Külsheim

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Külsheim
Külsheim
Map of Germany, position of the city of Külsheim highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 40 '  N , 9 ° 31'  E

Basic data
State : Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region : Stuttgart
County : Main-Tauber district
Height : 327 m above sea level NHN
Area : 81.46 km 2
Residents: 5122 (December 31, 2018)
Population density : 63 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 97900
Area code : 09345
License plate : TBB, MGH
Community key : 08 1 28 064
LOCODE : DE KIM

City administration address : 		Kirchbergweg 7
97900 Külsheim
Website : www.kuelsheim.de
Mayor : Thomas Schreglmann
Location of the city of Külsheim in the Main-Tauber district
Ahorn Assamstadt Bad Mergentheim Boxberg Creglingen Freudenberg Großrinderfeld Grünsfeld Igersheim Igersheim Königheim Külsheim Lauda-Königshofen Niederstetten Tauberbischofsheim Weikersheim Werbach Wertheim Wittighausenmap
About this picture
Külsheim from the west
Aerial photo of Hundheim (2008)
Aerial view of Hundheim and Steinbach

Külsheim (in the dialect Külse ) is a town in the Main-Tauber district in the Franconian north-east of Baden-Württemberg . Külsheim is nicknamed Brunnenstadt because there are 18 fountains in the city. The three-bowl fountain, located in the center, also adorns the coat of arms of the city of Külsheim.

geography

City structure

The formerly independent communities Eiersheim , Hundheim , Külsheim, Steinbach , Steinfurt and Uissigheim belong to Külsheim :

f1Georeferencing Map with all coordinates of the places in the city of Külsheim: OSM

  • Eiersheim only includes the village of Eiersheim ( ⊙ ), which was first mentioned in a document in 1233. Eiersheim was incorporated into the city of Külsheim on September 1, 1971.
  • In addition to the village of Hundheim ( ⊙ ), the farms Birkhof ( ⊙ ) and Tiefental (erhof) ( ⊙ ) and the monument settlement ( ⊙ ) residential area belong to the former municipality of Hundheim . Hundheim was first mentioned in 1214. In the German war between Prussia and Austria , a battle took place here on July 23, 1866 as part of the Main campaign . Hundheim was incorporated into the city of Külsheim on July 1, 1971.
Sandstone figure of the cross-laden Jesus from 1889 at the entrance to Steinbach
  • In addition to the core town of Külsheim ( ⊙ ), the abandoned hamlet of Wolferstetten (er Hof) ( ⊙ ) and the commercial park ( ⊙ ) and Roter Rain ( ⊙ ) residential areas, as well as the abandoned localities of Betzwiesen and Hildbrandszell, belong to the old community of Külsheim even before the community reforms from 1971 onwards .
  • In addition to the village of Steinbach ( ⊙ ), the farms Hinterer Meßhof ( ⊙ ) and Vorderer Meßhof ( ⊙ ) as well as the abandoned farms Gickelhof ( ⊙ ) and Otterhof ( ⊙ ) belong to the former municipality of Steinbach . Steinbach, like Hundheim, was first mentioned in a document in 1214. Steinbach was incorporated into the city of Külsheim together with the Steinfurt community on January 1, 1975.
  • Only the village of Steinfurt ( ⊙ ), which was first mentioned in a document in 1245, belongs to Steinfurt . Initially belonging to Hardheim , the place only became independent in 1882. Steinfurt was incorporated into the city of Külsheim together with the Steinbach community on January 1, 1975.
  • In addition to the village of Uissigheim ( ⊙ ), the Maisenbach settlement ( ⊙ ) also belongs to Uissigheim . Uissigheim was first mentioned in a document as early as 1165 and is therefore the oldest district after the core city. Uissigheim was incorporated into the city of Külsheim on December 1, 1972.

geology

The border between the red sandstone of the Odenwald and the shell limestone of the Bau- und Tauberland runs right through the area of ​​the administrative unit Stadt Külsheim, striking southwest-northeast . The actual place Külsheim is almost completely still in the outcrop of the Upper Buntsandstein . The Lower Muschelkalk builds a wooded plateau in the southeastern, largely uninhabited part of the administrative unit, the highest point of which is 428.5 m above sea level ( ⊙ ) north of the hamlet of Wolferstetten, near the former location of the land tower.

Protected areas

In Külsheim there is a European bird sanctuary , a landscape and a nature reserve .

The Made and Taubenloch area is a 5.9 hectare nature reserve . This lies on the districts of Eiersheim and Külsheim. The landscape protection area Wertheim with a typical Main Franconian red sandstone landscape lies partly in the district of Külsheim. Since 2007, the European bird sanctuary Heiden und Wälder Tauberland (protected area identifier DE-6323-441) has included parts of the urban area.

