New salt works
The new salt works in Bad Reichenhall , district of Berchtesgadener Land , Bavaria , is a salt works of the Südwestdeutsche Salzwerke AG . In it , the brine from the Berchtesgaden salt mine, which is pumped to Bad Reichenhall via a brine pipe, and from the boreholes in Bad Reichenhall, are used to boil the Bad Reichenhall salt products. The Neue Saline gradually took over production from the Alte Saline between 1926 and 1929 .
It is proven that Bad Reichenhall has been producing salt without interruption since the year 696. This makes the salt works one of the oldest companies in the world.
history
At the beginning of the 20th century, the competitive pressure on the salt market increased, as the inexpensive rock salt obtained by mining became more and more successful and the evaporated salt threatened to be displaced. As early as 1892, the energy supply for the old salt works was switched from wood to hard coal . In the course of rationalization measures, the Traunstein salt works were closed in 1912 and Berchtesgaden-Frohnreuth in 1927. Since then, all of the brine from the Berchtesgaden salt mine has been flowing to Bad Reichenhall.
The buildings of the old salt works in Bad Reichenhall were not suitable for the installation of modern technical systems, which is why new buildings were erected on the edge of the old town of Bad Reichenhall. The first groundbreaking took place in 1925 and after a construction period of one and a half years, the so-called New Saline was completed in 1926. Production began on September 14, 1926 and was gradually relocated to the new company premises until 1929. In the meantime (1927) the State Saltworks Administration became part of the Bayerische Berg-, Hütten- und Salzwerke AG (BHS AG). By equipping it with an evaporation system based on the heat pump principle , in addition to the conventional boiling pans, costs could be saved and the capacity of the company expanded.
The heat pump system was operated with electricity from a hydropower plant specially built near Jettenberg . Around 12,000 tons of pan salt and 9,000 tons of evaporated salt were produced from the evaporator system each year. Thanks to its own rail connection to the Freilassing – Berchtesgaden railway line , both the coal as fuel and the products could be delivered quickly. In the 1940s, the salt sales rose sharply, which is why the technical improvements were made to the systems and the directly heated pans were replaced by a steam-heated pan system. On August 4, 1943, a fire destroyed large parts of the Neue Saline. Two months later, production was temporarily resumed.
After the Second World War, the demand for salt increased due to advancing industrialization. The crude salt production was expanded, the evaporation plant was expanded to include a vacuum system. In the mid-1950s, annual production was 55,000 tons. In 1957 the brand “Bad Reichenhaller Spezialsalz” was created and in the following years the brand “Bad Reichenhaller Brandensalz” was successfully introduced throughout the Federal Republic of Germany. The development of new products and customer-specific forms of packaging was consistently pursued.
For reasons of rationalization, the outdated saltworks in Rosenheim was closed in 1958 and Bavarian salt production was thus concentrated on Bad Reichenhall. Since 1961, a new brine pipeline from Berchtesgaden over the Hallthurm Pass has replaced the old pipeline that had been running over the Schwarzbachwacht since 1817 . In 1965, heavy heating oil replaced coal as fuel. In 1968 a salt warehouse was built with a capacity of 12,000 tons for de-icing salt for road spreading. The technical systems were continuously renewed in the 1960s and their performance increased. The energy-intensive pan salting plants had had their day in 1974. With decreasing energy consumption, annual production rose to 220,000 tons. In 1984 the energy supply was switched to natural gas.
From 1968 to 1972 exploration drillings were carried out for the additional extraction of natural brine. At the end of the 1980s, the evaporation plant was replaced by an environmentally friendly thermocompression plant. New warehouse buildings were built for the range, which had grown to 190 items.
BHS was taken over in 1991 by the "Süddeutsche Kalkstickstoffwerke" ( SKW Trostberg AG ). In 1995 the Bad Reichenhall saltworks were incorporated into Südsalz GmbH. From 2001 the Südwestdeutsche Salzwerke AG held the majority in this. To simplify the group structure, Südsalz GmbH was merged with other companies into Südwestdeutsche Salzwerke AG in 2016. In order to be able to withstand the pressure of the salt market, rationalization measures have been implemented in recent years.
Products
The Bad Reichenhaller brand salt (today: Alpensalz ) has a market share of over 50%. Salt has a special position on the market, which results in a monopoly- like situation. This is due to the fact that in addition to Bad Reichenhaller brand salt, the retail trade usually only has one other, unnamed own brand of table salt on offer and the brand can therefore achieve significantly higher prices and also has a comparatively high market share.
The best known products are the Alpine salt without additives, the Alpine iodized salt with iodine , with iodine and fluoride as well as with iodine, fluoride and folic acid . The alpine salt is also available as a coarse variant without additives in mills and in various spice salt mixtures.
The Alpensaline product line is traditionally scooped by hand in a simmering pan and contains neither separating agents nor additives, but is also available with organic herbs, flowers or spices added.
literature
- Südsalz GmbH (Ed.): 75 years of the new Bad Reichenhall salt works. 2001
- Fritz Hofmann : The salt and the heat pump - 65 years of the Neue Saline. Heimatblätter 6/1990
- Johannes Lang : History of Bad Reichenhall. 2009. pp. 76-89, 715-717, 829-830
- Association for local history Bad Reichenhall (ed.): The powder tower. 2015. pp. 16-18, 43-46
- Johannes Lang: One of the oldest companies in the world , Heimatblätter dated September 26, 2016 as a supplement to the Reichenhaller Tagblatt
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ History - Brief outline of historical data on the saltworks in Bad Reichenhall, online at bad-reichenhaller.de
- ↑ Fire of the Neue Saline in Reichenbachstraße on feuerwehr-bad-reichenhall.de, accessed on August 19, 2018
- ↑ German Bundestag Printed Matter 13/1660 of 14 June 1995
Coordinates: 47 ° 43 ′ 25.2 " N , 12 ° 52 ′ 21.9" E