Triglav

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Triglav
Triglav from the east

Triglav from the east

height 2864  m. i. J.
location Slovenia
Mountains Julian Alps
Dominance 72.5 km →  Little Reisseck
Notch height 2048 m ↓  Saifnitz watershed
Coordinates 46 ° 22 '42 "  N , 13 ° 50' 12"  E Coordinates: 46 ° 22 '42 "  N , 13 ° 50' 12"  E
Triglav (Slovenia)
Triglav
First ascent August 25, 1778 by Lovrenc Willomitzer with Luka Korošec, Stefan Rožič and Matija Kos
particularities highest mountain in Slovenia and the former Yugoslavia
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The Triglav ([ ˈtɾiːɡlɐʊ ]; translated 'Dreikopf', Italian Monte Tricorno , German analogous to the Slovenian pronunciation also Triglau ) is at 2864  m. i. J. the highest peak in Slovenia and the Julian Alps . It is located in the center of the Triglav National Park named after him , the only national park in Slovenia.

Due to its typical shape, the Triglav can be seen from distances of over 100 kilometers - for example from large parts of Carinthia . Its north face above the Vratatal is impressive , with a width of three kilometers and a height of 1500 meters up to the summit, one of the highest walls in the Eastern Alps (after the east face of the Watzmann and the north face of the Hochstadels in the Lienz Dolomites ). The actual wall up to the so-called Kugy- Band, above which the summit structure starts, is still 1000 meters high.

The Triglav is one of the Slovenian national symbols and a central part of the national coat of arms , which can also be found on the country's flag. Slovenia, which joined the euro zone on January 1, 2007 and introduced the euro as the official currency, has also chosen the Triglav for the national side of the 50 euro cent coin.

Origin of the name

The name means something like "three head" or "three head". The origin of the name is unclear. According to a legend , an old Slavic deity, the three-headed Triglaw , was enthroned on the mountain. One head ruled the sky, the second the earth, and his third head leaned toward the underground kingdom. Others believe that the name derives from the shape of the mountain: three peaks were associated with three heads.

Balthasar Hacquet named the mountain Terglou in 1783 ; Adolf Schmidl 1840 as well - he stated Triglav in brackets. In Herder's Konversations-Lexikon 1857 only Terglou appeared; and Julius Kugy used that name in 1876. Meyer's Konversations-Lexikon named him in brackets after Triglav in 1897. Other historical German spellings are Terglau and Terklou .

history

Monument in Ribčev Laz for the first to climb Triglav. Triglav in the background
Triglav north face and Vratatal

The first known but unsuccessful attempt at ascent took place in 1777. It was undertaken by the famous explorer of the Julian Alps, the world traveler, naturalist and physicist Belsazar Hacquet (1739–1815), accompanied by miners from the Carniolan science promoter Sigmund Zois von Edelstein (Slovenian: Žiga Zois).

The first ascent took place on August 26, 1778 by Lovrenc Willomitzer (1747–1801) from Stara Fužina with Luka Korošec (1747–1827) from Koprivnik, Stefan Rožič (1739–1802) from Savica and Matija Kos (1744–1798) from Jereka. The ascent was once again managed by Belsazar Hacquet , then a university professor in Ljubljana , who, however, did not reach the summit himself.

Paths to the summit

The most popular starting point for mountain tours on the Triglav is the Alpine Club hut Aljažev dom , which can be reached by car from Mojstrana via a largely unpaved road. Alternatively, the summit can be reached from the west ( Trenta ). There are 2200 meters of altitude to overcome, the way there and back takes around 14 hours. The summit itself can only be reached in the uppermost area of ​​around 300 meters via a via ferrata with many iron clamps and retaining bolts. The Triglav can also be climbed from the southeast, with access via the Krma Valley.

Huts

Triglav House , Triglav in the background

The following Alpine Club huts are located on Triglav or are suitable as a starting point:

Aljažev stumble

On the top of Triglav: The Aljažev stumble

On the top of the mountain is the Aljažev stolp ‚the Aljaž tower, an important symbol of the country. It offers mountaineers temporary shelter during storms.

The Aljažev stolp was built on August 7, 1895. Jakob Aljaž , a priest from Dovje (Längenfeld), planned and built it. The cylindrical metal tower with the flag was made by A. Belec from St. Vid and restored by Alojz Knafelc in 1922.

Triglav glacier

The Triglav Glacier, which has meanwhile melted to a size of 3.6 hectares, covered more than 15 hectares at the beginning of the systematic measurements in 1948. It was smallest in 2003 (0.7 hectares).

In 1954, weather observations began at the Kredarica hut. In the period 1961–2011, the average air temperature increased by 1.8 ° Celsius. The rise in temperature was uneven: from 1961 to the mid-1970s there was hardly any change, in the following 20 years the average temperature rose sharply.

Web links

Commons : Triglav  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.gottschee.de/Dateien/Landkarten/Bilder/Sonstige/18.pdf
  2. ↑ http://chartae-antiquae.cz/en/maps/32594
  3. ^ Hellmut Schöner , Karl Brandstätter: Julian Alps . Area Leader. Bergverlag Rudolf Rother, Munich 1989, ISBN 3-7633-2406-2
  4. ↑ Triglav National Park
  5. ↑ Direction Triglav ( Memento of March 8, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
  6. ↑ Balthasar Hacquet: Mineralogical-botanical pleasure trip / From the mountain Terglou in Krain, to the mountain Glokner in Tyrol, iJ 1779 a. 81 , Johann Paul Kraussche Buchhandlung, Vienna 1783
  7. ↑ A. Adolf Schmidl: Das Kaiserthum Oesterreich , Volume 1: Alpine countries , Part 4: The Kingdom of Illirien , J. Scheibles Buchhandlung, Stuttgart 1840, p. 8
  8. ↑ Herders Konversations-Lexikon, Freiburg im Breisgau 1857, Volume 5, p. 436
  9. ^ Meyers Konversations-Lexikon, 5th edition, 16th volume, Leipzig and Vienna 1897, p. 1026
  10. ↑ Marija Wakounig: Oj Triglav moj dom, kako si krasan! (O Triglav, my homeland, how beautiful you are!) In: Mountains in Central and Eastern Europe, Friedrich Pustet, Regensburg 2017, p. 56 ( limited preview in Google book search)
  11. ↑ The information in the History section comes from the plaque on the monument to the first climbers in Bohinj.
  12. ↑ cf. SEZNAM KOČ, ZAVETIŠČ IN BIVAKOV - Triglavski dom na Kredarici (2515 m). Planinska zveza Slovenije , accessed April 22, 2013 .
  13. ↑ Meja trajnega snega je tiho izginila ze pred leti (German: The border of the eternal ice disappeared years ago), in: Delo (daily newspaper) , Ljubljana, August 28, 2015, p. 9