The FFH areas of Lower Taubertal , Northwestern Tauberland and Brehmbach and Odenwald and Hardheim building land are partly located in the district of Külsheim. In addition, there are a total of ten objects protected as natural monuments in the area of ​​the city of Külsheim (see also the list of natural monuments in Külsheim ).

The water protection area Pfaffenbrunnen Külsheim designated with the ordinance of 23 September 2003 with the WSG no. 128139 covers a protected area of ​​1,477.37 hectares. This makes it one of the larger water protection areas in the Main-Tauber district .

Division of space

According to data from the State Statistical Office , as of 2014.

history

middle Ages

Külsheim was first mentioned in 1144 under the name Cullesheim . During the time of the tribal duchies it belonged to the Duchy of Franconia . It fell to Kurmainz in 1255 . In 1292 Adolf von Nassau granted Külsheim town charter . In 1346 the city joined the League of Nine Cities . After changing ownership - among other things, the place temporarily belonged to the Counts of Wertheim - Külsheim finally fell to Kurmainz in 1480 through an arbitration ruling by the Count Palatine.

Modern times

During the Peasants' War , Götz von Berlichingen occupied the place with a peasant army. Raids with looting during the Thirty Years' War occurred mainly from autumn 1631 by marauding mercenaries. As part of the secularization due to the Reichsdeputation Hauptschluss , Külsheim came to the newly formed Principality of Leiningen in 1803 and finally to the Grand Duchy of Baden in 1806 .

During the revolution of 1848/49 there was also material hardship in Külsheim and resistance to the restrictions on freedom arose. The displeasure discharged against the Princely House of Leiningen and administrations were attacked and documents were publicly burned, so that finally troops marched in and billeted themselves here as well. However, as the end of the medieval agrarian constitution was decided only a week later , the uprising was over. It is true that a people's association was founded in Külsheim , which soon had 30 members; However, the political uprising did not take place here as it did in the rest of the country, so only ten citizens were "persecuted under martial law", eight from Hundheim, six from Steinbach and one from Uissigheim. Külsheim was occupied by the military and three municipal councilors lost their office because they were no longer classified as reliable. The district notary, Eugen Fecht, who was wanted on a wanted list, was the ringleader.

At the time of National Socialism, the "fountain baptism" took place on September 2, 1939 at the fountain by the old town hall, which served as a meeting place for the Jewish men on the Sabbath. The male Jews remaining in Külsheim were forcibly dipped into the town hall fountain. As part of the Wagner-Bürckel campaign , the last 13 Jews were deported from the city on October 22, 1940 to the Gurs concentration camp in the French Basque Country.

According to the personal notes of Pastor Ludwig Hofmann, at the end of March 1945 "a whole General Staff" was quartered in Külsheim. 1 A radio station for the Wertheim airfield is said to have been housed in Külsheim Castle and part of the Mannheim telegraph office has been relocated to the city. By March 30, 8 p.m., however, all German soldiers had left the city. At 2 a.m. that same night, the first American tanks had already arrived on Bronnbacher Strasse. The citizens Lorenz Göbel and Max Knapp went towards them with a white flag, which presumably saved the place from being shot at. On March 31, German planes briefly fired at the American columns heading towards Uissigheim without having any effect. In the night of April 1 and in the afternoon of the next day, attacks by German planes took place over Külsheim, but these were driven off again by American fighters.

The Külsheim Castle

Külsheim was the location of the Bundeswehr and garrison town. The long history of Külsheim as a garrison town ended in September 2006, the last units based here, namely the 363 tank battalion, the tank pioneer company 300 and the Külsheim medical center were dissolved and the Prinz-Eugen barracks closed with them .

Population development

The total population of the city of Külsheim developed as follows:

year population
1961 4778
1970 5870
1991 5712
1995 5986
2005 5743
2010 5437
2015 5187

Sources: Directory of municipalities and information from the State Statistical Office

City Archives

The archive of the city of Külsheim was incorporated into the sub-archive of the Main-Tauber district in the Main-Tauber archive network . The archive network was set up in 1988 in the former hospital of the Bronnbach monastery under the auspices of the Wertheim State Archive, which was founded in 1978 .

religion

City Church of St. Martin

Christianity

The Reformation largely bypassed Külsheim , so that the city is still predominantly Roman Catholic today. In addition to the five Catholic churches, there is also a Protestant congregation in the city today. The Catholic churches belong to the pastoral care unit Külsheim-Bronnbach in the deanery Tauberbischofsheim of the Archdiocese of Freiburg .

