Marienwerder Higher Regional Court

The Marienwerder Higher Regional Court was a German Higher Regional Court that existed from 1879 to 1943 .

history

Higher Regional Court District 1879-1919 in orange

Empire

A Prussian appellate court had existed in Marienwerder since 1772. It was renamed "Higher Regional Court" with effect from October 1, 1879 and was now one of 13 Higher Regional Courts in Prussia . The seat of the court was Marienwerder . The higher regional court district was congruent with the province of West Prussia to the exclusion of the district Deutsch-Krone belonging to the regional court of Schneidemühl ( higher regional court in Poznan ) . The district initially consisted of 5 regional courts with 40 local courts .

republic

Higher Regional Court District 1919–1938 / 42. New areas in yellow

In 1919 the province of West Prussia was largely ceded to Poland. Danzig (and with it the district of the Danzig Regional Court ) was spun off from the Reichsverband as the Free City of Danzig . Remnants of the empire remained to the east and west of the Polish Corridor . The Marienwerder Higher Regional Court was not dissolved, and the Meseritz and Schneidemühl regional courts, which remained under the German Empire, were transferred from the dissolved Posen Higher Regional Court. The problem was that the Meseritz and Schneidemühl regional courts were located in the western part, the Elbing regional court in the eastern part and the court president had to cross foreign territory on business trips. In addition, with its three regional court districts, it was one of the smallest higher regional court districts in the whole of Germany and was therefore always available.

dictatorship

In 1933 President Arthur Ehrhardt retired at his own request; he was followed by Max Karge on the basis of a decision by the Prussian Minister of Justice, Hanns Kerrl . In the replacement of vacant office President asked Reich Minister of Justice Franz Gurtner with Hitler in February 1937 whether the court was dissolved. In March 1937, Hitler ordered the Marienwerder Higher Regional Court to continue to exist because, like the governments before him, he expected the corridor to be reoccupied. In 1938 the Fraustadt District Court was incorporated into the Wroclaw Higher Regional Court. In the same year it was no longer possible for Jews in the judicial district to be represented in court when a lawyer was required , as “Aryan” lawyers refused such mandates. With the outbreak of the Second World War , the Danzig Higher Regional Court was created, to which the former Marienwerder district court districts were assigned. In 1942 the Higher Regional Court was finally dissolved on January 1, 1943. The judicial district was divided into the districts of the chamber court and the higher regional courts of Breslau , Danzig, Posen and Stettin .

President of the Higher Regional Court

• 1879–1892: Heinrich Otto Wilhelm Eltester (1819–1892)
• 1893–1896: Oskar Korsch (1831–1896)
• 1896–1900: Oscar Küntzel (1834–1914)
• 1901–1910: Otto Hassenstein (* 1837)
• 1910-1916: Adolph v. Staff (1854-1936)
• 1916–1921: Karl Rasch (1854–1931)
• 1921–1923: Georg Buß (retired from the OLG Kiel in 1927)
• 1923–1933: Arthur Ehrhardt (* 1869)
• 1933–1936: Max Karge (1877–1936)
• 1937 -9999: Max Draeger (1885–1945)
• 1937–1943: Fritz Szelinski (1881–1945)

Building history

Higher Regional Court building, Marienburger Str. 24, today ul.Braterstwa Narodów 59.

The “Justiz-Collegienhaus” is a two-story, rectangular building with a hipped roof. The building was built in 1798–1800 by David Gilly from the bricks that were won when the east and south wings of the cathedral chapter palace were torn down. The court was previously housed there. After two years of construction, it was opened on January 18, 1801. Until 1945 there was the inscription "Jedem Gerechtigkeit", a reference to the words of the Prussian King Friedrich II when the court was established in 1772. Today, the well-preserved building is a center for Educational research.

See also

• List of historical German dishes

Web links

• Description on territorial.de
• Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to reunification in 1990. Higher regional court district Marienwerder 1894. (online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
• Description of the building at the Wirtualne Muzeum Kwidzyna
• Sąd Ziemski on kwidzynopedia
• Printed in 1820 (Inv: 46107) by the Architekturmuseum der TU Berlin
• Kwidzyn - dawny Wyższy Sąd Ziemski . Europeana. Retrieved June 29, 2013.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ The “Ober- Hof- und Landes -gericht in Marienwerder” established by the “Notifications patent, concerning the establishment of the clergy and secular Justitz essence in those previously owned by the Crone Pohlen and now owned by His Royal Majesty of Prussia captured lands of Prussia and Pomerania, as well as the districts on this side of the nets previously counted as Groß-Pohlen, together with beylings ”of September 28, 1772. In: Novum Corpus Constitutionum Prussico-Brandenburgensium Praecipue Marchicarum (NCC), Volume 5, B 1772, No. 49 .
2. ↑ Law on the establishment of the higher regional courts and the regional courts of March 4, 1878 ( PrGS 1878, pp. 109–124 )
3. ↑ zeno.org Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon, Volume 7, Leipzig 1907 .
4. ^ Lothar Gruchmann Justice in the Third Reich 1933–1940. Adaptation and submission in the Gürtner era , Munich 2001, p. 275.
5. ^ Lothar Gruchmann: Justice in the Third Reich 1933-1940. Adaptation and submission in the Gürtner era , Munich 2001, p. 176.
6. ^ Decree on the repeal of the Marienwerder Higher Regional Court of October 15, 1942, RGBl . I, p. 567 .
7. ^ News concerning the Prussian administration of justice , year books for Prussian legislation, jurisprudence and legal administration, Volume 9 (1817) Issue 17/18, p. 372 .