Orpheu

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Page 1 of No. 1, January-February-March 1915.
Title page of the first edition
Title page of the second edition

Orpheu was a Portuguese literary magazine . She only made two issues. Orpheu 1 appeared for January, February, March 1915 and Orpheu 2 for April, May, June 1915. A third edition was planned, but never came about. The magazine should appear every three months.

Name of the magazine

Orpheu was named after Orpheus , the mythical singer and lyre player from Greek mythology. It is assumed that on the one hand Orpheus' journey into the underworld had something subversive (that the magazine was originally only supposed to appear for a certain number of people and was aimed at the renewal of literature) and that the singer with his lyre represented the authors of the poems and Journal texts should be available.

editor

The editor for the first version was António Ferro , to whom two sub- editors (directors) were subordinate: Luís de Montalvor for Portugal and Ronaldo de Carvalho for Brazil . The magazine was headquartered in Lisbon , with a branch in Rio de Janeiro . The sole editors of the second edition were Fernando Pessoa and Mário de Sá-Carneiro .

Authors

Contributors to the first edition were: Luis de Montalvor (foreword), Mario de Sa-Carneiro, Ronaldo de Carvalho (Brazil), Fernando Pessoa, Alfredo Guisado , Jose Sobral de Almada Negreiros , Armando Cortes-Rodrigues , Alvaro de Campos ( Heteronym of Fernando Pessoa). The painter José Pacheco contributed a drawing with a female nude .

The authors of the second edition were: Ângelo de Lima , Mario de Sa-Carneiro, Eduardo Guimarães (Brazil), Raul Leal , Violante de Cisneiros (pseudonym of Armando Cortes-Rodrigues), Alvaro de Campos (heteronym of Fernando Pessoa), Luis de Montalvor, Fernando Pessoa. The painter Santa Rita Pintor illustrated the edition.

reception

Orpheu was considered the most innovative and avant-garde literary and art magazine in Portugal in the twentieth century. After three weeks, all issues were completely sold out. The magazine is still considered a portal magazine at the beginning of the literary and artistic modernity of Portugal.

scandal

The magazine caused the biggest literary scandal in the history of Portugal. The politician, writer and psychiatrist Júlio Dantas described the authors as "insane". The magazine was the talk of the day in Lisbon for weeks, and many other artists made fun of it. One was not used to the innovation and the sometimes violent poems in this form in what was then very conservative Portugal. Even illiterate people and people from the lower classes discussed the magazine as they were often informed of the facts by their employers and warned not to buy Orpheu.

The third edition

For lack of money, because the main financier, the father of Mario de Sá Carneiro, stopped his payments and probably also out of fear after the scandal of the second edition, the third edition of Orpheu, which was already in trial printing for 1917, was never published. The following authors should have published articles there: Augusto Ferreira Gomes , de Figueiredo, António Botto , Alvaro de Meneses , Fernando Pessoa, Mario de Sa-Carneiro and Jose de Almada-Negreiros and Fernando Pessoa under the heteronym C. Pacheco . A facsimile of the proof was published in 1983.

Trivia

  • Fernando Pessoa created a horoscope for Orpheu .
  • The most famous poems that appeared in the magazines today were the "Meeresode" and the "Triumphode" by Fernando Pessoa's heteronym Alvaro de Campos .

swell

Individual evidence

  1. Fernando Pessoa (Planet Portugal)
  2. Orpheu 3. Provas de página. Foreword by José Augusto Seabra. Nova Renascença, Porto 1983.