Nikolai Alexandrovich Dobrolyubov

Nikolai Dobrolyubov

Nikolay Dobrolyubov ( Russian Николай Александрович Добролюбов ; born January 24, ^jul. / 5. February  1836 ^greg. In Nizhny Novgorod , † November 17 ^jul. / 29. November  1861 ^greg. In Saint Petersburg ) was a Russian literary critic, publicist, materialistic philosopher and revolutionary democrat.

biography

Dobrolyubov was born the son of a priest in Nizhny Novgorod on the Volga . From childhood he showed an extraordinary interest in literature and a great gift for writing. After attending a spiritual school in Nizhny Novgorod, Dobrolyubov went to the capital Saint Petersburg in 1853 and began studying at a pedagogical college, which he graduated four years later.

During his studies he belonged to an opposition student group and was involved in the publication of an illegal newspaper. In 1856 he met the authors Tschernyshevsky and Nekrasov . Soon afterwards, Dobrolyubov began working as one of the editors of the liberal literary magazine Sovremennik . There he published as the main author of a satire column, among other things, parodies and feature articles . Among his most famous works today are the reviews "What is Oblomovtum?" (Russian: "Что такое обломовщина?") to the novel " Oblomow " by Ivan Goncharov and "A ray of light in the realm of darkness" (Russian: "Луч света в тёмном царстве") to the work " Thunderstorm " Гроза “) by Alexander Ostrowski .

Graves of Georgi Plekhanov , Vissarion Belinsky and Nikolai Dobrolyubov (from left to right) in the Volkovskoye Cemetery

After Dobroljubow fell ill with tuberculosis in 1860 at the age of only 24 , he had to give up his editorial work and traveled to other European countries in order to receive medical treatment. After several months of residence and unsuccessful attempts at therapy in Germany, France, Switzerland and Italy, he returned to Petersburg in July 1861, where he died in November of the same year. He was buried in the Volkovskoye Cemetery.

Honors

In Russia, Ukraine and other states of the former Soviet Union, numerous streets, libraries and universities are named after Dobroljubov. B. Dobrolyubov Prospect in St. Petersburg , Dobrolyubov Streets in Moscow , Koenigsberg or Tver , the Dobrolyubov Library in Arkhangelsk or the Dobrolyubov State University in Nizhny Novgorod. There are monuments to Dobrolyubov in his native Nizhny Novgorod and St. Petersburg.

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In addition to satirical publications and parodies, Dobrolyubov wrote several articles on philosophical, literary, or historical topics, including the following:

• The first years of Peter the Great's reign (1858)
• The organic development of man in connection with his spiritual and moral activity (1858)
• Philosophical-psychological comparative consideration of the beginning and end of life (1858)
• Literary trifles of the past year (1859)
• What is oblomovship? (1859)
• A ray of light in the dark realm (on Ostrowski's plays ; 1859)
• The Inconceivable Strangeness (1860)
• The realm of darkness

Web links

Commons : Nikolai Dobrolyubov  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Literature by and about Nikolai Alexandrowitsch Dobroljubow in the catalog of the German National Library
• More detailed biography (Russian)
• Nikolai Dobroljubow in the anthology "Klub bis 40" about Russian poets who were not allowed to reach the age of forty (de)
• NA Dobroljubow - Selected philosophical writings

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Biographical Information Dobrolyubov, Nikolai A." . In: “ Mehring Verlag ”. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
2. ^ "Dobrolyubova Avenue" . In: “Saint Petersburg Encyclopaedia”. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
3. ↑ [ Archived copy ( memento of the original from January 28, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ]. Retrieved January 27, 2016. 
4. ↑ "Нижегородский государственный лингвистический университет имени Н.А. Добролюбова “ . Retrieved January 27, 2016.