Judaism

There was a Jewish community in Külsheim since the Middle Ages (persecution of Jews in 1298, 1337 and 1348/49) and in modern times until 1940. On October 22, 1940, the last 13 Jewish residents from Külsheim were deported to the Gurs concentration camp .

politics

mayor

Old town hall (1522) with town hall fountain
Nocturnal view from Kattenberg to Külsheim

Thomas Schreglmann has been mayor since 2011.

Municipal council

The parish council typically has 18 honorary members who are elected for five years. The number of members can increase through compensatory seats (total 2019: 20 seats; 2014: 21). In addition, the mayor acts as the municipal council chairman with voting rights.

The Unechte Teilorteschahl guarantees the districts a fixed number of seats: at least nine councils from Külsheim-Stadt, at least two councils from Hundheim, Uissigheim, Eiersheim and Steinbach and at least one council from Steinfurt.

The 2019 local elections led to the following result (in brackets: difference to 2014):

Municipal Council 2019
Party / list Share of votes Seats
CDU 51.7% (−2.1) 10 (−1)
FWV 33.6% (+0.5) 7 (± 0)
SPD 14.6% (+1.5) 3 (± 0)
Turnout: 67.5% (+2.9)

badges and flags

The blazon of the coat of arms reads: In blue on a two-tiered base, a golden three-bowl fountain, with a rising and split silver water jet at the top and two silver water jets falling into the middle and four into the lower basin. The city flag is green and white.

From 1299 the city seal initially showed the image of a bishop, presumably the church patron St. Martin . From the middle of the 14th century, the Mainz wheel was used as the symbol of power at that time, followed by the Leiningen eagle from 1803 to 1806 , next to which the three capital letters "K" were attached. The fountain has been used as a city seal since around 1836.

In 1898, at the request of the city, the coat of arms was retained when the General State Archives in Karlsruhe checked, redesigned and determined the color of the coat of arms. On September 16, 1980, the district office gave the city the right to fly its current flag.

Town twinning

In addition, the city had been sponsoring the U 18 submarine of the German Navy since 1974 . As a visible sign of solidarity, a buoy was set up on urban property, a gift from the U 18 crew.

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

economy

After the Prinz-Eugen-Kaserne was dissolved in 2006, the area including the buildings on it was acquired by the City of Külsheim and now represents Business Park II. This is managed by the business development company "Business Area Külsheim GmbH", BAK, which belongs to the city .

Business Park III Taubenbaum is in the immediate vicinity on the other side of the L509 road.

education

With the Pater Alois Grimm School (PAGS), Külsheim has a primary and community school . PAGS is one of 34 starter schools that became the first community schools in Baden-Württemberg from the 2012/2013 school year. There is a primary school in the suburb of Uissigheim. The elementary school in the Hundheim suburb was closed at the end of the 2008/2009 school year. The children affected are now attending the Pater Alois Grimm School. There are also five Roman Catholic and one Protestant kindergartens.

Culture and sights

Buildings and monuments

Memorials

The name of a school, a street and two memorial plaques on the town church and on the parental home on Feuerwehrstraße (today Pater-Alois-Grimm-Straße) are reminiscent of the Catholic pastor and opponent of Hitler, Alois Grimm , who was murdered in 1944.

In July 2014 has Gunter Demnig in Külsheim stumbling blocks placed Jews from some houses of abducted and murdered Külsheimer. This project was initiated by students from the local Pater Alois Grimm School.

Geotourism

Sandstone slab with chirotherium on Bronnbacher Strasse

Around 240 million year old footprints of the genus Chirotherium in the red sandstone near Külsheim are the subject of geotourism . Chirotheria are footprints left by prehistoric reptiles, who are among the common ancestors of dinosaurs and today's crocodiles . A sandstone slab made of red quartzite exhibited on Bronnbacher Straße, about 1 kilometer north of Külsheim, shows several intersecting tracks. The exhibit is one of the starting points of a 5.5-kilometer-long geological and natural history trail , the so-called dinosaur hiking trail .

Another trace fossil with local celebrities, which probably comes from the same reptile species that also produced Chirotherium , is exhibited in a showcase in the knight's hall of the castle (now the city administration). It is a swimming track from the red quartzite of the rock gardens in the local area of ​​Külsheim.

Recreation

About two kilometers northeast of Külsheim there is a Kneipp facility in the Amorsbachtal . A spring rises in a Marian grotto that feeds the pool of the Kneipp facility with water.

Biking and hiking trails

Külsheim is on the Liebliches Taubertal cycle path - the sporty one .

