Orenaia

Orenaia
	Orenaia alpestralis
Systematics
Class :	Insects (Insecta)
Order :	Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Family :	Crambidae
Subfamily :	Evergestinae
Genre :	Orenaia
Scientific name
	Orenaia
	Duponchel , 1845

Orenaia is a genus of butterflies from the family of Crambiden (Crambidae).

features

The genital structure of the genus Orenaia is very similar to that of the genus Evergestis , but the external appearance is completely different. All species are dark in color, small, compact and hairy and are reminiscent of small owls . The eyes are reduced and surrounded by an unscaled area. All species are very similar to one another. The slight differences in the genital apparatus are hardly suitable for differentiating between species. The delimitation of the individual species was and is therefore controversial. The species native to Europe occur in the high mountains and are diurnal. They live in rocky terrain and their coloring is adapted to the soil substrate. The pale colored populations native to western Slovenia in the Limestone Alps have been described as subspecies:

Orenaia alpestralis kautzi Hauder , 1910
Orenaia helveticalis postalbescens Speidel , 1996
Orenaia lugubralis albescens Rebel , 1910

There are different opinions about whether the subspecies status is justified or not.

The genitals are quite compact in the males. Uncus and Gnathos are short and thick and have a blunt tip. The latter is serrated near the tip. The valves are more or less parallel-walled, have a rounded apex and a sack-shaped bulge. In Orenaia preisseckeri , the clasper is indicated. Differences exist in the shape of the Juxta base. The phalluses are all very similar in shape. To what extent the number and arrangement of the cornuti varies between species is not yet fully understood. Obvious differences in genital images should therefore be assessed with caution.

In females, the corpus bursae is rounded and occasionally provided with a large, backward-facing lobe. In some species, the strong signs tend to deform the outline of the filigree corpus wall. The ductus bursae is long, narrow and filigree. It is often constricted below the funnel-shaped antrum at the confluence of the seminal duct.

distribution

The representatives of the genus Orenaia are native to Europe (four species) and North America (seven species).

Systematics

The genus Orenaia consists of eleven species:

Orenaia alpestralis ( Fabricius , 1787) (Europe)
Orenaia alticolalis ( Barnes & McDunnough , 1914)
Orenaia Andereggialis ( Herrich-Schäffer , 1851) (Europe)
Orenaia arcticalis Munroe , 1974
Orenaia coloradalis Barnes & McDunnough , 1914
Orenaia helveticalis ( Herrich-Schäffer , 1855) (Europe)
Orenaia lugubralis ( Lederer , 1857) (Europe)
Orenaia macneilli Munroe , 1974
Orenaia pallidivittalis Munroe , 1956
Orenaia sierralis Munroe , 1974
Orenaia trivialis Barnes & McDunnough , 1914

Orenaia ventosalis Chrétien , 1911 and Orenaia preisseckeri Rebel , 1903 are considered by Leraut 2003 as subspecies of O. helveticalis and O. alpestralis , respectively . In Orenaia preisseckeri Rebel , 1903, Huemer found in 2013 that "the taxon is completely identical to O. lugubralis both genital morphologically and in the still reconstructable, albeit short, sequence of the DNA barcode region ". O. preisseckeri is therefore a more recent synonym of O. lugubralis .

supporting documents

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Barry Goater, Matthias Nuss, Wolfgang Speidel: Pyraloidea I (Crambidae, Acentropinae, Evergestinae, Heliothelinae, Schoenobiinae, Scopariinae) . In: P. Huemer, O. Karsholt, L. Lyneborg (eds.): Microlepidoptera of Europe . 1st edition. tape 4 . Apollo Books, Stenstrup 2005, ISBN 87-88757-33-1 , pp. 100 (English).
^ Rebel, Hans (1910): Report of the Section for Lepidopterology. Negotiations of the Zoological and Botanical Society in Vienna. 60 (1), p. 4
↑ ^a ^b ^c Global Information System on Pyraloidea (GlobIZ). Retrieved June 17, 2014 .
↑ ^a ^b Orenaia at Fauna Europaea. Retrieved June 17, 2014
↑ Heppner, JB (1982): Dates of selected Lepidoptera literature for the western hemisphere fauna. Journal of the Lepidopterologists' Society 36 (2): p. 97
↑ Orenaia helveticalis (HERRICH-SCHÄFFER, [1855]). Lepiforum e. V .: Determination aid of the Lepiforum for the butterfly species found in Germany, Austria and Switzerland., Accessed on July 25, 2015 .
↑ Huemer , Peter (2013): The butterflies of Austria (Lepidoptera). Systematic and faunistic checklist. (Studiohefte 12) Ed .: Director Wolfgang Meighörner, Tiroler Landesmuseen-Betriebsgesellschaft mbH, ISBN 978-3-900083-42-7 , p. 233

Web links

Commons : Orenaia - collection of images, videos and audio files

[MLE4-1] Barry Goater, Matthias Nuss, Wolfgang Speidel: Pyraloidea I (Crambidae, Acentropinae, Evergestinae, Heliothelinae, Schoenobiinae, Scopariinae) . In: P. Huemer, O. Karsholt, L. Lyneborg (eds.): Microlepidoptera of Europe . 1st edition. tape 4 . Apollo Books, Stenstrup 2005, ISBN 87-88757-33-1 , pp. 100 (English).

[Rebel-2] Rebel, Hans (1910): Report of the Section for Lepidopterology. Negotiations of the Zoological and Botanical Society in Vienna. 60 (1), p. 4

[Globiz-3] Global Information System on Pyraloidea (GlobIZ). Retrieved June 17, 2014 .

[Fauna-4] Orenaia at Fauna Europaea. Retrieved June 17, 2014

[Heppner_1982-5] Heppner, JB (1982): Dates of selected Lepidoptera literature for the western hemisphere fauna. Journal of the Lepidopterologists' Society 36 (2): p. 97

[lepiforum-6] Orenaia helveticalis (HERRICH-SCHÄFFER, [1855]). Lepiforum e. V .: Determination aid of the Lepiforum for the butterfly species found in Germany, Austria and Switzerland., Accessed on July 25, 2015 .

[Huemer_2013-7] Huemer , Peter (2013): The butterflies of Austria (Lepidoptera). Systematic and faunistic checklist. (Studiohefte 12) Ed .: Director Wolfgang Meighörner, Tiroler Landesmuseen-Betriebsgesellschaft mbH, ISBN 978-3-900083-42-7 , p. 233