Grossenhain district

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Basic data
District of the GDR Dresden
County seat Grossenhain
surface 453 km² (1989)
Residents 42,120 (1989)
Population density 93 inhabitants / km² (1989)
License Plate R and Y (1953–1990)
RM (1974–1990)
GRH (1991–1994)
Grossenhain district PNG
The Grossenhain district in the Dresden district

The Grossenhain district was a district in the Dresden district of the GDR . From 1990 to 1994 it existed as the district of Großenhain in the Free State of Saxony . His area is now in the district of Meißen in Saxony. The seat of the district administration was in Grossenhain .

geography

location

The district was in the North Saxon lowlands in the northwest of the Dresden district . The district was rather sparsely populated and took the third from last place in terms of population density.

Neighboring areas

The district of Großenhain bordered clockwise in the north, beginning with the districts of Bad Liebenwerda , Senftenberg , Kamenz , Dresden-Land , Meißen and Riesa .

Natural space

The landscape was determined by the natural conditions of the North Saxon lowland, which stretched between the Elbe and Schwarzer Elster and merged into the hilly Upper Lusatia in the neighboring Kamenz district . The area was old moraine with mostly good soil, so that forest and arable land alternated. The surface relief was characterized by only slight differences in height. In the north near Strauch, in the west near Gävernitz and on the southern border of the district, heights of 200 m prevailed; they fell in the central district area to around 130 m. The highest point was near Gävernitz (216 m). The most important river was the Große Röder , which flowed through the district from southeast to northwest.

history

The circle Großenhain walked out of the county renamed in Großenhain on 1 January 1939, founded in 1874 Amtshauptmannschaft Großenhain forth. With the district reform of the GDR on July 25, 1952, the districts were formed and the districts were reorganized. The previous Grossenhain district gave 41 of its 111 communities to the newly founded Riesa district in the west. The district was assigned to the newly formed district of Dresden , the district town was Grossenhain .

  • The following 70 communities formed the new Grossenhain district on July 25, 1952 :
Baßlitz, Bauda, ​​Beiersdorf, Bieberach, Blattersleben, Blochwitz, Böhla b. Outskirts, Brockwitz, Brößnitz, Cunnersdorf, Dallwitz, Dobra, Dorf der Jugend ( Adelsdorf ), Folbern, Freitelsdorf, Gävernitz, Göhra, Grossenhain, Stadt, Großraschütz, Kalkreuth, Kleinnaundorf, Kleinthiemig, Kmehlen, Kottewitz, Krauschütz, Kraussnitz, Lampertswalde, Laubach , Lenz, Linz, Lüttichau, Medessen, Nasseböhla, Nauleis, Naundorf b. Ortrand, Naunhof, Niederebersbach, Niegeroda, Ober- and Mittelebersbach, Oelsnitz, Ponickau, Priestewitz, Quersa, Raden, Reinersdorf, Rödern, Rostig, Sacka, Schönborn, Schönfeld b. Großenhain, Skassa, Skäßchen, Skaup, Stauda, ​​Stölpchen, Strauch, Strießen, Tauscha, Thiendorf, Treugeböhla, Übigau ( Uebigau ), Walda, Weißig a. Raschütz, Weßnitz, Wildenhain, Würschnitz, Zabeltitz , Zottewitz, Zschauitz and Zschieschen.

Due to changes in the municipal area and reorganizations across district boundaries, the number of municipalities fell from 70 to 24 by the time it was dissolved in 1994:

