Kamenz district
| County data from 1990 to 1995 | |
|---|---|
| State : | Saxony |
| Administrative region : | Dresden |
| Administrative headquarters : | Kamenz |
| Surface: | 617 km² |
| Residents : | 61,900 (1980) |
| Population density : | 101 inhabitants per km² |
| License plate : | KM |
| Circle key : | 14 0 35 |
| Circle structure: | 27 municipalities , 3 cities |
| Last district administrator : | Andrea Fischer ( CDU ) |
The district of Kamenz ( Lower Sorbian Wokrjes Kamjenc ) was an administrative unit in the Dresden district in the GDR from 1952 to 1990 . Then it existed until 1995 as the district of Kamenz in the Free State of Saxony . His area is now in the Bautzen district in Saxony. The administrative seat of the district was in the eponymous city of Kamenz .
The majority of the Catholic core settlement area of the Sorbs belonged to the Kamenz district .
geography
location
The district area, located northeast in Upper Lusatia, had a low population density.
Neighboring areas
The Kamenz district bordered clockwise in the north, beginning with the Senftenberg , Hoyerswerda , Bautzen , Bischofswerda , Dresden-Land and Grossenhain districts .
Natural space
Different natural spaces alternated with each other on the territory of the district. The north lay in the area of the Breslau-Magdeburg glacial valley and was determined by grassland on loess-rich soil. There, where ice-age valley sands were deposited, heather and pines grew. Ponds had been created to the west and east of the Black Elster . The best known was the pond area of Döbra. Traces of glacial deposits were also found in the central district area where between Brauna and Elstra in primary and Endmoränenzügen were meltwater gravel and pulverized limstone found. The heights of the Laußnitzer Heide determined the western part of the district, between Königsbrück and the southern boundary of the district . It was part of the north-west Lusatian hill country with its sweeping surface shape. While heights of 200 m prevailed in the north and west, the area south of the district town rose to heights of almost 500 m. The most famous elevations were the Wallberg near Kamenz (356 m) and the Keulenberg south of Reichenbach (414 m). The highest mountain in the district was the Sibyllenstein near Elstra, at 449 m at the same time the highest point in western Upper Lusatia. This foothill of the Lusatian mountains formed one of the largest closed granite masses on the continent with around 4600 km² .
The district was rich in nature reserves. The best known was the Tiefental near Königsbrück, a rocky wildbachtal through which the Pulsnitz flows. As early as 1973, the district had 45 geological natural monuments, including erratic boulders and natural stone quarries. They found u. a. at Kamenz, Brauna, Steina and Schönau.
history
The district Kamenz walked out of the renamed in district Kamenz on 1 January 1939, founded in 1874 Amtshauptmannschaft Kamenz forth. With the district reform of the GDR on July 25, 1952, the districts were formed and the districts were reorganized. The previous district of Kamenz gave 6 of its 99 parishes to the newly founded district of Bischofswerda in the south. The district was assigned to the newly formed district of Dresden, the district seat was Kamenz.
- The following 6 communities were given to the Bischofswerda district :
- Bretnig, Großröhrsdorf, Kleindittmanssdorf, Lichtenberg, Ohorn and Pulsnitz
- to the 93 communities remaining in the old district:
- Auschkowitz, Bernbruch, Biehla, Bischheim, Brauna, Bulleritz, Cannewitz, Caseritz, Cosel, Crostwitz, Cunnersdorf, Cunnewitz, Deutschbaselitz, Döbra, Dürrwicknitz, Elstra, Friedersdorf, Gelenau, Gersdorf, Glaubnitz, Gottschdorf, Graefenhain, Gränze, Großbaselitz Deutschbaselitz from 1937 to 1946), Großgrabe, Großnaundorf, Grüngräbchen, Häslich, Hausdorf, Hennersdorf, Höckendorf, Höflein, Horka, Jauer, Jiedlitz, Kamenz, Kaschwitz, Kleinaner, Koitzsch, Königsbrück, Kuckau, Laske, Laußnitz, Lehndorf, Liebenau, Lieske , Lückersdorf, Milstrich, Miltitz, Mittelbach, Möhrsdorf, Naußlitz, Nebelschütz, Neukirch, Nucknitz, Oberlichtenau, Oßling, Ostro, Panschwitz, Petershain, Piskowitz, Prietitz, Räckelwitz, Ralbitz, Rauschwitz, Reichenau, Reichenbach, Röhrsdorf, Rosenthal, Säuritz, Säuritz , Schmeckwitz, Schmerlitz, Schmorkau, Schönau, Schönbach, Schweinerden, Schwepnitz, Schwosdorf, Siebitz, Skaska, Steina, Steinborn-Bohra, Straßgräbchen, Trado, Tschaschwitz, Weißbach b. Königsbrück, Weißbach b. Pulsnitz, Weißig, Wendisch-Baselitz, Wiesa, Zeisholz, Zerna and Zschornau.
