Mülbitz

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Mülbitz
Large district town of Großenhain
Coordinates: 51 ° 16 ′ 51 ″  N , 13 ° 31 ′ 53 ″  E
Area : 29.6 km²
Residents : 1001  (1910)
Population density : 34 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1913
Incorporated into: Grossenhain
Postal code : 01558
Area code : 03522
Mülbitz (Saxony)
Mülbitz

Location of Mülbitz in Saxony
Grossenhain-Mülbitz map Oberreit 1841–43
Grossenhain-Mülbitz map Oberreit 1841–43

Mülbitz is a district of the Saxon town of Großenhain in the district of Meißen .

geography

The district is located about 2 kilometers south of the Großenhain old town, east of the Hopfenbach. Mülbitz is connected to Grossenhain in the north and Zschauitz in the south via the S 81 state road . To the west of the village is Zschieschen and to the east of the Kupferberg and Weßnitz . The place arose on biotite paragneiss south (left) of the Röder and is south of the Röderneugraben. Mülbitz was originally referred to in the 19th century as an extended cul-de-sac-like hamlet with a block and striped corridor and a size of 296 hectares. At Mülbitz, the Hohe Straße , an important medieval trading route that connected the Osterland with the Upper Lusatia , crossed the Hopfenbach .

history

The place Mülbitz was first mentioned in 1185 in the personal name Sifridus de Milbuz . As a result, the place name was repeatedly subjected to changes so Mülbitz was in 1218 in Milbuz called, 1253 Milenwiz , 1272 Eckehardus de Milebuz , 1304 Apetz de Mylebuz , in 1334 Milbpcz , 1350 Milnewicz , Milwicz and Milnwicz . In 1385 Millewitz , 1406 Melwicz , 1460 Milbewitz , 1470 Milwicz , 1478 Melewitz , 1547 Mylwitz , 1668 Mülbiz , in 1791 Milbitz or Muͤlbitz and 1885 Mülbitz was used as the final place name. The basis for the place name is set as the Old Sorbian basic form Milobuz, the Slavic two-part full name Milobud, that is, the settlement of a Milobud is named. The town hall was settled much earlier. There are references to graves from the Late Bronze Age and the Earlier Iron Age . In the first half of the 19th century, fire graves came to light south of the town of Lausitz . The Elder Iron Age graves northeast of the place were discovered in 1934.

Mülbitz was originally a margrave fief . The two allodes mentioned in 1350 and the village were often given to Großenhain citizens. On December 19, 1478, the village became the inheritance and city of Hayn. In 1662 it went to the Naundorf manor. The upper court lay with the Grossenhain office, the lower court with the hereditary lords, since 1662 with the Naundorf manor . In 1668 Christian Brettschneider was a judge and Hans Seidel, Georg Schickedanz and Caspar Herrmann Schöppen.

Johann et Petrus, Fratres de Ebersbach, have the allod and 1 talentum interest. Heinricus de Robeschiz has four gardens. 1351 Georius dictus de Gesen , citizen in Hain has 2 allodes in Mülbitz. Margrave Wilhelm enfeoffed Margarethe, wife of Johann Tylo, citizen, with an allod in 1385. 1406 Mülbitz pays Country Pray to Hain and belongs to Großenhainer care . On May 4, 1436 Thomas Stolze received the Vorwerg, which was the old part. On December 1st, 1437, Jacoff Czschymann got the small Vorwerg, which he bought from Martin Schybe. On April 26, 1444, Caspar Czemaw received the small Vorwerk von Mülbitz, as Caspar Gleitsmann seelig held it, but Barbara, whose married wife was harmless to the body . In 1445 the citizens gave 6 guilders out of the 60 guilders, as the Mülbitz farm was handed over. The elector renounces the city and is free from 4 guilders, which the citizens had to give annually because of the farm. Before 1450, Hans von Betzschwitz owned the small Vorwerk. Michel Förster, citizen of Grossenhain, bought a vineyard from Betzschwitzen in 1458, of which each owner is supposed to give 4 Kapphähne to the Gleitamt Hain . The sovereigns enfeoff Albrecht Taupadel on April 16, 1465 with the small Vorwerk. On August 7, 1470, the Bishop of Meißen bought interest in Mülbitz for the All Saints Altar in the cathedral church. On April 4, 1470 the Vorwerk Leibgedinge of Agnes von Zcemaw and Caspar von Zcemaw is sold. Interest in Mülbitz and Zschauitz . In 1471 he owns the small Vorwerk, is allowed to bequeath it and take interest on it. In 1477 he sells interest to Georg von Waldau, Georg von Kitzscher. On February 15, 1477, Peter Schultz sold interest from the Mülbitz Vorwerk to the Skäßchen chapel . On 19 December 1478, the Vorwerk Erbstadtgut Hain, Lehnträger was the mayor George Bush, who has bought Czemaw. The citizen Jacoff Hentze received goods in Mülbitz in 1535 and the Hain monastery received interest there. In 1662 the place belonged to the Naundorf manor.

