Olive green blubber

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Olive green blubber
Olive-green blubber (Russula pseudoaeruginea)

Olive-green blubber ( Russula pseudoaeruginea )

Systematics
Class : Agaricomycetes
Subclass : insecure position (incertae sedis)
Order : Russulales (Russulales)
Family : Deaf relatives (Russulaceae)
Genre : Russulas ( Russula )
Type : Olive green blubber
Scientific name
Russula pseudoaeruginea
( Romagn. ) Kuyper & Vuure

The olive green deaf ( Russula pseudoaeruginea ) is a fungus from the family of deaf relatives . It is a very rare medium-sized blubber with an olive-green hat, cream-colored lamellas, and a mild taste. The Täubling is very similar to the grass-green Täubling, but mostly grows under oaks or beeches.

features

Macroscopic features

The hat is 6–9.5 cm wide, hemispherical when young, but soon spread out and more or less depressed in the middle. The hat is mostly olive-green in color, but the hat colors range from yellow-white to yellow-gray to gray-green. The middle of the hat is sometimes colored orange-gray to brown-gray. The hat surface is smooth and appears matt when dry. The hat skin can be peeled off up to two thirds of the radius, the flesh underneath is increasingly gray-green towards the middle.

The lamellae, which are crowded in youth and later more or less distant, are mostly more or less bifurcated near the handle, but not or hardly mixed with intermediate lamellae. The lamellas can initially run down the handle and are later usually attached or bulged to the handle. They are initially whitish when young, then cream to ocher and very brittle, so that they splinter easily when touched. The spore powder is intensely cream-colored ( IIc-IId according to Romagnesi ).

The white, cylindrical stem is 4–6 cm long and 1.5–2 cm wide. In the lower third, it can also be slightly thickened or slightly curved. Often there are also a few, small, brown spots at the base of the stem. The stem surface is silky and shiny and weakly straight to finely wrinkled. The stalk is full and quite firm.

The meat is moderately firm and smells slightly fruity or is almost odorless. The taste is mild. Only young fruiting bodies can taste piquant in the lamellae (weak and quickly pungent). The meat turns pink with iron sulfate, green-blue with guaiac and brown with phenol. All macrochemical reactions are rather slow.

Microscopic features

The broad ellipsoidal spores are 6–8.5 µm long and 5–7 µm wide. Protuberances of the spore ornament are 0.3–0.6 µm high, individual spines can be up to 0.8 µm high. They are partially isolated, but are mostly fused to more or less long ridges, which are more or less networked connected by fine extensions. The hilar stain does not or hardly stains in Melzer's reagent. The basidia are 35–45 µm long and 8–10.7 µm wide. The cystids are 57–75 (85) µm long and 7.5–11.7 µm wide and most of them appendiculate .

The epicutial hyphae are 4–10 µm wide and consist of chains of isodiametric cells, with bulging or oval cells at the base. Only the end cells are slightly longer and tapered towards the tip and tapering to a point. The quite numerous, mostly unseptated Pileocystiden are 3–12 µm wide and blunt or pointed. They react differently to sulfovanillin. They are usually club-shaped or narrowly spindle-shaped or, in some cases, have a short, conical extension at the tip.

Species delimitation

The olive green deaf can easily be confused with other species of the Russula aeruginea group. Reliable identification is only possible with a microscope.

It differs from the false female deaf ( Russula medullata ) and from Russula ochrospora by the paler, cream-colored spore powder. From the grass-green deaf ( Russula aeruginea ) and from Russula stenotricha through the shorter, non-hair-shaped hyphae cells of the cap skin, which, apart from the elongated, conical end cell, consist of isodiametric to almost spherical cells arranged in a chain. It differs from Russula subterfurcata in that it has more reticulate ornamentation of the spores.

Distribution and ecology

European countries with evidence of finding of the olive green blubber.
Legend:
  • Countries with found reports
  • Countries without evidence
  • no data
  • non-European countries

    • The olive green deaf, like all deaf, is a mycorrhizal fungus that can partner with various deciduous trees. In addition to its most important mycorrhizal partner, the oak, it can also be found under red beech and possibly also under linden , hornbeam , quivering aspen and birch . The Täubling occurs preferentially in xerophilic oak forests, but was also found in beech forests and even in parks. The fruiting bodies appear from late June to late October.

    The rather rare species occurs mainly in Europe, but has also been found in North Africa (Morocco) and North America (USA).

    In Austria there are a few sites in Vorarlberg and Burgenland. In Germany the species was found in Saxony-Anhalt and Bavaria.

