National Democratic Party (Egypt)
| الحزب الوطني الديمقراطي National Democratic Party |
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| Party leader |
Anwar as-Sadat (1978–1981) Hosni Mubarak (1981–2011) Talaat Sadat (2011) |
| Secretary General |
Mohamed Zaki Abu Amer Gamal Mubarak (2002-2011) Hussam Badrawi (2011) |
| Deputy Chairman |
Yousef Wali Mustafa Chalil (–2007) |
| founding | July 1978 by Ahmad Ahmad El-Amawy, among others |
| resolution | April 16, 2011 |
| Headquarters | Cairo |
| Alignment | Authoritarianism , centrism , Egyptian nationalism |
| Number of members | approx. 2.5 million (2007) |
| Website | ndp.org.eg |
The National Democratic Party ( Arabic الحزب الوطني الديمقراطي, DMG al-Ḥizb al-waṭanī ad-dīmuqrāṭī ; Abbreviation NDP) was the ruling political party in Egypt from 1978 to 2011 .
politics
The approximately 2.5 million members included senior state employees and numerous governors, city councilors, village chiefs, but also the military and representatives of the private sector. Thus, Nasserists and business liberals were represented in the NDP at the same time .
She did not have a uniform ideological concept, but she acknowledged peace with Israel , Islamic law and the politics of Gamal Abdel Nasser and Anwar as-Sadat. The party's ideology was vague, ranging from moderate socialist positions to advocating market reforms. She was a member of the Socialist International . In the wake of ongoing unrest in Egypt, the party was excluded from membership on January 31, 2011 by a letter from General Secretary Luis Ayala .
history
founding
The party was founded in July 1978 by the Egyptian President and Nobel Peace Prize winner Anwar as-Sadat , who was its chairman until he was assassinated in 1981. The party itself emerged in 1978 from the middle spectrum of the Arab Socialist Union , the former Unity Party.
Since Sadat's assassination in 1981, President Hosni Mubarak was party leader. As a party supported by an authoritarian regime, supported by the intimidation and persecution of political opponents as well as a widespread practice of election fraud , the NDP has been the strongest political force in Egypt until recently.
Decline of the party
At the beginning of 2011 there was a revolution in Egypt . The high point was on February 1st, 2011, when up to two million people demonstrated in Cairo alone for more freedom and for the end of Hosni Mubarak's rule. On February 5, 2011 the Executive Committee of the NDP resigned. The members appointed the doctor and politician Hussam Badrawi , who was considered to be liberal and who also replaced the president's son Gamal Mubarak as chairman of the party's political committee, as the new general secretary . On February 11, however, Hussam Badrawi and Hosni Mubarak resigned from their posts.
On April 12, 2011, Talaat Sadat - a nephew of the former Egyptian President Anwar as-Sadat - was elected as the new chairman. After his election, Sadat tried in numerous statements to create the impression that he would cleanse the NDP of corrupt party functionaries and party members. The name of the party should also be changed to "New National Democratic Party" to indicate a new beginning.
On April 16, 2011, however, the party was dissolved by the Supreme Administrative Court of Egypt. Assets, party headquarters and other real estate of the party go to the state / or. the current government. The court justified its decision: Since the "head" (i.e. Mubarak) had already fallen, it was only logical that his main tool should now also fall. (said the chairman of the court Mohamed Agaty). This party has undermined the rights and freedoms guaranteed by the Egyptian constitution. Their practices led to social and political corruption. The party usurped power, tried to weaken opposition movements and parties, to suppress freedom, to imprison activists with different political views and to divide the Egyptian people through intrigues. The party used the government's security apparatus to hold down the political opposition.
See also
- Ahmed Ezz - former member
Individual evidence
- ↑ BACKGROUND: Egypt's ruling party - a conglomerate of many interests . Monsters and Critics. Retrieved February 3, 2011.
- ^ Letter from the Socialist International to the NDP of January 31, 2011. (PDF; 201 kB) socialistinternational.org, January 31, 2011, accessed on February 3, 2011 (English).
- ↑ The party leadership leaves, Mubarak stays , Zeit Online. February 5, 2011.
- ^ Al-Jazeera April 16, 2011: Egypt dissolves former ruling party
- ^ Al-Masry Al-Youm April 16, 2011: Court rules to dissolve Mubarak's NDP
- ^ Al-Masry Al-Youm April 17, 2011: Sunday's papers: Last call for the National Democratic Party
- ↑ Al-Arabiya April 17, 2011: Ending Mubarak's Party ( Memento from July 15, 2012 in the web archive archive.today )