Zscheila
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Zscheila
City of Meissen
Coordinates: 51 ° 10 ′ 20 ″ N , 13 ° 29 ′ 20 ″ E
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| Height : | 135 m above sea level NN |
| Incorporation : | April 1, 1914 |
| Postal code : | 01662 |
| Area code : | 03521 |
Zscheila is a district of Meißen in the district of Meißen , Saxony .
geography
Zscheila is located in the district of the same name in the northeast of the Meissen city area. It is surrounded by the other districts or districts that belong to Meissen, Bohnitzsch in the north, Nassau in the east, Vorbrücke in the south and Niederfähre in the west.
The federal road 101 runs through Zscheila under the name of Großenhainer Straße , which continues south to Meißner city center and north in the direction of Großenhain . Niederauer Straße branches off from here and leads to Niederau to the east . The town center is along Pfarrgasse and An der Trinitatiskirche. To the public transport Zscheila is through the bus lines C, 407 and 409 of the transport company Meißen connected.
In Zscheila, the terrain rises to the north from the Joachimstal , which is almost at the level of the Elbe . Here lies the Zscheilberg, named after the place. The Trinity Church stands at the top . In the area of Zscheila, planes and marl stones from the Cretaceous period overlay the Meissen granite .
history
The place name, which comes from Slavonic , was mentioned for the first time when a document named an “ ecclesia ” in “Schilow”, “Csilowe” or “Csilouwe” in 1180. In the following centuries the spellings “Tzilowe”, “Czschilaw”, “Zscheilow”, “Tscheyl” and “Zscheulaw” were used. The name can be traced back to the Old Sorbian personal name Čił and would therefore mean “settlement of Čił”. Possibly it has the same origin as the Czech Čilec .
The loose farming hamlet , which was probably founded by the Sorbs , was located in a block and striped area about 115 hectares in size , on which the residents farmed. In Zscheila, the Hayner (Großenhainer) road toll, first mentioned in 1436, was levied, as several connecting roads between villages on the right bank of the Elbe gathered at the foot of the Zscheilberg (Fürstenberg).
The church, first mentioned in 1180, had a branch church in nearby Zadel until 1230 . The church in Zscheila was already a parish church around 1500 . After destruction in the Thirty Years' War , the patron saint Peter Werdermann, at that time owner of the Proschwitz manor , supported the reconstruction. Bohnitzsch, Niederfähre, Ockrilla , Proschwitz , Rottewitz and Winkwitz were or are included in the parish . In the pre-Reformation period, the building was dedicated to St. George. According to a legend, Benno von Meißen is said to have determined a perimeter during the consecration of bells that is protected from lightning.
In the area below the church and cemetery, a built-up rampart is assumed, while a larger settlement was located to the northwest of the church during the early Iron Age. Already in 1226 there was a curia (knight's seat) in Zscheila, in 1406 a Vorwerk and in 1696 a manor is attested. In the early 18th century, Zscheila was owned by the family of the Electoral Saxon chief accountant Dr. Jacob Friedrich Schilling .
For centuries, the administration of the place was the responsibility of the Prokuraturamt in Meissen, so it was an official village . In 1856 Zscheila belonged to the Meißen court office and then came to the Meißen district administration , from which the district of the same name emerged. For 1791 and 1834 it is guaranteed that Zscheila formed a community together with the neighboring Niederfähre. On the basis of the rural community code of 1838 , Zscheila then gained its independence as a rural community . Zscheila was incorporated into Meißen together with the neighboring village of Bohnitzsch in 1914 and has since been part of the district town.
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 16th century | about 8 families |
| 1764 | 2 possessed men , 6 cottagers |
| 1834 | 101 |
| 1890 | 564 |
| 1910 | 2309 |
| 1925 | see Meissen |
people
- Richard Hugo Eck (born October 3, 1845 in Dresden , † August 25, 1900 in Zscheila), German architect
- Joachim Bernhard Nicolaus Hacker (born November 14, 1760 in Wittenberg , † October 4, 1817 in Zscheila), German theologian, poet and writer
- Friedrich Gustav Schilling (born November 25, 1766 in Dresden; † July 30, 1839 there), German poet and fiction writer
literature
- Günter Naumann: City Lexicon Meißen . Sax-Verlag, Beucha 2009, ISBN 978-3-86729-013-5 .
- Heinrich Emil Gustav Höhne: About the church and church tour of Zscheila . Meissen 1899 ( digitized version )
- Elbe valley and Loess hill country near Meissen (= values of our homeland . Volume 32). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1979, pp. 117f.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Profile of the Meißen formation at the type locality in Meißen-Zscheila, Saxony, with the hanging Mobschatz and Dölzschen formations. (PDF; 221 kB) Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources , accessed on May 6, 2013 .
- ^ Ernst Eichler , Hans Walther : Historical book of place names of Saxony. Vol. 2, Berlin 2001. p. 659.
- ↑ Uwe Klingenberg: About Meissner street names. Retrieved May 6, 2013 .
- ↑ Meißen-Zscheila, Trinity Church. (No longer available online.) Meißen church district, formerly in the original ; Retrieved May 6, 2013 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Johann Georg Theodor Grasse : The bell to Zscheila . In: The legends of the Kingdom of Saxony . Second improved and enlarged edition. tape 1 .. Schönfeld, Dresden 1874, p. 69 ( digital text at Wikisource).
- ^ Meißen: Vorwerk Zscheila. In: Sachsens-Schlösser.de. Retrieved May 6, 2013 .
Web links
- Zscheila in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- Zscheila address book from 1905