- there were also 5 communities from the Bautzen district :
- Coblenz, Doberschütz, Großhuechchen, Storcha and Uhyst a. Diver
The number of parishes in the new Kamenz district remained almost unchanged. The eastern part of the district in particular was located in the Sorbian settlement area .
As a result of reclassifications across district boundaries and changes in the municipal area, the number of municipalities fell from an initial 51 to 31 until the first district reform (1994/1996) in Saxony:
- December 4, 1952 Coblenz and Storcha are reorganized into the Bautzen district
- December 4, 1952 Reclassification from Großgehchen and Uhyst a. Divers in the Bischofswerda district
- January 1, 1957 Doberschütz was reorganized into the Bautzen district
- January 1st, 1957 Petershain is incorporated into Brauna
- January 1, 1957 Caseritz incorporated into Crostwitz
- January 1, 1957 Auschkowitz is incorporated into Kleinhänchen
- January 1, 1957 Integration of Steinborn-Bohra into the city of Königsbrück
- January 1, 1957 incorporation of Siebitz and Tschaschwitz in Lehndorf
- January 1, 1957 Dürrwicknitz incorporated into Miltitz
- January 1, 1957 incorporation of Naußlitz into Ralbitz
- January 1st 1957 incorporation of Laske in Schmerlitz
- 1st January 1957 incorporation of Gränze in Zerna
- January 1, 1957 Merger of Gelenau and Lückersdorf to Lückersdorf-Gelenau
- January 1, 1957 Kaschwitz and Glaubnitz merge to form Kaschwitz-Glaubnitz
- January 1, 1957 Kuckau, Panschwitz and Schweinerden merged to form Panschwitz-Kuckau
- April 1, 1959 Gersdorf and Möhrsdorf merge to form Gersdorf-Möhrsdorf
- July 1, 1965 Merger of Schiedel and Zschornau to form Zschornau-Schiedel
- January 1st, 1968 incorporation of Liebenau into Brauna
- January 1, 1968 incorporation of Weißbach b. Pulsnitz in Steina
- January 1, 1969 Merger of Bischheim and Häslich to Bischheim-Häslich
- January 1st, 1969 Cosel and Zeisholz merge to form Cosel-Zeisholz
- January 1, 1969 Döbra, Skaska and Trado merged to form Skaska-Döbra
- 1st July 1971 incorporation of Mittelbach in Großnaundorf
- August 1st, 1971 Jauer is incorporated into Panschwitz-Kuckau
- January 1, 1972 Schwosdorf is incorporated into Brauna
- January 1, 1973 incorporation of Schmeckwitz into Räckelwitz
- April 1, 1973 incorporation of Höflein in Räckelwitz
- January 1, 1974 Horka and Nucknitz are incorporated in Crostwitz
- January 1st, 1974 Integration of Wiesa into the city of Kamenz
- January 1st, 1974 Jiedlitz is incorporated into Kleinhchenchen
- January 1st, 1974 Miltitz is incorporated into Nebelschütz
- January 1st 1974 incorporation of Wendisch-Baselitz ( called Klein Baselitz from 1937 to 1946 ) in Nebelschütz
- January 1, 1974 Incorporation of Cannewitz and Säuritz into Ostro
- January 1st, 1974 Lehndorf is incorporated into Panschwitz-Kuckau
- January 1st, 1974 Cunnewitz and Schönau are incorporated into Ralbitz
- January 1st, 1974 Piskowitz, Schmerlitz and Zerna are incorporated into Rosenthal
- January 1st, 1974 Kaschwitz-Glaubnitz is incorporated into Ostro
- January 1, 1979 Integration of Hennersdorf in Lückersdorf-Gelenau
- January 1, 1994 Incorporation of Rauschwitz into the city of Elstra
- January 1st, 1994 incorporation of Graefenhain into the city of Königsbrück
- January 1, 1994 Lieske and Milstrich are incorporated in Oßling
- January 1, 1994 incorporation of Ostro in Panschwitz-Kuckau
- January 1, 1994 Friedersdorf is incorporated into the city of Pulsnitz
- January 1, 1994 Ralbitz and Rosenthal merge to form Ralbitz-Rosenthal
- January 1, 1994 Merger of Reichenau and Reichenbach to Reichenbach-Reichenau
- 1st March 1994 incorporation of Kleinhänchen in Burkau
- March 1, 1994 Incorporation of Prietitz into Elstra, Stadt
- March 1, 1994 Röhrsdorf is incorporated into the city of Königsbrück
- March 1, 1994 Integration of Gottschdorf, Schmorkau and Weißbach b. Königsbrück in Neukirch
- March 1, 1994 Biehla, Brauna, Cunnersdorf, Hausdorf and Schönbach merged to form Schönteichen
On May 17, 1990, the name of the district was changed to the district of Kamenz.
