Evergestis

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Evergestis
Evergestis pallidata

Evergestis pallidata

Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Superfamily : Common moth (Pyraloidea)
Family : Crambidae
Subfamily : Glaphyriinae
Genre : Evergestis
Scientific name
Evergestis
Huebner , 1825

Evergestis is a genus of butterflies from the family of the Crambidae ( Crambidae ).

features

The end ( frons ) has no protrusion, it is flat or rounded. The labial palps are directed obliquely upwards. The third segment is short, stretched or directed downwards and partially hidden by the scales of the second segment. The maxillary palps protrude quite a bit and have a variable distal tuft of scales. The eyes are large, there are ocelles . The proboscis is well developed. The antennae of the males are somewhat thickened and ciliate, in the females they are thread-shaped. The front wings are pointed and have a variable drawing. The wing leading edge is almost straight, the wing outer edge is sloping. The hind wings are large and unmarked or they have an inconspicuous small discal patch. Most of the species are not variable as far as the wing markings are concerned.

In the males, the tegumen is small and spherical. The blades are elongated and relatively narrow. They have no attachments, only occasionally a small, toothed clip organ is formed. Uncus and Gnathos are cylindrical or wavy and long and slender. The juxta is elongated and trough-shaped. The phallus is cranked. On the distal part there are usually dense groups of cornuti, and ventrally - near a pocket-like structure - a pair of brush-like pillows.

In the females, the oviscapter lobes are well developed. They are membranous and bristled. The Apophyses posteriores are slender and "T" -shaped. The anterior apophyses are stronger and branched or thickened medially . The antrum is funnel-shaped. The ductus bursae is moderately long to long and often wide. The corpus bursae is egg-shaped, pear-shaped or almost spherical and has two large, spiky signs.

distribution

The genus is mainly found in the Holarctic . A few species are also found in India , Africa, and South America .

biology

The caterpillars feed on cruciferous vegetables (Brassicaceae). The adult caterpillars overwinter in a solid cocoon in the ground and pupate in spring. In Northern Europe the moths usually fly in one generation during the summer months. In southern Europe , many species - with the exception of those that colonize mountainous regions - are bivoltine . In North Africa , most species were caught in the fall, but it is very likely that there will still be a spring generation. An exception is Evergestis isatidalis , which flies in the winter months. The caterpillars of Evergestis forficalis can appear to a small extent in Europe as pests on cruciferous crops. Some species are also known as pests in North America.

Systematics

There are over 30 species in Europe, around 8 of them in Central Europe. The type species of the genus is Pyralis margaritalis [ Denis & Schiffermüller ], 1775. Today , Pyralis margaritalis is considered a synonym for Evergestis extimalis .

Types (selection)

The following species list is based on the Globiz database:

Synonyms

The following synonyms are known from the literature:

  • Homochroa Huebner , 1825
  • Mesographe Huebner , 1825
  • Scopolia Huebner , 1825
  • Pionea Guenée , in Duponchel 1845
  • Orobena Guenée , 1854
  • Aedis Grote , 1878
  • Paraedis Grote , 1882
  • Euergestis Warren , 1892; Misspelling
  • Paroedis Hampson , 1899; Misspelling
  • Pachyzancloides Matsumura , 1925
  • Reskovitsia Szent-Ivany , 1942

supporting documents

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Barry Goater, Matthias Nuss, Wolfgang Speidel: Pyraloidea I (Crambidae, Acentropinae, Evergestinae, Heliothelinae, Schoenobiinae, Scopariinae) . In: P. Huemer, O. Karsholt, L. Lyneborg (eds.): Microlepidoptera of Europe . 1st edition. tape 4 . Apollo Books, Stenstrup 2005, ISBN 87-88757-33-1 , pp. 70 (English).
  2. ↑ Evergestis at Fauna Europaea. Retrieved January 21, 2013
  3. ↑ František Slamka: The common moth (Pyraloidea) Central Europe . Ed .: František Slamka. 2nd Edition. Bratislava 1997, ISBN 80-967540-2-5 .
  4. ↑ a b Global Information System on Pyraloidea (GlobIZ). Retrieved January 18, 2013 .
  5. ^ Nuss, Matthias (2005): Revision of Evergestis anartalis (Staudinger, 1892) comb. rev. from Central Asia (Pyraloidea: Crambidae: Evergestinae). Nota lepid. 28 (1): pp. 17–23 ( PDF ( Memento of the original from May 27, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice . ) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.soceurlep.eu
  6. ^ A b c d Munroe, Eugene (1959): Four New Species of Evergestis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). The Canadian Entomologist 91 (7): pp. 406-411. doi: 10.4039 / Ent914-1
  7. ↑ a b Maes, KVN (2011): New Crambidae from the Afrotropical region (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae). Lambillionea 111 (3) Tome 1: pp. 241-248.
  8. ↑ Nuss, M. (1998): The Scopariinae and Heliothelinae stat. rev (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) of the Oriental Region - a revisional synopsis with descriptions of new species from the Philippines and Sumatra. News from the Entomological Association Apollo 17 Suppl .: pp. 475–528.

Web links

Commons : Evergestis  - collection of images, videos and audio files