Orange-red label

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Orange-red label
2010-05-30 Rickenella fibula (Bulliard- Fries) Raithelhuber 87520.jpg

Orange red label ( Rickenella fibula )

Systematics
Class : Agaricomycetes
Subclass : insecure position (incertae sedis)
Order : Bristle disks (Hymenochaetales)
Family : insecure position (incertae sedis)
Genre : Heftelnabelinge ( Rickenella )
Type : Orange-red label
Scientific name
Rickenella fibula
( Bull  .: Fr. ) Raithelh.

The Orange-Red or Common Heftelnabeling ( Ricke Ella fibula , Syn. Gerronema fibula , Omphalia fibula ) is a mushroom art from the order of the bristle-like Scheibling (Hymenochaetales). The small, delicate fruiting bodies have a deeply knotted and often bright orange cap. The clearly paler colored lamellae on the underside run far down the thin stem. The fungus occurs in meadows, forests and moors and often grows in cushions of moss. The very common species is distributed almost worldwide.

features

The lamellae of the orange-red label ( Rickenella fibula ) are cross-veined at the base.
Color plate by James Sowerby from "Colored Figures of English Fungi or Mushrooms"

Macroscopic features

The 4–10 mm wide, hygrophane hat has a hemispherical shape, flattened at the apex and deeply bifurcated. The smooth, matte surface is brightly orange-yellow in color, often a bit darker in the middle and usually lighter towards the edge. The hat can, however, fade a lot and then has a leathery-yellow to almost whitish color. The slightly notched-furrowed and sometimes somewhat wavy edge shows a translucent groove when wet. The whitish to pale orange lamellae run down the stem in a sickle shape. Sometimes they are also connected across veins. The blade edges are smooth. The spore powder is whitish. The thread-thin and tough stalk is 2–6 cm long and about 1–2 mm wide. It is cylindrical, hollow and covered with colorless, short and protruding hairs (caulocystidia) over its entire length. The stem is orange-yellow, often a little lighter in color towards the lower end and can sometimes be felty there. The fruit bodies have neither a characteristic smell nor a distinctive taste. The flesh is very thin and pale orange.

Microscopic features

The elliptical and smooth spores are 4–5.5 micrometers long, 2–2.5 µm wide and cannot be stained with iodine solution. Four spores mature on each of the basidia . The lamellar trama is set up regularly. Cystidenes are scattered or abundant on all parts of the fruiting body. The fairly cylindrical to almost spindle-shaped, colorless and thin-walled pleurocystids have a length of 36–56 µm and a width of 6–10 µm. At the top they are more rounded than pointed and sometimes almost heady. The elongated pileocystids of the cap skin measure 60–90 × 10–14 µm. The caulozystiden occur particularly abundantly at the tip of the stem. They resemble the Pilozystiden in size and shape.

Species delimitation

Orange-red helmling

The delicate fruiting body, the orange-yellowish colors and the falling lamellae characterize this common mushroom quite well. The orange-red helmling ( Mycena acicula ) may have a certain resemblance. His hat is not nicked and the lamellas do not run down the handle. It grows on a woody substrate.

Umbilical rings in the broader sense

Similar are the representatives of the genus of the umbilical rings ( Omphalina ) and their relatives, in which the hats are also deepened like navel. The folded lichen nabeling ( Lichenomphalia umbellifera ) is a fungus that lives as a lichen and can certainly appear between mosses. But it has a much shorter stem in relation to its hat diameter. He also lacks any noticeable cystidia. The lamellar trama of the umbilical rings is irregular.

Chanterelle juice

The chanterelle sapling ( Hygrocybe cantharellus ) is also similar, albeit usually larger, stronger and with a smooth stem . His hat is usually over 4 cm in diameter.

ecology

The fungus can be found in mossy meadows, in deciduous and coniferous forests, but also in swamps and moors. It grows between different mosses with which it is well associated. The fruiting bodies appear solitary to gregarious between June to October.

distribution

The orange-red label is used almost all over the world. It has been found in Australia and New Zealand, Asia (Turkey, Sri Lanka, Mongolia, Japan), North Africa (Morocco, Tunisia) and in South and North America (Argentina, Canada and the USA). It is also common all over Europe. In the north its distribution area extends to Iceland, the Faroe Islands and Svalbard , in the south to the Mediterranean and in the east to far into Russia. In Germany and Austria, booklet labeling is very common and widespread.

meaning

The orange-red label is too small and thin to be considered an edible mushroom.

