Nikolaus Wilhelm Schröder

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Nikolaus Wilhelm Schröder (born August 22, 1721 in Marburg , † May 30, 1798 in Groningen ) was a German orientalist and librarian.

Life

The son of the Marburg professor Johann Joachim Schröder , had received the elementary basics of languages ​​and philosophical sciences from his father. Under this guidance, he began early in 1730 to take part in the reading activities of the University of Marburg , where he also gave his younger brother Johann Wilhelm Schröder appropriate lessons. Above all, Johann Adolph Hartmann (1680–1744) and Christian Wolff at the philosophical faculty, as well as Johann Sigmund Kirchmeier (1674–1749) and Franz Ulrich Ries (1695–1755) at the theological faculty, had a formative influence on the young Schröder out.

In 1739 he made a trip to Saxony , where he stayed especially at the University of Leipzig . During this trip he had made copies of the oriental manuscripts that he found. He had the intention of publishing this collection. When he returned to Marburg, he obtained his master's degree in 1743 , then gave private lectures on oriental languages ​​and church history, and in the same year became associate professor of oriental languages. As such, he traveled to Holland, where he stayed at the University of Leiden with the important orientalist Albert Schultens (1686–1750), whose son-in-law he became.

When he returned to Marburg, he continued to read until he was appointed full professor of the Oriental and Greek languages ​​at the University of Groningen in 1748 . When Johannes Daniël van Lennep (1724–1771) was appointed professor of the Greek and Latin languages ​​in 1752 , Schröder renounced his professorship and received the professorship of Hebrew Antiquities, making him university librarian and inspector of the Latin schools in Groningen, which he did until his End of life remained.

Schröder was an excellent expert on the oriental languages ​​and their literature. His area of ​​expertise lay mainly in the Arabic and Persian regions, where he made a name for himself as a translator of some works. He also did antiquarian research and provided the floor plan for a larger work on church history, which, however, remained unpublished.

Works

  • Quatuor prima capita Geneseos, turcice et latine, ex gemino Pentateuchi Mosaici Mss. Codice Turcico eruit, latine vertit, notulasque adspersit. Leipzig 1739 online .
  • Diss. Inaug. de libertate Dei. Marburg 1743.
  • Programma academicum de antiqua linguae arabicae origine; et hino fluente intima ejus cum Ebraea consanguinitate. Marburg 1743.
  • Commentarius philologico-criticus de vestitu mulierum Hebraeorum, ad Isa. 3, 16-24, quo vocabulorum abstrusissimorum tenebras ad facem dialectorum discutere conatus est; praemissa praefatione Alberti Schultens. Leiden 1745, 1776.
  • Oratio de causis defectuum, quibus hodierna linguae Hebraeae cognitio laborat, optimaque eas tollendi ratione. Leiden 1745.
  • Diss. Da prima cultus divini publici institutione ad Genes. 4, 26. Leiden 1745.
  • Diss de tabarnaculi Molochi et Stella Dei Remphan, ad Lucae Actor. 7, 43. Leiden 1745.
  • Diss. De Eutichianismo et variis ejus sectis. Leiden 1746.
  • Diss. De Moabitide ecclesiae hospitio, ad Isa. 16, 3- 5. Leiden 1747.
  • Satura thesium philologicarum. Leiden 1747.
  • Oratio da fundamentis, quibus solida linguae Hebraeae cognitto superstruenda. Groningen 1743.
  • Diss. De confusione sermonis Babelica. Groningen 1752.
  • Diss. De voto Jephtae. Groningen 1753.
  • Diss. Philol. II Observationes de origine vocum quaruadam Hebraearum. Groningen 1755.1756.
  • Diss. Ad selecta Sacrae Scripturae loca. Groningen 1757.
  • Diss. De authentia quorundam Cetibbim. Groningen 1757.
  • Observationes selectae ad origines Hebraeas. Groningen 1762.
  • Diss.philologica exhibens Specimen observationum ad quaedam Veteris Testamenti loca. Groningen 1764.
  • Institutiones ad fundamenta linguae Hebraicae. Groningen 1766. 8. Volume II. Groningen 1775. 8. Volume III. Frankfurt (Ulm) 1778, Volume IV emendata. Ulm 1785, volume V aucta et emendata. Ulm 1792.
  • Diss. Philologica ad canticum Chabacuci, quod continetur Cap. III. Groningen 1781.
  • Institutiones ad fundamenta Chaldaismi biblici brevissime concinuatae, sive Appendix ad Fundamenta linguae Hebraicao a cel. Schraedero edita. Ulm 1787.
  • Oratio de causis Criticae, quae in sacro Veteris Testamenti codice exercitur, contemtae antehac et neglectae, nunc autem in pretio habitae, diligenterque excultae. Ulm 1787.

literature

  • Friedrich Karl Gottlob Hirsching : Historical literary handbook of famous and memorable people who lived in the eighteenth century. Verlag Schwickert, 1808, vol. 11, 1st department, p. 170, ( online ).
  • Heinrich Doering: The learned theologians of Germany in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Verlag Johann Karl Gottfried Wagner, 1835, Neustadt an der Orla, vol. 4, p. 39, ( online ).
  • Friedrich Wilhelm Strieder: Basis for a Hessian scholar and writer story. Verlag Griesbach, Kassel, 1802, vol. 13, p. 241 ( online ).
  • Johann Georg Meusel : Lexicon of the German writers who died from 1750 to 1800. Publisher Gerhard Fleischer d. J., Leipzig, 1812, Vol. 12, p. 457, ( [1] ).
  • Carl Gustav Adolf Siegfried:  Schroeder, Nicolaus Wilhelm . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 32, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1891, p. 524 f.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Schröder, Nikolaus Wilhelm
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German orientalist and librarian
DATE OF BIRTH August 22, 1721
PLACE OF BIRTH Marburg
DATE OF DEATH May 30, 1798
Place of death Groningen