participate equally in economic, social and cultural life at an easily negotiable distance from their place of residence. Thus, the provision of adequate local supplies is an essential aspect of the “creation of equivalent living conditions in the federal territory” required in Art. 72 (2) GG.
Local supply facilities in the food sector
The providers of local food supply include food retail outlets of all sizes:
- Hypermarkets and supermarkets
- Discount grocery store
- Supermarkets
- Food fachgeschäfte
- Delis
- Health food stores
- Business of the food production sector such as bakeries and butchers
- Beverage markets
- Farm shops
- Kiosks
- Gas station shops
- Mobile sales points such as market stalls or sales vehicles
Regulatory mechanisms
Traditionally, shops and local supply facilities were located in the local and community centers. In the course of the structural change in the retail sector, inner-city retail spaces were completely abandoned or replaced by facilities conveniently located on the outskirts. This development was initially initiated by the food discounters , now it is also followed by full-range retailers, specialist shops and service providers. This relocation is usually accompanied by an increase in the sales area. As a result, supply facilities close to home are lost, which in particular worsens the supply of people with restricted mobility.
There are different approaches to maintaining an adequate local supply of food, ranging from legal regulations such as retail decrees to action-related retail concepts to funding mechanisms such as city marketing . In rural areas there are approaches to ensure local supply by expanding the range of farm shops and direct marketers or by setting up community or village shops . In addition, there are some retail chains that, contrary to the industry trend, have specialized in setting up shops in small communities.
literature
- Rolf Junker, Gerd Kühn: Local supply in big cities . German Institute for Urban Studies, Berlin 2006. ISBN 978-3-88118-420-5 .
- Eva Schulze (ed.): Local supply in Baden-Württemberg: a guide with practical solutions . Southwest German Retail GmbH, Stuttgart 2003.
Web links
- Specialist colloquium "Local supply in the village" - collection of articles
- Local supply in the neighborhood: Documentation of the 7th technical discussion "Housing companies as actors in integrated urban (district) development" (PDF file; 2.57 MB)
- Local supply in the Free State of Saxony (PDF file; 8.1 MB)
- The return of mom and pop? Local supply in rural areas - innovative concepts
- Alternative local supply models in selected cities in Westphalia
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Local supply in the Free State of Saxony ( Memento of the original from March 23, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 8.1 MB)
- ↑ Local supply in the quarter: Documentation of the 7th technical discussion "Housing companies as actors in integrated urban (district) development" ( Memento of the original from March 24, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 2.7 MB), p. 8ff