District reform 1994
In the first stage of the Saxon district reform, which came into force on August 1, 1994, six communities of the former district of Bischofswerda were added to it, including the cities of Pulsnitz and Großröhrsdorf and their surroundings.
District reform 1996
It was not until the beginning of 1996 that the district of Hoyerswerda and the district of Dresden were dissolved after a court ruling . As a result, other communities such as the city of Radeberg ( Dresden district ) and Bernsdorf , the city of Wittichenau and Lauta (until then in the Hoyerswerda district ) and the surrounding communities were assigned to the district. For three months from January 1, 1996, the district was renamed Westlausitz-Dresdner Land .
politics
District administrators
- until 1990 chairwoman of the district council
- July 1, 1990 - December 31, 1991: Edgar Unger
- January 1, 1992 - December 31, 1995: Andrea Fischer
Economy and Transport
In the north, due to the mostly good soils, the cultivation of grain, sugar beet and potatoes as well as intensive use of grassland, combined with cattle and dairy farming, predominated. The southern section of the district area, however, was used for forestry on 236 km². The traditional textile industry was widespread all over the district, mostly ribbon weaving (especially on the Pulsnitz) and cloth industry. The processing of clay and natural stone also represented an industrial focus of the district. Important companies were the VEB Glaswerk Schwepnitz, the VEB Lausitzer Granit and the VEB Lausitzer Keramik.
From time immemorial, the cloth making, pottery and glass industries were located in Kamenz; metal processing and microelectronics, toys, building materials and machine industries were added later. In the second largest city in the Königsbrück district, large kitchen appliances, electronic components and graphic products were manufactured. Elstra in scenic surroundings in the West Lusatia landscape protection area developed into a local recreation center and winter sports resort with ski lifts on the 413 m high Black Mountain. The Marienstern monastery near Panschwitz-Kuckau, which was the only Cistercian monastery next to Marienthal that existed without interruption, was worth seeing in the area . The most important commercial goods were moved along the Hohe Strasse, the Via Regia Lusatiae Superioris from the 13th century until the 18th century. The Dresden-Cottbus railway line and the F 97 trunk road (to Dresden) were available for more modern transport . The Bautzen-Dresden autobahn only touched the district peripherally.
Population data of cities and municipalities
Population overview of all 50 municipalities in the district that came to the re-established state of Saxony in 1990.
| AGS | local community | official sorb. Surname | Residents | Area (ha) | |
| 3rd October 1990 | December 31, 1990 | ||||
| 14035010 | Bernbruch | Bambruch | 344 | 323 | 524 |
| 14035020 | Biehla | - | 445 | 440 | 756 |
| 14035030 | Bischheim-Häslich | - | 1,845 | 1,832 | 1,389 |
| 14035040 | Brauna | - | 899 | 879 | 1,998 |
| 14035050 | Bulleritz | - | 315 | 315 | 1,090 |
| 14035070 | Cosel-Zeisholz | - | 347 | 348 | 1,894 |
| 14035080 | Crostwitz | Chrósćicy | 1,139 | 1,141 | 1,332 |
| 14035090 | Cunnersdorf | - | 565 | 567 | 748 |
| 14035110 | Deutschbaselitz | Němske Pazlicy | 395 | 393 | 690 |
| 14035130 | Elstra , city | Halštrov | 2,179 | 2.165 | 1,690 |
| 14035140 | Friedersdorf | - | 614 | 615 | 572 |
| 14035150 | Gersdorf-Möhrsdorf | - | 1.925 | 1.924 | 1,064 |
| 14035160 | Gottschdorf | - | 270 | 261 | 564 |
| 14035170 | Graefenhain | - | 491 | 494 | 578 |
| 14035180 | Great Grave | - | 317 | 315 | 816 |
| 14035190 | Grossnaundorf | - | 1.103 | 1,093 | 1,497 |