  • December 4, 1952 Görzig was transferred from the Riesa district to the Großenhain district
  • April 1, 1959 Kleinnaundorf and Würschnitz merge to form Kleinnaundorf-Würschnitz
  • January 1st, 1960 incorporation of Laubach into Kmehlen
  • 1st January 1960 incorporation of Böhla b. Outskirts in Kraussnitz
  • 1st January 1960 incorporation of Dallwitz into Lenz
  • January 1st, 1960 Lüttichau is incorporated into Ponickau
  • January 1st, 1960 Incorporation of Stölpchen in Sacka
  • 1st January 1960 incorporation of Krauschütz, Skaup, Uebigau in Skäßchen
  • September 1st, 1960 Incorporation of Großraschütz into the city of Großenhain
  • January 1, 1960 Kottewitz and Stauda merge to form Kottewitz-Stauda
  • January 1, 1960 Walda and Kleinthiemig merged to form Walda-Kleinthiemig
  • September 1st, 1961 Zschieschen is incorporated into the city of Großenhain
  • 1st September 1961 incorporation of Rostig in Weßnitz
  • September 1, 1961 Merger of Niederebersbach and Ober- and Mittelebersbach to Ebersbach
  • January 1, 1973 Merger of Freitelsdorf and Cunnersdorf to form Freitelsdorf-Cunnersdorf
  • January 1, 1973 Merger of Kmehlen and Gävernitz to form Kmehlen-Gävernitz
  • January 1, 1973 Oelsnitz and Niegeroda merge to form Oelsnitz-Niegeroda
  • January 1, 1973 Quersa and Brockwitz merged to form Quersa-Brockwitz
  • January 1, 1973 Merger of Zabeltitz and Treugeböhla to Zabeltitz-Treugeböhla
  • January 1, 1973 incorporation of Kottewitz-Stauda in Priestewitz
  • January 1, 1973 incorporation of Naundorf b. Outskirts in Ponickau
  • February 1, 1973 incorporation of Göhra in Weßnitz
  • 1st October 1973 incorporation of Medessen in Strießen
  • January 1, 1994 Incorporation of Bieberach, Kalkreuth and Rödern in Ebersbach
  • January 1st, 1994 Skassa and Zschauitz are incorporated into the city of Großenhain
  • January 1, 1994 Incorporation of Nauleis in Lenz
  • January 1, 1994 incorporation of Blattersleben, Kmehlen-Gävernitz and Zottewitz in Priestewitz
  • January 1st, 1994 Incorporation of Freitelsdorf-Cunnersdorf in Ebersbach
  • January 1, 1994 Frauenhain merged. Koselitz, Pulsen and Raden (all Krs. Riesa) and Raden zu Röderaue
  • March 1st, 1994 incorporation of Linz into Schönfeld
  • March 1, 1994 incorporation of Dobra into Tauscha
  • March 1, 1994 Blochwitz, Brößnitz and Oelsnitz-Niegeroda were incorporated into Weißig a. Raschütz
  • March 1, 1994 Integration of Bauda in Wildenhain
  • March 1, 1994 incorporation of Kleinnaundorf-Würschnitz into Tauscha
  • March 1, 1994 Integration of Walda-Kleinthiemig in Wildenhain
  • March 1, 1994 Merger of Zabeltitz-Treugeböhla, Görzig, Nasseböhla. Skäßchen and Strauch zu Zabeltitz

Even before reunification, the Grossenhain district became a district in accordance with the new municipal constitution of the GDR of May 17, 1990, which became state law of Saxony on October 3, 1990 according to the provisions of the Unification Treaty.
On August 1, 1994, the Riesa-Großenhain district was created by merging the Riesa and Grossenhain districts .

politics

coat of arms

Due to the seal order of the GDR of May 28, 1953, all regional coats of arms lost their significance as a brand or seal. However, the coats of arms of the cities and districts were still used on buildings or in publications without fulfilling an official function. The coat of arms of the Grossenhain district used in some books actually shows the coat of arms of the city of Großenhain. The seal coat of arms of the GDR was official. It was not until the municipal constitution of the GDR on May 17, 1990 that municipalities and districts were able to expressly use coats of arms again and use them as seals.

  • Coat of arms of the city of Großenhain

Industry and Transport

From the Middle Ages to the middle of the 19th century, Großenhain was an important center of cloth making , after wool and silk manufacturers had developed as early as 1711 . Until the 18th century, the Zabeltitz pebbles were cut into the well-known "Saxon diamonds" and processed into jewelry.
The industrial center of the district was in the city of Großenhain. The VEB Loom Construction, which later became part of the VEB Kombinat Textima , produced needle field draw frames and roving machines with around 1000 employees, which were mainly exported. The VEB Vereinigte Großenhainer Tuchfabrik (later VEB Oberlausitzer Textilbetriebe Neugersdorf, Plant IV Grossenhain), the VEB Stoffdruckerei, the former VEB Dampfhammerwerk (later VEB Kombinat "Progress" Neustadt, Plant XI Grossenhain), the VEB Elektromotorenwerk Grossenhain, the shoe factory, and the paper factory were the most important companies in the Grossenhain district.

The predominantly agrarian structured district, in which grain was grown because of the mostly heavy soil, also produced textile and agricultural machinery. An Agrochemical Center (ACZ) and other cooperative institutions highlighted the importance of agriculture, which relied heavily on dairy farming. In Großenhain, essential regional supply facilities, u. a. A polyclinic and a company school were located here, and the oldest German public library (1828) was also located here .

Adelsdorf , situated north of Folbern that completely burned down in the last days of the war, became the first youth project of the FDJ and received in 1950 known as the "village youth" (until 1991). All 34 houses with stables and barns were rebuilt by young people from all over Saxony.

The district, which was connected to the Leipzig – Dresden railway near Priestewitz in 1862, is today connected by rail with Berlin, Leipzig, Dresden and Cottbus. In the eastern part, the Dresden motorway (to the Berliner Ring) crossed the district. The Spreewald in the north was also easily accessible via the motorway. Finally the F 101 crossed the district near Grossenhain . It led via Meissen to the Ore Mountains.