In 1539 Mülbitz was parished to Lenz , in 1547 also in 1840, from 1890 the place was parished to Großenhain and has belonged to the parish of Großenhain since 2001. In 1547 the pastors of Köllen near Meißen and Zscheila received grain from Mülbitz. In 1547 Mülbitz was administered by the Hain Office, also in 1764, 1816 and 1843. In 1856 Mülbitz was administered by the Grossenhain Court Office and from 1875 by the Grossenhain Office . From 1824 to 1872 there was a chauffeur money collection point in Mülbitz. The Saxon rural community order of 1838 gave Mülbitz independence as a rural community.

Restaurant to the villa, around 1900

In 1840 the place had 6 farms, 6 garden foods including 1 bar with fields and meadows, 5 houses and a large, wealthy water mill, the hammer mill. The hammer mill is so named because a copper hammer stood there 150 years ago. The property in Kupferberg belonged to the Hammermühle.

The school was until 1840 a change in school along with Zschieschen , the children went to school Großenhain. From 1886 the town of Mülbitz had its own school building, and later the children finally went to school in Großenhain. Mülbitz was incorporated into Grossenhain on April 1, 1913 as the first congregation. There was an important steam hammer mill in the village, the Leichsenring sheet metal coil factory and the Jungfer & Co. tannery. The hammer mill and the Michaelisheim were located there, a place of relaxation and education. The cemetery and the rifle house also belonged to the former suburb of Mülbitz. Saxons came after the Second World War in the Soviet zone of occupation and later the GDR . The historically grown affiliation to Großenhain was retained even after the territorial reform of 1952 , which assigned Mülbitz to the Grossenhain district in the Dresden district.

After the German reunification , Mülbitz came to the re-established Free State of Saxony. The following regional reforms in Saxony assigned Mülbitz to the district of Riesa-Großenhain in 1994 and to the district of Meißen in 2008 .

Population development

year Residents
1551 16 possessed men , 9 residents
1764 6 possessed men, 7 gardeners, 4 cottagers , 8 hooves 19 bushels each
1834 105
1871 247
1890 892
1900 1006
1910 1001
1913 → Grossenhain

Culture and sights

building

  • former school and current home
The former Mülbitzer school at Doernestraße 6 is a clinker brick building from the late 19th century, which is of local historical importance. Two-storey clinker brick building with red decorative bricks as wall dividing elements and in the window area, erected over a polygon base. The house has a pilaster-like structure between the windows, cornice, hipped roof and an original front door from the 19th century.
Lookout tower on the Kupferberg, ca.1900
  • Lookout tower ruins on the Kupferberg
The observation tower ruin (parcel 233/5) has a basement level made of quarry stone with corner blocks, belt cornice and above it a tower structure with window opening and exit and a stone console wreath in the upper third. The tower is ruined.
  • Hammermühle building complex
The hammer mill is of local historical importance, 1 side building is a listed building.
  • Soviet memorial with military cemetery
The complex on Öhringer Straße has individual and community graves and a large honor grove with plants and is of historical importance. 325 people who died in the spring fighting in 1945 and five members of the Red Army who died after 1945 rest in individual and community graves. It is a Soviet honorary cemetery.

Area natural monuments

  • FND "Aehlig Quarry"
The former biotite gneiss quarry, known as a mountain pond, is 0.5 hectares in size and is surrounded by dense woody cover. It is an important habitat for numerous, partly endangered animal and plant species.

literature

  • Otto Mörtzsch : Weßnitz . In: Historical-topographical description of the administrative authority in Großenhain . Verl. Landesverein Sächs. Heimatschutz, Dresden 1935, p. 57–58 ( SLUB Dresden [accessed January 8, 2018]).
  • Mülbitz. In: Großenhainer Pflege (= values ​​of the German homeland . Volume 70). 1st edition. Böhlau, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2008, ISBN 978-3-412-09706-6 , pp. 122-123.
  • Saxony's church gallery. 7th volume. The Grossenhain, Radeberg and Bischofswerda inspections . Dresden 1840. Page 126 online. , accessed January 8, 2018

Web links

Commons : Mülbitz  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Mülbitz in historical digital gazetteer of Saxony .
  2. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Grossenhain district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  3. ↑ Mülbitz. In: Großenhainer Pflege (= values ​​of the German homeland . Volume 70). 1st edition. Böhlau, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2008, ISBN 978-3-412-09706-6 , p. 338.
  4. ↑ With the incorporation of Mülbitz into Großenhain in 1913, only official population figures were collected for the entire community until the census.