Numidian fir
| Numidian fir | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Numidian fir ( Abies numidica ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Abies numidica | ||||||||||||
| De Lannoy ex Carrière |
The Algerian fir ( Abies numidica ), also Algiers fir mentioned, is a plant of the genus of fir ( Abies ) in the family of Pinaceae (Pinaceae). It only grows naturally in eastern Algeria.
description
Vegetative characteristics
The Numidian Fir is an evergreen tree that can grow up to 25 meters high. The dense branches go off horizontally from the trunk and form a conical crown . Young trees have a smooth gray bark that turns brownish-gray with age and flakes open. The bark of the branches is shiny yellowish-green to brown in color.
The egg-shaped buds are dark brown in color and are either resinless or covered by a thin layer of resin . The 15 to 20 millimeter long, dark green needles are close to the branches. On the top of the branch they stand out like a brush while they come off in a V-shape on the underside of the branch. They are twisted at the base of the needle. There are two white stomatal bands on the underside of the needle .
The needles arranged in a screw are formed exclusively on long shoots, here on a branch in the summit area
The short, compact, stiff needles of the long shoots are blunt and distinctly dark gray-green
A branch of a higher order with the horizontal shape typical of fir trees
Bark and trunk
blossom
As with all European fir trees in the Piceaster section, the cover scales of the seed cones are covered
The blunt tip of the seed cones is characteristic
Seeds
Generative characteristics
The Numidian fir, like all fir species, is single-sexed ( monoecious ). With a length of 15 to 20 centimeters and a diameter of 3.5 to 5.5 centimeters, the cones are greenish-yellow in color. The seed scales are around 3 centimeters in size. The seeds are between 12 and 14 millimeters long and have wings that are longer than the seed. The thousand grain weight is around 70 grams. The seedlings form four to eight cotyledons ( cotyledons ) from.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.
Distribution and location
The Numidian fir is native to Algeria . This endemic only grows on the slopes of Mount Babor and Mount Talahor , which are located in the Kabylia region. You can find them at altitudes from 1300 to 2000 meters.
There are often mixed stands with the Atlas cedar ( Cedrus atlantica ), the European holly ( Ilex aquifolium ), the Algerian oak ( Quercus canariensis ) and the European yew ( Taxus baccata ).
use
The Numidian fir is grown as an ornamental wood in the Mediterranean region. It is also suitable for hedges as it tolerates pruning well.
Systematics
Abies numidica was first described by De Lannoy in 1866 in Élie Abel Carrière : Revue Horticole , vol. 38, p. 106. The Numidian fir is assigned to the Piceaster section within the genus of firs ( Abies ) .
Synonyms for Abies numidica de Lannoy ex Carrière are Abies baberiensis Letourneux , Abies pinsapo var. Baborensis Coss. and Pinus abies var. africana Münchh. , the last one being the noun nudum .
Hazard and protection
The species is listed on the IUCN Red List as "Critically Endangered".
swell
- Christopher J. Earle: Abies numidica. In: The Gymnosperm Database. May 27, 2011, accessed on October 24, 2011 (English, sections Description, Systematics and Use).
literature
- L. Kolai: La sapiniere a Avies numidica dans le mont Babor - phytosociologie et production . In: M. Ducrey, H. Oswald (Eds.), 1991: International workshop Mediterranean firs Adaptation, selection and silviculture - Avignon, France 11 to 15 June 1990. pp. 183-193. Published by the Commission of the European Communities, Luxembourg. PDF
- Pierre Quezel: Les sapins: des essence de méditerranéennes - Diversité er répartition des sapins sur le pourtour méditerranéen . In: Foret Méditerranéene, XIX, No. 2, May 1998. PDF (with English summary)
- M. Barbero, P. Quezel: Les forets des sapins sur le poutour méditerranéen . In: Annales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles, 32 (2), 1245-1289, 1975 PDF
- Juan Carlos Linares: Biogeography and evolution of Abies (Pinaceae) in the Mediterranean Basin: the role of long term glacial refugia and climate change . In: Journal of Biogeography . Volume 38.Blackwell Publishing, April 2012, pp. 619-630 ( PDF ).
Individual evidence
- ^ Tropicos. [1]
- ^ Abies numidica in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
- ↑ Abies numidica in the Red List of Threatened Species of the IUCN 2014.3. Posted by: Yahi, N., Knees, S. & Gardner, M., 2010. Retrieved January 14, 2015.
Web links
- Algerian Fir overview with the characteristic features of the Numidian fir
