Orenaia lugubralis
| Orenaia lugubralis | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Orenaia lugubralis | ||||||||||||
| ( Lederer , 1857) |
Orenaia lugubralis is a butterfly from the family of Crambiden (Crambidae).
features
The moths reach a wingspan of 18 to 24 millimeters. On average, they are slightly larger, have wider wings, and are more clearly marked than Orenaia helveticalis . The forewings are iron gray, the pale transverse lines are indistinct, but divide the wing into more or less distinct areas. The subbasal line is strongly serrated and the inner transverse line is serrated irregularly. The outer transverse line is quite far out on the wing. On the Costa loader , the outer transverse line is curved outwards, then it is slightly undulating and then runs parallel to the outer edge of the wing to the inner edge of the wing. The subterminal line is either very indistinct or completely absent. The root field is dirty black. The area between the subbasal line and the inner transverse line is more or less black. Distad to the inner transverse line is an irregular black band. The fringing area is darkened especially at the apex and at the inner corner . The middle field is iron gray and tinted dark on the inner edge. The discal patch is black, egg-shaped and easily recognizable. The fringed scales are gray and darker in the basal third. The hind wings are brownish gray and have a slightly darker edge with whitish fringed scales. The undersides of the wings are gray and have a weak sheen. The outer transverse line is thin, curved and pale on the underside of the fore and hind wings. The wing edges are only a little darker. On the underside of the forewing there is a more or less clear round discal spot.
The subspecies Orenaia lugubralis albescens ( Triglav , Slovenia ) has a slightly paler basic color. The contrast between the gray middle field, the blackish root field and the border area is greater. The discal spot is black and clearly visible.
In the males, the gnathos is quite strong and toothed irregularly. The blades are somewhat swollen at the rounded tip. The phallus is provided with a group of about a dozen short cornuti.
The females lack the signa on the corpus bursae . The ductus bursae is wide and parallel- walled in the basal half, then it suddenly becomes narrower before it widens to a weakly sclerotized antrum .
Similar species
Orenaia helveticalis is usually less clearly marked on the upper sides of the wings. The undersides of the wings have a sharp, dark edge. The discal spot on the underside of the forewing is narrower than that of Orenaia lugubralis .
distribution
Orenaia lugubralis is native to the Alps (Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Italy and Slovenia) and occurs at an altitude of about 2700 meters. The species was last detected in Germany in 1952 (Alps, above the tree line). In Austria, the species was found in the federal states of Vorarlberg, North Tyrol, East Tyrol, Carinthia, Styria and Upper Austria.
biology
The pre-imaginal stages are unknown. The moths fly from July to August.
Systematics
In Orenaia preisseckeri Rebel , 1903, Huemer found in 2013 that "the taxon is completely identical to O. lugubralis both genital morphologically and in the still reconstructable, albeit short, sequence of the DNA barcode region ". O. preisseckeri is therefore a more recent synonym of O. lugubralis . The following synonyms are known from the literature :
- Hercyna lugubralis Lederer , 1857
- Hercyna helveticalis f. conspurcalis La Harpe , 1864
- Orenaia lugubralis var. Albescens Rebel , 1911
- Orenaia preisseckeri Rebel, 1903
supporting documents
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Barry Goater, Matthias Nuss, Wolfgang Speidel: Pyraloidea I (Crambidae, Acentropinae, Evergestinae, Heliothelinae, Schoenobiinae, Scopariinae) . In: P. Huemer, O. Karsholt, L. Lyneborg (eds.): Microlepidoptera of Europe . 1st edition. tape 4 . Apollo Books, Stenstrup 2005, ISBN 87-88757-33-1 , pp. 105 (English).
- ↑ Patrice Leraut: Zygaenids, Pyralids 1 . In: Moths of Europe . 1st edition. Volume III. NAP Editions, 2012, ISBN 978-2-913688-15-5 , pp. 204 (English).
- ↑ Nuss, Manfred (2011): Red list and total species list of the common common moth (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea) of Germany. In: Binot-Hafke, Margret; Balzer, Sandra; Becker, Nadine; Gruttke, Horst; Haupt, Heiko; Hofbauer, Natalie; Ludwig, Gerhard; Matzke-Hajek, Günter; Strauch, Melanie (Red.): Red list of endangered animals, plants and fungi in Germany. Volume 3: Invertebrates (Part 1). Münster (Landwirtschaftsverlag), Nature Conservation and Biological Diversity 70 (3) (Part 1): p. 344
- ↑ a b Huemer , Peter (2013): The butterflies of Austria (Lepidoptera). Systematic and faunistic checklist. (Studiohefte 12) Ed .: Director Wolfgang Meighörner, Tiroler Landesmuseen-Betriebsgesellschaft mbH, ISBN 978-3-900083-42-7 , pp. 143, 233
- ↑ Global Information System on Pyraloidea (GlobIZ). Retrieved September 26, 2014 .
- ↑ Orenaia lugubralis in Fauna Europaea. Retrieved July 26, 2015
Web links
- Orenaia lugubralis (LEDERER, 1857). Lepiforum e. V .: Determination aid of the Lepiforum for the butterfly species found in Germany, Austria and Switzerland., Accessed on July 26, 2015 .