Origin of name

The genus Rickenella was named by Jörg Raithelhuber in 1973 in honor of Adalbert Rickens . Fibula means "clasp, staple, buckle, or bracket and refers to the buckles on the septa of the hyphae.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Rickenella fibula (Bull.) Raithelh. Metrodiana 4:67 (1973). In: Species Fungorum. Retrieved March 30, 2016 (synonyms of Rickenella fibula).
  2. ^ Karl-Henrik Larsson, Erast Parmasto, Michael Fischer, Ewald Langer, Karen K. Nakasone, Scott A. Redhead: Hymenochaetales: a molecular phylogeny for the hymenochaetoid clade . In: Mycologia . tape 98 , no. 6 , 2006, p. 926-936 , doi : 10.3852 / mycologia.98.6.926 .
  3. ↑ Marcel Bon : Parey's book of mushrooms . Kosmos, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-440-09970-9 , pp.  128 (English: The mushrooms and tools of Britain and Northwestern Europe . Translated by Till R. Lohmeyer).
  4. ↑ Erhard Ludwig: Descriptions. The smaller genera of macromycetes with a lamellar hymenophore from the orders Agaricales, Boletales and Polyporales . In: Mushroom Compendium . tape 1 . IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-43-3 , p. 6376-638 .
  5. ↑ a b Ewald Gerhardt: Mushrooms. Volume 1: Lamellar mushrooms, pigeons, milklings and other groups with lamellas (=  spectrum of nature / BLV intensive guide ). BLV, Munich / Vienna / Zurich 1984, ISBN 3-405-12927-3 , p. 52 .
  6. ↑ a b c Hans E. Laux: The new cosmos mushroom atlas . 1st edition. Kosmos, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-440-07229-0 , pp. 54 .
  7. ↑ Alexander H. Smith: North American species of Mycena . Ed .: Ann Arbor. The Waverly Press, Baltimore 1947, pp. 121-122 (English, quod.lib.umich.edu ).
  8. ↑ Michael Kuo: Rickenella fibula. In: MushroomExpert.Com. March 2005, accessed March 30, 2016 .
  9. ^ A b Andreas Bresinsky , Christian Düring, Wolfgang Ahlmer: Rickenella fibula (Bull.:Fr.) Raith. In: PILZOEK database on the Internet. Distribution and ecology of Central European mushroom species. 2. Update. 2007, accessed March 30, 2016 .
  10. ↑ Axel Schilling, Peter Dobbitsch: Rickenella fibula (Bulliard: Fries) Raithelhuber. In: Mushroom Mapping 2000 Online. 2006, accessed on March 30, 2016 (Mushroom Distribution Atlas - Germany).
  11. ^ Austrian Mycological Society (ÖMG): Rickenella fibula (Bull.: Fr.) Raithelh. - Orangeroter Heftelnabeling, Gemeiner H. In: Database of mushrooms Austria. 2015, accessed on March 30, 2016 (data record can only be accessed via the start page).
  12. ↑ Worldwide distribution of Rickenella fibula. In: data.gbif.org. Retrieved December 5, 2011 .
  13. ↑ tintling.com
  14. ↑ Karin Montag: In honor of ... Episode 15: Rickenella gackstatteriana . In: The Tintling . Issue 6/2014, No. 91 . Schmelz 2014, p. 81-98 .

Web links

Commons : Orange-red booklet labeling ( Rickenella fibula )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files
  • Roger Phillips: Rickenella fibula. In: rogersmushrooms.com. RogersMushrooms website, accessed December 5, 2011 .
  • Rickenella fibula. In: Funghi in Italia / funghiitaliani.it. Retrieved on December 5, 2011 (Italian, Gute Fotos des Orange-Red label labeling).