    Systematics

    Inquiry systematics

    The olive green blubber is placed by M. Bon in the Griseinae subsection , a subsection of the Heterophyllea section . The subsection contains medium to large species with gray, green, purple or olive colored hats. The mildly tasting mushrooms have slightly sharp lamellae, their spore powder is cream-colored to ocher.

    Forms and varieties

    • Russula pseudoaeruginea var. Galachroa Sarnari (1993)
    Differs from the type in that it has a white or pale gray-greenish hat. The form differs from Russula galochroides Sarnari by the stronger stature, the paler spore powder and the stronger spore ornamentation.

    meaning

    The olive green blubber is theoretically edible as a mild-tasting blubber, but since it is so rare it doesn't play a role as an edible mushroom.

    literature

    Individual evidence

    1. ^ Synonyms of Russula pseudoaeruginea. Index Fungorum, accessed October 21, 2011 .
    2. ↑ a b Russula pseudoaeruginea. (PDF; 1.4 MB) Monographic Key to European Russulas (1988). In: The Russulales website w3.uwyo.edu. P. 52 , archived from the original on July 28, 2010 ; Retrieved October 20, 2011 (English, translation by M. Bon's Russula key).
    3. ↑ a b Russula pseudoaeruginea. In: Russulales News / muse.it. Retrieved October 20, 2011 .
    4. ↑ a b c Helmut Pidlich-Aigner: Remarkable Russula finds from Eastern Austria 3 . In: Austrian Mykological Society (ed.): Österr. Z. Pilzk. tape 15 , 2006, p. 95-103 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
    5. ^ Russula pseudoaeruginea in Basidiomycota Checklist-Online. In: basidiochecklist.info. Retrieved August 31, 2011 .
    6. ↑ Belgian List 2012 - Russula pseudoaeruginea. Accessed March 1, 2018 (Täubling rare).
    7. ↑ Pertti Salo, Tuomo Niemelä, Ulla Nummela-Salo: SY769 Suomen helttasienten ja tattien ekologia, levinneisyys ja uhanalaisuus . (Finnish lamellar and tube mushrooms: ecology, distribution and threat status). Ed .: Esteri Ohenoja. 2005, ISBN 952-11-1997-7 (Finnish, helsinki.fi [PDF]).
    8. ↑ Worldwide distribution of Russula pseudoaeruginea. (No longer available online.) In: data.gbif.org. Archived from the original on May 3, 2014 ; Retrieved August 21, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / data.gbif.org
    9. ↑ Elias Polemis et al: Mycodiversity studies in selected ecosystems of Greece: 5. (PDF; 330 kB) Basidiomycetes associated with woods dominated by Castanea sativa (Nafpactia Mts., Central Greece). In: Mycotaxon 115 / mycotaxon.com. 2008, p. 16 ff. , Accessed on August 22, 2011 .
    10. ↑ Mirca Zotti include: The macrofungal checklist of Liguria (Italy) . In: Mycotaxon . tape 105 , 2008, ISSN  0093-4666 , p. 167–170 ( mycotaxon.com [PDF; 351 kB ; accessed on August 31, 2011]).
    11. ↑ Nahuby.sk - Atlas hub - Russula pseudoaeruginea. In: nahuby.sk. Retrieved September 28, 2012 .
    12. ↑ Russula pseudoaeruginea in the PilzOek database. In: pilzoek.de. Retrieved August 21, 2011 .
    13. ↑ NMV Verspreidingsatlas | Russula pseudoaeruginea. In: verspreidingsatlas.nl. Retrieved May 7, 2012 .
    14. ↑ Distribution atlas of mushrooms in Switzerland. (No longer available online.) In: wsl.ch. Federal Research Institute for Forests, Snow and Landscape WSL, archived from the original on October 15, 2012 ; Retrieved September 28, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wsl.ch
    15. ^ Database of mushrooms in Austria. In: austria.mykodata.net. Austrian Mycological Society, accessed on October 21, 2011 .
    16. ↑ Ulla daily, among other things: Red list of the large mushrooms of the state of Saxony-Anhalt . 2004 ( sachsen-anhalt.de [PDF; 211 kB ; accessed on October 21, 2011]).
    17. ↑ Bavarian State Office for the Environment (ed.): Red List of Endangered Large Mushrooms in Bavaria . 2009 ( bayern.de [PDF; 4.6 MB ; accessed on October 21, 2011]).
    18. ↑ Russula pseudoaeruginea f. galochroa. In: Russulales News / muse.it. Retrieved October 20, 2011 .

    Web links

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