| 14035200 | Grüngraben | - | 407 | 408 | 1,155 |
| 14035220 | House village | - | 211 | 213 | 505 |
| 14035240 | Höckendorf | - | 626 | 616 | 1,046 |
| 14035290 | Kamenz , city | Kamjenc | 18.009 | 17,887 | 2.016 |
| 14035310 | Little boy | - | 471 | 473 | 691 |
| 14035320 | Königsbrück , city | - | 4,749 | 4,699 | 6.332 |
| 14035330 | Koitzsch | - | 308 | 312 | 466 |
| 14035340 | Laußnitz | - | 1,210 | 1,204 | 5,327 |
| 14035360 | Lieske | - | 325 | 325 | 570 |
| 14035370 | Lückersdorf -Gelenau | - | 879 | 878 | 1,098 |
| 14035380 | Milstrich | Jitro | 306 | 308 | 813 |
| 14035410 | Nebelschütz | Njebjelčicy | 938 | 940 | 1,451 |
| 14035420 | Neukirch | - | 535 | 529 | 903 |
| 14035440 | Oberlichtenau | - | 1,628 | 1,631 | 1.003 |
| 14035450 | Oßling | - | 738 | 741 | 567 |
| 14035460 | Ostro | Wotrow | 638 | 639 | 1,266 |
| 14035470 | Panschwitz-Kuckau | Pančicy-Kukow | 1,874 | 1,860 | 1,114 |
| 14035490 | Prietitz | - | 328 | 343 | 408 |
| 14035500 | Räckelwitz | Worklecy | 1,343 | 1,329 | 1,151 |
| 14035510 | Ralbitz | Ralbicy | 1,026 | 1,024 | 2,298 |
| 14035520 | Rauschwitz | - | 764 | 761 | 1,192 |
| 14035530 | Reichenau | - | 443 | 442 | 635 |
| 14035540 | Reichenbach | - | 777 | 789 | 659 |
| 14035550 | Röhrsdorf | - | 196 | 191 | 719 |
| 14035560 | Rosenthal | Róžant | 1,051 | 1,054 | 1,712 |
| 14035600 | Schmorkau | - | 553 | 549 | 1,391 |
| 14035620 | Schönbach | - | 194 | 194 | 488 |
| 14035630 | Schwepnitz | - | 1.914 | 1,897 | 1,411 |
| 14035650 | Skaska -Döbra | - | 610 | 608 | 1,132 |
| 14035660 | Steina | - | 1.924 | 1.925 | 1,249 |
| 14035670 | Rhinestone | - | 938 | 935 | 956 |
| 14035690 | Weissbach b. Koenigsbrück | - | 287 | 289 | 779 |
| 14035710 | Whitish | - | 287 | 287 | 975 |
| 14035760 | Zschornau-Schiedel | Čornow-Křidoł | 327 | 322 | 987 |
| 14035 | Kamenz district | Wokrjes Kamjenc | 60.007 | 59,707 | 61,664 |
License Plate
Motor vehicles (with the exception of motorcycles) and trailers were assigned three-letter distinguishing signs starting with the pair of letters RN from around 1974 to the end of 1990 . The last number plate series used for motorcycles was YX 30-01 to YX 50-00 .
At the beginning of 1991 the district received the distinctive mark KM .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b various (ed.): Diercke Lexicon Germany - German Democratic Republic and Berlin (East) . Georg Westermann Verlag GmbH, Braunschweig 1986, ISBN 3-07-508861-7 , p. 152 .
- ↑ Original spelling in GVBl. Saxon. Landtag 1952: Großbaselitz (official place name from 1937–1948, see Landesregierung Sachsen (Hrsg.): Law and Ordinance Gazette Land Saxony - Annex A of the law on the further democratization of the structure and functioning of state organs in the state of Saxony - directory of municipalities belonging to the district . Dresden July 28, 1952, p. 326-340 .
- ↑ a b Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Municipalities 1994 and their changes since 01.01.1948 in the new federal states . Metzler-Poeschel, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 .
- ↑ Law on the self-administration of municipalities and districts in the GDR (municipal constitution) of May 17, 1990
- ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1996
- ↑ Saxony regional register
- ↑ Andreas Herzfeld: The history of the German license plate . 4th edition. German Flag Society V., Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-935131-11-7 , pp. 302 .
- ↑ Andreas Herzfeld: The history of the German license plate . 4th edition. German Flag Society V., Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-935131-11-7 , pp. 502 .
literature
- Sächsischer Landkreistag e. V .: District administrators from 1990 to 1994. ( online text )