Nine City Federation

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

From the middle of the 14th century , cities in the Mainz Oberstift were merged to form the Neunstadtebund .

The cities that first appeared in 1346 as the “nine cities” of the Mainz upper monastery were Amorbach , Aschaffenburg , Buchen , Dieburg , Külsheim , Miltenberg , Seligenstadt , Tauberbischofsheim and Walldürn . During this time the cities developed a similar constitutional historical development, a communal self-government ( council constitution ) developed in cooperation and opposition to the sovereign , the Archbishop of Mainz , and the Mainz cathedral chapter . The rural towns emancipated themselves further from the sovereign in the course of the 15th century, among other things through the right of tax collection and approval, and established themselves alongside the cathedral chapter and the nobility as a country estate in the archbishopric territory.

During the Peasants' War , cities such as Tauberbischofsheim took the side of the rebellious peasants, partly by force, partly voluntarily (1525). The siege of Aschaffenburg by the farmers reflects the complicated triangle of forces between the sovereign governor, the city authorities and the farmers. The advance of the Neckartal-Odenwälder farmers then led to the final connection of the "nine cities" ( Amorbach declaration , contract between farmers and cities or pen on May 5th and 7th, 1525). The intervention of the Swabian Federation from the 2nd half of May 1525 ended the Peasants' War in the Mainz Oberstift. The cities had to submit to state rule like Tauberbischofsheim on June 13th. The end of urban self-government and rural co-determination came for the “nine cities” with the archbishop's decrees of 1527 and 1528, which were also accompanied by the de facto dissolution of the city union.

The Mainz upper monastery was then only an administrative district. From these cities z. B. the Taubertaler Haufen and the Odenwald-Neckartaler Haufen great support. For example, Georg Metzler campaigned for support for the peasant movement in his inn “Zum Ochsen” in Ballenberg.

literature

  • Norbert Höbelheinrich: The "9 cities" of the Mainzer Oberstift. Their constitutional development and their participation in the peasant war. 1346–1527 (= Between Neckar and Main. Vol. 18, ISSN  0723-7545 ). Bezirksmuseum, Buchen 1939 (reprint. Olms, Hildesheim et al. 1994, ISBN 3-487-09838-5 ).
  • Günter Christ, Georg May: Archbishopric and Archdiocese of Mainz. Territorial and ecclesiastical structures , in: Friedhelm Jürgensmeier (ed.): Handbuch der Mainzer Kirchengeschichte 2 (= contributions to Mainz church history. Vol. 6), Mainz 1997.
  • Wolf-Heino Struck: The peasant war on the Middle Rhine and in Hesse. Representations and sources (= publications of the Historical Commission for Nassau, Vol. 21), Wiesbaden 1975.
  • Eckhart G. Franz : Hessen and Kurmainz in the revolution 1525. On the role of the early modern state in the peasant war. In: Hermann Bannach, Hans-Peter Lachmann (Hrsg.): From history and its auxiliary sciences. Festschrift for Walter Heinemeyer on his 65th birthday (= publications of the Hist. Commission for Hesse , vol. 40), Marburg 1979, pp. 628–652.