Bleikuhlen nature reserve and Waschebachtal

Open-cast mining area with the three protected areas on an aerial photo

Purple calamine pansy

Bleikuhlen nature reserve and Waschebachtal

The Bleikuhlen and Waschebachtal nature reserve with a size of 12.06  hectares is located south of Blankenrode in the urban area of Lichtenau in the Paderborn district , but belongs to the town of Warburg in the Höxter district . The area was designated as a nature reserve (NSG) by the Detmold administrative district as early as 1969 . In 1969 only the ore mine near Blankenrode was designated as an NSG. In 1969, an adjacent area in the Lichtenau urban area in the Bleikuhlen and Waschebachtal was also designated. In 2002, a second separate area south-east of the open pit was also designated. Here in the Hochsauerlandkreis, the nature reserve Waschebach / Tieberg borders directly . The last-mentioned areas are on the Waschebach . In 2014, the part of the nature reserve in the Paderborn district was separated and designated as the Bleikuhlen nature reserve with the Lichtenau landscape plan.

The NSG represents a partial area in the Fauna-Flora-Habitat (FFH) Bleikuhlen and Waschebachtal (Natura 2000-Nr. DE-4419-303) in the European system of protected areas according to Natura 2000. It is a former ore mine in which from the 12th Century until 1745 lead ore was mined. Galmei was mined in the second half of the 18th century to the beginning of the 20th century . The area of ​​the actual ore mine is protected here in three different cities and districts because the borders meet here. The specialty of the nature reserve is the violet calamine pansy ( Viola guestphalica ).

description

The NSG records parts of the pits of the ore mine and other areas a little further away on the Waschebach in the urban area of ​​Warburg. The Bleikuhlen nature reserve is adjacent to the northern part of the Paderborn district . It was not until 2014 that the Bleikuhlen nature reserve was designated as an independent NSG with the Lichtenau landscape plan . The ore mine dump is protected in the Bleikuhle nature reserve in the Marsberg urban area in the Hochsauerland district . In the NSG there is a heavy metal lawn with the violet calamine pansy.

Purple calamine pansy

In the NSG the violet calamine pansy ( Viola guestphalica ) occurs. The violet calamine pansy occurs worldwide only in one place of growth in the border area of ​​the Paderborn, Höxter and Hochsauerlandkreis districts. The entire occurrence is located in the FFH area Bleikuhlen and Waschebachtal of 71 hectares. One of the main protection goals of the area is, in addition to the preservation of the existing heavy metal lawn , the networking and restoration of heavy metal lawn in suitable locations in the protected area. The FFH area is made up of parts of four nature reserves. This is the Bleikuhlen and Waschebachtal nature reserve designated by the Detmold district government in 1969 . Since 2014, the area in the Paderborn district has been separately designated as the Bleikuhlen nature reserve. In addition to the two 2008 reported from Hochsauerlandkreis areas nature reserve Wäschenbach / Tieberg and the nature reserve Lead Kuhle .

The violet calamine pansy grows in open, extremely low-nitrogen grassland naturally contaminated with heavy metals on dry and semi-dry lawns in partially shaded to sunny places in heavy metal lawns . In addition to the lead hollows, the former opencast mine, and the spoil dump, it grows below the lead hollows in a meadow in the Waschebach valley that is contaminated with heavy metals. In the NSG Waschebachtal / Tieberg, the two meadows with the occurrence of the violet calamine pansy are mowed annually by the Association for Nature and Bird Protection in the Hochsauerlandkreis (VNV) to prevent encroachment or reforestation and thus the disappearance of the species.

See also

• List of nature reserves in North Rhine-Westphalia
• List of FFH areas in North Rhine-Westphalia

Web links

Commons : Bleikuhlen nature reserve and Waschebachtal  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Nature reserve “Bleikuhlen und Waschebachtal” in the specialist information system of the State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection in North Rhine-Westphalia
• Registration form for the FFH area "Bleikuhlen and Waschebachtal"

Individual evidence

1. ^ Richard Götte: Flora in the east of the Sauerland , Association for nature and bird protection in the Hochsauerlandkreis 2007, ISBN 978-3-00-021099-0 , p. 152.

Coordinates: 51 ° 31 ′ 23 "  N , 8 ° 54 ′ 41"  E