Regular events

  • 12-hour mountain bike race in Külsheim
  • Large market: 5-day folk festival with parade and political morning pint. On or after the birth of Mary.
  • Burgkurzweyl: Authentic medieval market (every three years on two weekends in May).
  • Külsheimer Weindorf: Wine festival with a historical ambience in the inner city of Külsheim.
  • Wine festival: Wine festival at the "Hohen Herrgott" in the Külsheim vineyard. With the crowning of the wine queen of the year.
  • Christmas market: Christmas market in downtown Külsheim, around the three-bowl fountain. On two weekends in Advent.

Personalities

literature

  • Elmar Weiss, Irmtraut Edelmann, Helmuth Lauf (authors): History of the well town of Külsheim . Two volumes. City of Külsheim (ed.). Tauberbischofsheim, FN Druck 1992.
    • Volume 1 . With contributions by Dieter Frank, Walter Dietz, Pastor Franz Gehrig , Herwig John, Fritz Krug.
    • Volume 2 . With contributions from Pastor Gehrig, Herwig John, Günther Kuhn .

Web links

Commons : Külsheim  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Külsheim  - travel guide

Remarks

1According to Hofmann's report, the commanding officer was a certain "General Knight's Cross Holder Ehrenbrecht". Such a person does not exist according to the relevant databases. However, they name two people who could be considered: Major General Heinz-Joachim Werner-Ehrenfeucht , who, however, is not said to have been a bearer of the Knight's Cross, and General of the Artillery Erwin Engelbrecht , bearer of the Knight 's Cross and from September 1944 until the end of the war commanding general of the “Higher Command” Saarpfalz ". Both people came into American captivity. It is ultimately unclear which of the two people Hofman reports.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
  2. ^ Main-Tauber-Kreis: Main-Tauber-Kreis: Cities and municipalities. Online at www.main-tauber-kreis.de, accessed on October 25, 2014
  3. ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume IV: Stuttgart district, Franconian and East Württemberg regional associations. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1980, ISBN 3-17-005708-1 , pp. 324-328.
  4. ↑ Eiersheim - Altgemeinde ~ Teilort - detail page - LEO-BW. In: leo-bw.de. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  5. ↑ a b c Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 480 .
  6. ↑ Hundheim - Altgemeinde ~ Teilort - detail page - LEO-BW. In: leo-bw.de. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  7. ↑ Birkhof - living space - detail page - LEO-BW. In: leo-bw.de. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  8. ↑ Tiefental - living space - detail page - LEO-BW. In: leo-bw.de. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  9. ↑ Monument settlement - residential space - detail page - LEO-BW. In: leo-bw.de. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  10. ↑ Külsheim - Altgemeinde ~ Teilort - detail page - LEO-BW. In: leo-bw.de. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  11. ↑ Wolferstettener Hof - up - detail page - LEO-BW. In: leo-bw.de. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  12. ↑ Business park - residential space - detail page - LEO-BW. In: leo-bw.de. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  13. ↑ Roter Rain - living space - detail page - LEO-BW. In: leo-bw.de. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  14. ↑ Betzwiesen - desert - detail page - LEO-BW. In: leo-bw.de. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  15. ↑ Hildbrandszell - Wüstung - detail page - LEO-BW. In: leo-bw.de. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  16. ↑ Steinbach - Altgemeinde ~ Teilort - detail page - LEO-BW. In: leo-bw.de. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  17. ↑ Hinterer Meßhof - living space - detail page - LEO-BW. In: leo-bw.de. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  18. ↑ Vorderer Meßhof - living space - detail page - LEO-BW. In: leo-bw.de. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  19. ↑ Gickelhof - living space - detail page - LEO-BW. In: leo-bw.de. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  20. ↑ Otterhof - up - detail page - LEO-BW. In: leo-bw.de. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  21. ↑ a b Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 453 .
