Otis Dudley Duncan

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Otis Dudley Duncan (born December 2, 1921 in Nocona, Texas , † November 16, 2004 in Santa Barbara , California ) was an American sociologist .

Life

Duncan received a BA from Louisiana State University (1941), a Master of Arts from the University of Minnesota (1942) and a PhD from the University of Chicago (1949). From 1951 he taught human ecology at the University of Chicago , from 1957 as an associate professor, from 1960 to 1962 as a full professor. He later taught at the Universities of Michigan (1962–1973), Arizona (1973–84) and California (1984–87). In 1970 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences , in 1973 to the National Academy of Sciences and the American Philosophical Society .

As one of the most influential sociologists, Duncan made decisive contributions in the second half of the 20th century in the development of established American sociology towards quantitative-based empirical social research . His main scientific contributions include the introduction of path analysis into sociology, the measurement of job-related socio-economic status using the Duncan Index , the study of intergenerational employment mobility, the spatial analysis of residence patterns, and the application and further development of simple logarithmic models such as the Rasch model for categorical social research data . Described in summary and in detail in Notes on Social Measurement (1984).

Together with Peter Blau he wrote his best-known work: The American Occupational Structure, which was awarded the Sorokin Award of the American Sociological Association . Based on quantitative analyzes of the first large national study of social mobility in the United States, the book describes the process by which parents pass on their own social status to their children. Especially by influencing upbringing and education. The book's impact went far beyond its analyzes of job mobility. Using study data and statistical techniques, it is shown how sociological topics can be analyzed effectively and precisely using suitable quantitative methods.

His work spawned a new generation of sociologists with a focus on quantitative sociology. Specializing in topics such as social stratification and social mobility , work is being carried out on expanding the Blau-Duncan model to include additional factors such as cognitive abilities, ethnic origin and social context, in order to be able to better illuminate the questions about the transmission of social status from one generation to the next.

Works

  • Notes on Social Measurement. Historical and Critical . Russel Sage Foundation, New York 1984, ISBN 0-87154-219-6 (English).
  • Metropolis and Region . AMS Press, New York 1983, ISBN 0-404-60331-9 (English).
  • An Examination of the Problem of Optimum City Size . Arno Press, New York 1980, ISBN 0-405-12965-3 (English).
  • With Beverly Duncan and James A. McRae Jr .: Sex typing and social roles. A research report . Academic Press, New York 1978, ISBN 0-12-223850-8 (English).
  • Arthur S. Goldberger, Otis Dudley Duncan (Eds.): Structural equation models in the social sciences . Seminar Press, New York 1973, ISBN 0-12-839950-3 (English).
  • With Albert J. Reiss: Social characteristics of urban and rural communities, 1950 . Russell & Russell, New York 1976, ISBN 0-8462-1763-5 (English, first edition 1956.).
  • With Ray P. Cuzzort and Beverly Duncan: Statistical Geography: Problems in Analyzing Areal Data . Greenwood Press, Westport 1977, ISBN 0-8371-9676-0 (English, first edition 1967.).
  • With Peter M. Blau : The American Occupational Structure . John Wiley & Sons, 1967, LCCN  67-019939 (English reprinted 1978 ISBN 0-029-03670-4 ).
  • With Beverly Duncan: The Negro population of Chicago. A Study of Residential Succession . Ed .: University of Chicago Press . Chicago 1957 (English).
  • With Beverly Duncan: A Methodological Analysis of Segregation Indexes . In: American Sociological Review . tape 20 , no. 2 , 1955, pp. 210–217 , doi : 10.2307 / 2088328 (English, PDF; 1.2 MB [accessed November 15, 2017]).

literature

  • Yu Xie: Otis Dudley Duncan's Legacy. The Demographic Approach to Quantitative Reasoning in Social Science . In: Research in Social Stratification and Mobility . tape 25 , no. 2 , 2007, p. 141–156 , doi : 10.1016 / j.rssm.2007.05.006 (English).
  • William Fielding Ogburn : Culture and Social Change . Introduction by Otis Dudley Duncan and with bibliography WF Ogburn. Ed .: Otis Dudley Duncan. Luchterhand , Neuwied / Berlin 1969, DNB  457731966 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Otis Dudley Duncan. Encyclopædia Britannica , accessed January 8, 2018 .
  2. ↑ Book of Members 1780 – present, Chapter D. (PDF; 575 kB) In: American Academy of Arts and Sciences (amacad.org). Retrieved March 21, 2018 .
  3. ^ Member History: Otis Dudley Duncan. American Philosophical Society, accessed July 24, 2018 .
  4. ^ A Methodological Analysis of Segregation Indexes . In: American Sociological Review . tape 20 , no. 2 , 1955, pp. 210–217 , doi : 10.2307 / 2088328 (English, PDF; 1.2 MB [accessed November 15, 2017]).
  5. ^ Notes on Social Measurement. Historical and Critical . Russel Sage Foundation, New York 1984, ISBN 0-87154-219-6 (English).

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Duncan, Otis Dudley
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Dunkin, Otis
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American sociologist
DATE OF BIRTH December 2, 1921
PLACE OF BIRTH Nocona, Texas
DATE OF DEATH November 16, 2004
Place of death Santa Barbara , California