Nieuwe Republiek

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Nieuwe Republiek
New republic
1884-1888
Flag of Nieuwe Republiek.svg
Vryheid wapen.jpg
Official language Dutch
Capital Vryheid
Form of government republic
Head of state , also head of government President Lucas Johannes Meyer
currency South African pond
independence August 16, 1884
Map of the New Republic.jpg

The Nieuwe Republiek ( Dutch for New Republic ) was one of the short-lived Boer republics of the 19th century on the territory of what is now the Republic of South Africa .

It existed with the proclamation of its independence on August 16, 1884 until July 20, 1888 and was located on the northern edge of today's province of KwaZulu-Natal .

history

Boer and British mercenaries had helped the Zulu ruler Dinuzulu ka Cetshwayo in 1884 to defeat his rival for the throne, Usibepu. Dinuzulu then gave them land and management rights on the banks of the Mfolozi River . On August 5, 1884, the Volksraad der Nieuwe Republiek, the parliament , was formed there . The mercenaries founded a new community and on August 16, 1884, proclaimed their "Nieuwe Republiek" (New Republic) with a capital , which on September 23, 1884 was named Vryheid (Freedom). The written agreement with Dinuzulu about the land transfer was also concluded on August 16, 1884. The Boer General Lucas Johannes Meyer became the first and only President of the state . When Great Britain claimed the bordering Santa Lucia Bay to the east , the government of the Nieuwe Republiek tried to defy it and declared the bay a free port on April 30, 1885 . The British managed to take possession of it.

Lucas Meyer, Boer General and President of the Nieuwe Republiek

The system of government was based on that Transvaal and the laws were based on those there. Because many of the settlers came from the Transvaal, relatively soon there was a desire for unification. In April 1888, the government contacted them. On July 20, 1888, the two governments in Vryheid signed an agreement on the merger. The small state was dissolved and incorporated into the South African Republic . At the end of the Second Boer War , the area was integrated into the Natal Province .

Web links

Commons : Nieuwe Republiek  - collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

  • Johannes Lodewikus Kruger Heystek: The Nieuwe Republiek . University of Pretoria, Pretoria 1944.
  • H. Wichmann: The New Republic. In: Dr. A. Petermann's communications from Justus Perthes' geographical institute. Volume 31, 1885, pp. 426-429.
  • Basil James Trewin Leverton, John A. Pringle (Eds.): The Pioneers of Vryheid. The Nieuwe Republiek and its Staats Courant ( Occasional publications of the Natal Museum. Volume 1). Council of the Natal Museum, Pietermaritzburg 1974, ISBN 0-620-01205-6 .
  • Gerrit H. Jonkers: The New Republic in South Africa 1884-1888. A Historical Overview and an in-depth Investigation on its Stamps and Postal History . Schiedam, 1997, ISBN 90-90-10228-0 .
  • Graham Dominy: The New Republicans. A. Centennial Reappraisal of the 'Nieuwe Republiek' (1884-1888). In: Natalia. Volume 14, 1984, ISSN  0085-3674 , pp. 87-97 ( PDF file; 0.5 MB ).
  • Johannes Petrus Blignaut: The Ontstaan ​​en ontwikkeling van the Nieuwe Republiek. 1884-1888. Master's thesis, University of South Africa, Pretoria 1941.
  • Graham Dominy: The New Republicans. A Centennial Reappraisal of the 'Nieuwe Republiek' (1884-1888) In: Natalia. Number 14, 1984, pp. 87-97 ( PDF file; 0.5 MB ).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ The new republicans: a centennial reappraisal of the 'Nieuwe Republiek' (1884–1888) (English; PDF), accessed on December 30, 2015