  22. ↑ Steinfurt - Altgemeinde ~ Teilort - detail page - LEO-BW. In: leo-bw.de. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  23. ↑ Uissigheim - Altgemeinde ~ Teilort - detail page - LEO-BW. In: leo-bw.de. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  24. ↑ Maisenbach settlement - living space - detail page - LEO-BW. In: leo-bw.de. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  25. ↑ Digital topographic map of Baden-Württemberg, 1: 25,000, Geoportal Baden-Württemberg ( link to the corresponding map excerpt )
  26. ↑ Brief historical outline of the hamlet of Wolferstetten, "based on a brochure from the Heimatverein Brehmbachtal, Königheim" ( PDF 50 kB), hosted on the local history website hardheim.info, p. 3
  27. ↑ Reinhard Wolf , Ulrike Kreh (ed.): The nature reserves in the Stuttgart administrative region . Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2007.
  28. ↑ Ordinance of the Ministry of Food and Rural Areas establishing European Bird Protection Areas (VSG-VO) of February 5, 2010.
  29. ↑ State Statistical Office, area since 1988 according to actual use for Külsheim.
  30. ↑ Max Döllner (1950), pp. 234-238.
  31. ↑ Peter Riffenach: Black, red, gold also wafted in Külsheim . In: Wertheimer Zeitung of September 13, 2011
  32. ↑ In the footsteps of Jewish citizens. In: Fränkische Nachrichten of July 20, 2002
  33. ^ "Because Auschwitz was not finished yet." In: Fränkische Nachrichten of October 16, 2010
  34. ^ Külsheim 1945 - The last days of the war and the arrival of the Americans. Eyewitness report by Pastor Ludwig Hofmann from Külsheim on the website of the hobby genealogist Otto Karl Spengler, published under the title When the Americans moved in, not a single shot was fired in the Franconian News of April 2, 2005
  35. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 .
  36. ↑ Main-Tauber archive network - Bronnbach Monastery Cultural Office. Hotel, conference, overnight stay, events, nature. In: kloster-bronnbach.de. Retrieved May 24, 2020 .
  37. ↑ Extended magazine inaugurated in the archive network. In: main-tauber-kreis.de. Retrieved May 24, 2020 .
  38. ^ State archive Wertheim - State archive Baden-Württemberg. In: landesarchiv-bw.de. Retrieved May 24, 2020 .
  39. ^ A b Alemannia Judaica: Külsheim (Main-Tauber-Kreis) / Jewish history / prayer hall / synagogue . Online at www.alemannia-judaica.de. Retrieved December 1, 2015.
  40. ↑ cf. City of Külsheim: distribution of seats in municipal council elections 2019 ; accessed July 2, 2019.
  41. ^ State Statistical Office of Baden-Württemberg: Municipal elections 2019, City of Külsheim ; City of Külsheim: municipal council election 2019 ; FN-Web , May 26, 2019: Result of the 2019 municipal council election in Külsheim ; accessed July 2, 2019.
  42. ↑ Source for the section coat of arms and flag:
    Heinz Bardua: The district and community coat of arms     in the Stuttgart administrative region . Theiss, Stuttgart 1987, ISBN 3-8062-0801-8 (district and municipality coat of arms in Baden-Württemberg, 1). P. 89.
  43. ^ A b c Elmar Weiss, Irmtraut Edelmann, Helmuth Lauf (authors): History of the well town of Külsheim. Two volumes. City of Külsheim (ed.). Tauberbischofsheim, FN Druck 1992. Volume 2. With contributions by Pastor Gehrig, Herwig John, Günther Kuhn. P. 333 f.
  44. ^ Business Park II. City of Külsheim, accessed on July 23, 2013 .
  45. ^ Business park III Taubenbaum. City of Külsheim, accessed on July 23, 2013 .
  46. ↑ Complete list of the starter schools of the community school at kultusportal-bw.de (PDF; 39 kB; accessed on March 11, 2012)
  47. ^ Fränkische Nachrichten: Decision to close the primary school . April 29, 2009. Online at www.fnweb.de. Retrieved December 5, 2019.
  48. ↑ Memorial sites for the victims of National Socialism. A documentation, Vol. I, Bonn 1995, p. 53, ISBN 3-89331-208-0 .
  49. ↑ Stolpersteine ​​in Külsheim - Source: Fränkischen Nachrichten, July 11, 2014. Photos by Hans-Peter Wagner (hpw)
  50. ↑ Newspaper clipping from March 2013 on the handover of the piece to the city of Külsheim and images of the piece as well as an image of the corresponding display board in the knight's hall (compiled as PDF, hosted on Google Drive )
  51. ↑ Outdooractive: Kneipp facility in Külsheim . Online at www.outdooractive.com. Retrieved August 6, 2018.
  52. ↑ "The Sportive" - ​​Tourist Association Liebliches Taubertal. In: liebliches-taubertal.de. Retrieved August 3, 2020 .
  53. ↑ 2nd day stage - Freudenberg to Külsheim - Liebliches Taubertal tourist office. In: liebliches-taubertal.de. Retrieved August 3, 2020 .
  54. ↑ Big market. City of Külsheim, accessed on July 23, 2013 .
  55. ↑ Burgkurzweyl. City of Külsheim, accessed on June 16, 2019 .
  56. ↑ Wine festivals. City of Külsheim, accessed on July 23, 2013 .
  57. ↑ Christmas market. City of Külsheim, accessed on July 23, 2013 .