Bleikuhlen nature reserve
The Bleikuhlen nature reserve with a size of 1.83 hectares is located south of Blankenrode in the urban area of Lichtenau in the Paderborn district . In 2014 it was designated as a nature reserve with the Lichtenau landscape plan. The area was already designated as NSG by the Detmold administrative district in 1969 . In 1969, however, it was designated as a sub- area of the Bleikuhlen and Waschebachtal nature reserve . The remainder of the Bleikuhlen and Waschebachtal nature reserve was in the neighboring city of Warburg in the Höxter district . In the south, the NSG forms the border with the Höxter district. The NSG represents a part of the Fauna-Flora-Habitat (FFH) Bleikuhlen and Waschebachtal (Natura 2000-Nr. DE-4419-303) in the European system of protected areas according to Natura 2000. It is a former ore mine, in which from the 12th Century until 1745 lead ore was mined. Galmei was mined in the second half of the 18th century to the beginning of the 20th century . The area of the ore mine is protected here in three different cities and districts, as the borders meet here. The specialty of the nature reserve is the violet calamine pansy ( Viola guestphalica ).
description
The NSG records the pits of the ore mine in the urban area of Lichtenau. Adjacent in the Höxter district is the Bleikuhlen and Waschebachtal nature reserve . The ore mine dump is protected in the Bleikuhle nature reserve in the Marsberg urban area in the Hochsauerland district . In the NSG there is a heavy metal lawn with the violet calamine pansy. According to the landscape plan, the red backed killer occurs in the NSG .
Purple calamine pansy
The violet calamine pansy occurs worldwide only in one place of growth in the border area of the Paderborn, Höxter and Hochsauerlandkreis districts. The entire occurrence is located in the FFH area Bleikuhlen and Waschebachtal of 71 hectares. One of the main protection goals of the area is, in addition to the preservation of the existing heavy metal lawns, the networking and restoration of heavy metal lawns in suitable locations in the protected area. The FFH area is made up of parts of four nature reserves. It is the nature reserve Lead Kuhlen and Wäschebachtal , the nature reserve Lead hollows , and also to the two 2008 reported from Hochsauerlandkreis areas nature reserve Wäschenbach / Tieberg and the nature reserve Lead Kuhle .
The violet calamine pansy grows in open, extremely low-nitrogen grassland naturally contaminated with heavy metals on dry and semi-dry lawns in partially shaded to sunny places in heavy metal lawns. In addition to the lead hollows, the former opencast mine, and the spoil dump, it grows below the lead hollows in a meadow in the Waschebach valley that is contaminated with heavy metals. In the NSG Waschebachtal / Tieberg, the two meadows with the occurrence of the violet calamine pansy are mowed annually by the Association for Nature and Bird Protection in the Hochsauerlandkreis (VNV) to prevent encroachment or reforestation and thus the disappearance of the species.
literature
- Paderborn district: Lichtenau landscape plan. Paderborn 2014.
Web links
- "Bleikuhlen" nature reserve in the specialist information system of the State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection in North Rhine-Westphalia
- Registration form for the FFH area "Bleikuhlen and Waschebachtal"
Individual evidence
- ^ Richard Götte: Flora in the east of the Sauerland , Association for nature and bird protection in the Hochsauerlandkreis 2007, ISBN 978-3-00-021099-0 , p. 152.
Coordinates: 51 ° 31 ′ 57 ″ N , 8 ° 54 ′ 16 ″ E