Norbert Leygraf
Norbert Leygraf (* 1953 in Büderich ) is a German doctor and forensic psychiatrist . He is director of the Institute for Forensic Psychiatry of the LVR-Klinikum Essen, clinics and institute of the University of Duisburg-Essen and also works as an expert .
Life
Leygraf studied medicine at the Westphalian Wilhelms University in Münster and worked as a scientific assistant and senior physician at the Clinic for Psychiatry and Neurology .
Research area has been forensic psychiatry since 1979 . In particular, Leygraf dealt with morbid acts of theft and gambling addiction . Between 1984 and 1986 he was in charge of a research project on mentally ill offenders in Germany.
In 1991 he became a university professor and director of the Institute for Forensic Psychiatry at the LVR-Klinikum Essen, clinics and institute of the University of Duisburg-Essen in Essen . Leygraf is also assessors in criminal proceedings and dismissals from the forensic unit or imprisonment . He is regarded as a renowned psychiatric assessor who was commissioned, among other things, in the trial of Magnus Gäfgen . He also joined in the murder case of Witten , murder Jessica , in the case of the assassin Arid Uka , the impostor Gert Postel and in the case of fraud Reiner Protsch by experts in appearance.
Leygraf has been working for the Catholic Church since 2002 to assess individual clergymen. Leygraf led a study for the Catholic dioceses in Germany that was presented in December 2012; He stated that “a special disorder in the area of sexuality, that is what is called pedophilia in psychiatry, was only present in exceptional cases. The causes for these acts were often more professional crises, feelings of loneliness, social isolation or a closeness-distance problem. (...) If there is a pedosexual orientation, it's over. Then you can't let someone like that work in church anymore. But even there you have to see that you have to take care of him. If he falls completely into the abyss, the risk of relapse is much greater. Therefore one should keep him in a system where he is supported and controlled. "
About politically motivated violent criminals
According to his testimony, Leygraf examined 29 defendants from the Islamic terrorist spectrum. He says to these people:
“The“ Islamic State ”obviously represents an ideology with which young people from certain circles can make friends very quickly. (That is) also a question of age: In a certain phase, young men are prone to radical ideas, which one can fight for and with the help of which one can also feel ethically particularly sublime. The IS talking to his campaigns targeted those young people on the search for meaning to: "Come to us, here you can fight, here you can kill." "
Leygraf goes into more detail in the journal Ärztewoche, No. 1–3, 2015 on this topic under the title Brainwashed or mentally ill? On the phenomenology of Islamist terrorist criminals. This technical article was then reported in several Austrian newspapers for the general public, e.g. B. in the courier .
Accordingly, Leygraf warns against pathologizing fanatics and terrorist activists: "A certain belief does not become a psychological disorder because this belief requires it to be spread as worldwide as possible, which is why the violent fight against unbelievers becomes an apparent duty." The Jihadism is a "global problem" whose followers they would "hardly does justice" when they are "regarded solely from the point of mental abnormality."
Among other things, Leygraf had to examine the 4 perpetrators of the so-called Sauerland Group . Overall, most of his 29 subjects were born in Arab countries. Of the ten people born in Germany, only three had "no migration background".
Leygraf says about psychological abnormalities: "Of the 19 older test subjects, especially those from the Arab region, none had severe psychopathology. However, there were also only a few psychologically robust, self-contained perpetrators. Instead, a number of these were quite illustrious and primary represent dissocial conspicuous personalities. "
For the first group, the forensic psychiatrist describes the case of Shadi A., who came to Afghanistan via Mecca in December 1999 , where he went to a training camp via a son-in-law of Osama bin Laden and finally to Germany from the terrorist Abu Mussab al-Zarqawi had been sent to take action here.
Shadi A. had already received treatment in Lebanon as a teenager for aggressive behavior, but he was not directly psychiatric: "After two failed professional training courses, he worked as a market seller in Beirut and financed himself through theft. He had homosexual contacts in Jordan after entering Germany in 1995, he continued with changing partners, while also cultivating heterosexual contacts in brothels. He consumed large quantities of cannabis and alcohol and obtained the money mainly through fraud. "
The next "way": "Because of his financial difficulties, he came into contact with a mosque where he received food on credit." Then came the mediation to Afghanistan and the return to Germany. During the preparations for attacks - he invested part of the available funds in "hashish, alcohol and sexual contact" - he was finally arrested by the German authorities "at a bus stop, sitting on a crate of beer he had just bought." What the report said about Shadi A. and the three other defendants: "All in all, he ultimately appeared to be the opposite of what one would imagine an Islamist fundamentalist to be. The three other accomplices of this group had not made it very far in Germany either. None of them had a professional qualification; all of them had not led a Muslim-oriented life (before their conversion ...) but had consumed both alcohol and cannabis; all had a criminal record (including theft, assault, drug trafficking). They were with their goals failed and socially isolated. "
This was somewhat different for the accused Islamists who grew up in Germany. Two out of ten people examined had "used fundamentalist Islam to present their inflated self-esteem to the outside world" and "found a way to act out their aggressive impulses in a seemingly morally legitimized manner". However, three of the ten people had a history of psychotic phases.
Leygraf states in the journal: In summary, problems in identifying young Islamists are more likely to be noticed, but not generally:
"Rather, the fascination that assumes a young man to feel like a member of an apparently elitist group and to be able to fight for ethically high goals seems in itself to be dangerous."
In his opinion, modern and global communication should not be underestimated as a "missionary tool":
"In view of the widespread use of the corresponding propaganda material on the Internet, Islamism and Jihad are nowadays a further, albeit sometimes particularly fateful, possibility of getting lost in the process of growing up on the path to real life."
Web links
- Literature by and about Norbert Leygraf in the catalog of the German National Library
- Institute for Forensic Psychiatry, LVR Clinic Essen
- Website of the Institute for Forensic Psychiatry - Prof. Dr. med. Norbert Leygraf (director of the institute iR)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Peter Brock: With a mask. The expert Norbert Leygraf attacks the accused in the Metzler trial. In: Berliner Zeitung . June 28, 2003, accessed June 9, 2015 .
- ^ Gisela Friedrichsen: Criminal justice: Offended, ridiculed, embarrassed . In: Der Spiegel . No. 4 , 1999 ( online ).
- ↑ http://www.ksta.de/panorama/missrauch-skandal-beruehrungsaengste-der-kirche,15189504,12749010.html
- ^ Debate about abuse: The Catholic Church and transparency. In: Badische Zeitung . February 24, 2010, accessed June 9, 2015 .
- ↑ Klaus Jansen: Leygraf: "Pedophilia with priests the exception". Deutsche Welle , December 8, 2012, accessed June 9, 2015 .
- ↑ Online
- ^ Verlag Springer Science + Business Media , Vienna
- ↑ January 16, 2015
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Leygraf, Norbert |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German physician and forensic psychiatrist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1953 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Buderich |