Nicholas of Lyra

Nicolas de Lyra

Nikolaus von Lyra (* around 1270/75 in Lyra (Lyre, today: La Neuve-Lyre ) near Évreux in Normandy ; † 1349 in Paris ), Doctor planus et utilis , was a biblical theologian of the Middle Ages.

Life

Nicholas entered the Franciscan order around 1300 . He studied theology at the University of Paris , where he is attested as a bachelor's degree in a certificate from 1307 . In 1319 he was appointed Provincial of France and in 1326 of Burgundy. He died on October 23, 1349 in the Franciscan convent in Paris.

Because of his knowledge of Hebrew and rabbinical knowledge, it was believed that he was of Jewish origin. His ongoing commentary on the Bible Postillae perpetuae (between 1322 and 1330; published Rome 1471, 5 vols., And more often) - more than was otherwise the case in the Middle Ages - aimed at the literal sense and also specifically aimed at Jewish -exegetical traditions ( Rashi ) a. This Bible commentary was also used by Luther ( "Si Lyra non lyrasset, Lutherus non saltasset" ["If Lyra had not played, Luther would not have danced"]).

Works

Biblia: Cum postillis Nicolai de Lyra et expositionibus Guillelmi Britonis in omnes prologos S. Hieronymi et additionibus Pauli Burgensis replicisque Matthiae Doering. - Nuremberg: Anton Koberger, 1485. Digitized edition of the University and State Library Düsseldorf

Page from Biblia cum postillis Nicolai de Lyra , printed in Strasbourg in 1492.
Nikolaus von Lyra, Postilla super Pentateuchum . Vienna, Austrian National Library , Cod. 1518, fol. 1r. The manuscript was written in 1430.

Postillae perpetuae sive brevia commentaria in universa Biblia

Librum differentiarum Novi et Veteris Testamenti cum explicatione nominum hebraeorum
Libellum contra quemdam judaeum impugnantem Christi divinitatem, eiusque doctrinam ex verbis Evangelii secundum Mathaeum
Expositionem praeceptorum Decalogi
De corpore Christi librum unum
Tractatum de ídoneo ministrante et suscipiente Sanctissimum Sacramentum altaris
Tractatum alterum de visione divinae essentiae from animabus sanctis a corpore separatis
Tractatus tres vel quatuor de diversis materiis contra judaeos
Commentarios in quatuor libros Sententiarum
Quodlibeta Theologica
Postillas super Epistolas et Evangelia quadragesimalia
Sermones de Sanctis
Sermones de tempore
De Messia Ejusque Adventu Præterito

literature

Klaus Reinhardt: Nikolaus von Lyra. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 6, Bautz, Herzberg 1993, ISBN 3-88309-044-1 , Sp. 910-915. ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
Klaus Reinhardt, “The Work of Nicholas of Lyra in Medieval Spain”, Traditio 43 (1987): 321–358.

Web links

Commons : Nikolaus von Lyra - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Works by and about Nikolaus von Lyra in the German Digital Library
Literature by and about Nikolaus von Lyra in the catalog of the German National Library
Digitized copies of the Postilla super totam bibliam of the Venice 1488 and Strasbourg 1492 editions

Digital copies in the zvdd

Individual evidence

^ Philip DW Krey, Lesley Smith (eds.): Nicholas of Lyra. The Senses of Scripture . Brill, Leiden 2000, p. 1 f .

personal data
SURNAME	Nicholas of Lyra
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	medieval theologian
DATE OF BIRTH	around 1270
PLACE OF BIRTH	Lyra (Lyre) near Évreux , Normandy
DATE OF DEATH	October 23, 1349
Place of death	Paris

[1] Philip DW Krey, Lesley Smith (eds.): Nicholas of Lyra. The Senses of Scripture . Brill, Leiden 2000, p. 1 f .