Healthcare

Medical care in the district had been created centrally with the construction of the district hospital from (1959–1962). A polyclinic in Grossenhain offered outpatient care. Landambulatorien there was in Zabeltitz, Schoenfeld and Priestewitz (Polyclinic branch). In Rödern and Naundorf were tuberculosis -Kurheime furnished. In larger villages in the district there were community nurses' stations, which were supposed to guarantee basic medical care across the board. So-called company medical centers have also been set up in larger companies . Some of these were even equipped with their own company doctors who had specialized in the respective occupational health problems.

As early as 1955 there was a mobile X-ray screen train that regularly visited every place in the district. The aim was to guarantee preventive medical checkups against tuberculosis and breast cancer in the entire district. Pregnancy and mother counseling centers were set up and also took on the function of permanent vaccination centers . A network of day nurseries and nurseries was gradually built up across the board.

Population data of cities and municipalities

Population overview of all 47 municipalities in the district that came to the re-established state of Saxony in 1990.

AGS local community Residents Area (ha)
10/03/1990 December 31, 1990
14031010 Basslitz 564 566 927
14031020 Bauda 517 515 979
14031030 Beiersdorf 393 397 787
14031040 Bieberach 227 229 243
14031050 Blattersleben 271 267 611
14031060 Blochwitz 253 252 863
14031080 Broessnitz 112 112 349
14031100 Dobra 402 402 1,267
14031110 Village of youth 190 191 496
14031120 Ebersbach 1,262 1,257 2,456
14031130 Folder 410 407 618
14031140 Freitelsdorf-Cunnersdorf 431 423 755
14031170 Görzig 231 230 514
14031180 Grossenhain, city 18.808 18,578 2,461
14031190 Kalkreuth 878 880 896
14031200 Kleinnaundorf-Würschnitz 412 413 563
14031210 Kmehlen-Gävernitz 654 656 1,470
14031230 Kraussnitz 646 644 1,092
14031240 Lampertswalde 1,089 1,086 836
14031250 Lenz 391 384 578
14031260 Linz 276 277 786
14031280 Nasseböhla 266 259 900
14031290 Nauleis 217 216 536
14031310 Naunhof 466 474 803
14031330 Oelsnitz-Niegeroda 342 331 949
14031340 Ponickau 761 758 2,376
14031350 Priestewitz 758 756 717
14031360 Quersa-Brockwitz 426 425 1,070
14031370 Wheels 268 269 467
14031380 Reinersdorf 270 271 617
14031390 Rödern 548 542 1,488
14031400 Sacka 603 603 1,251
14031410 Schönborn 206 206 504
14031420 Schönfeld 1,030 1,034 2,036
14031430 Skäßchen 631 632 1,637
14031440 Skassa 319 319 502
14031450 shrub 320 324 884
14031460 Stream 429 422 771
14031470 Swap 476 480 557
14031480 Thiendorf 903 901 1,422
14031500 Walda-Kleinthiemig 619 609 900
14031510 Whitish a. Raschütz 400 403 1,285
14031520 Weßnitz 444 443 904
14031530 Wildenhain 530 519 1,084
14031540 Zabeltitz-Treugeböhla 1,222 1,219 1,346
14031550 Zottewitz 265 265 510
14031560 Zschauitz 187 189 284
14031000 Grossenhain district 41,323 41,035 45,349

License Plate

Motor vehicles (with the exception of motorcycles) and trailers were assigned three-letter distinguishing signs beginning with the pair of letters RM from around 1974 to the end of 1990 . The last number plate series used for motorcycles was YW 00-01 to YW 30-00 .

At the beginning of 1991 the district received the distinguishing mark GRH . It was issued until December 31, 1994. It has been available in the Meißen district since November 9, 2012 .

literature

  • District Office Großenhain, Department of Culture (publisher): Großenhainer Pflege - a district with tradition. Verlag Ernst Gehrig in Merseburg, August 1991, format 21 cm × 21 cm, 58 pages. One-time edition, low edition. With illustrations (b / w and color) and a chronicle from the year 900. Foreword by District Administrator Armin Ibisch. With numerous regional advertising advertisements that are now historical in character. Printed by Druckhaus Naumburg GmbH, without ISBN

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Statistical yearbooks of the German Democratic Republic. In: DigiZeitschriften. Retrieved October 6, 2009 .
  2. ↑ a b c Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Municipalities 1994 and their changes since 01.01.1948 in the new federal states . Metzler-Poeschel, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 .
  3. ^ A b The municipality of Adelsdorf carried the title Village of Youth from 1950–1991 .
  4. ↑ Law on the self-administration of municipalities and districts in the GDR (municipal constitution) of May 17, 1990
  5. ↑ a b Successes in building up the socialist district of Großenhain, Festschrift 1959.
  6. ↑ Saxony regional register
  7. ↑ Andreas Herzfeld: The history of the German license plate . 4th edition. German Flag Society V., Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-935131-11-7 , pp. 302 .
  8. ↑ Andreas Herzfeld: The history of the German license plate . 4th edition. German Flag Society V., Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-935131-11-7 , pp. 502 .