Great Grave

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Great Grave
City of Bernsdorf
Coordinates: 51 ° 20 ′ 55 ″  N , 14 ° 1 ′ 0 ″  E
Height : 139 m above sea level NN
Area : 8.16 km²
Residents : 283  (May 9, 2011)
Population density : 35 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : January 1, 1997
Postal code : 02994
Primaries : 035797, 035723
Aerial panorama

Großgrabe ( Upper Sorbian Hrabowa ) is a church village that has belonged to the small Saxon town of Bernsdorf since 1997 .

geography

The site of Großgrabe

Großgrabe is located at the confluence of the Schönbach in the Saleskbach . Federal highway 97 from Hoyerswerda leads through the town center to Dresden . Großgrabe is located on the route approximately in the middle between the town centers of Bernsdorf and Schwepnitz, each about five kilometers away . Großgrabe is surrounded by wide, agriculturally used areas, forests and a pond area of ​​around 60 hectares.

Surrounding villages are Wiednitz in the north, Bernsdorf in the northeast, Straßgräbchen in the east, Hausdorf in the southeast, Bulleritz in the south, Schwepnitz in the southwest, Grüngräbchen in the northwest, and Sella in the north beyond the Saxon-Brandenburg border.

history

Local history

Großgrabe, manor house of the former manor

The first documentary mention of Großgrabes took place in 1225 as Grabowe . A knight's seat in a large grave can be traced back to 1481. One of the later owners was the royal lordship of Königsbrück .

Großgraber Church

The village, which is part of the parish of Kamenz , got its own parish church around 1500 , in which Sorbian was also preached from the Reformation until the 17th century. The current church was built in 1669.

After the Wars of Liberation , in which the Kingdom of Saxony fought on the side of France, Saxony had to cede to Prussia in 1815, among other things, Lower Lusatia and large parts of Upper Lusatia , which were transferred from Bohemia to Saxony in 1635. The Saxon-Prussian border ran west of Bernsdorf. Großgrabe remained Saxon and the district of Waldhof was created near the border . With the founding of the Saxon authorities, Großgrabe came to the authority of Kamenz .

After the Second World War , the Prussian-Silesian districts west of the Lusatian Neisse were reassigned to the state of Saxony. The district of Waldhof was incorporated into the much closer community of Bernsdorf in 1950. With the administrative reform in the GDR in July 1952, during which the federal states were dissolved, the districts introduced and many new districts formed, Großgrabe came to the Kamenz district in the Dresden district , while Bernsdorf and the Hoyerswerda district came to the Cottbus district .

Since the dissolution of the Hoyerswerda district on January 1, 1996 as part of the first Saxon district reform, Großgrabe and Bernsdorf were for the first time in the same district, the Kamenz district . In the following year Großgrabes was incorporated into Bernsdorf. As part of the second Saxon district reform, the places came to the enlarged district of Bautzen on August 1, 2008 .

Population development

year Residents
1834 247
1871 327
1890 394
1910 609
1925 649
1939 678
1946 820
1950 506
1964 415
1990 315
1996 320
2011 283

1 farmer , 21 gardeners and 12 cottagers are named in a land register belonging to the royal lordship of Königsbrück from 1777 .

Between 1834 and 1939 there was a steady population growth from 247 to 678 inhabitants. By accepting refugees and displaced persons, the community reached a population of over 800 in the years after the Second World War, which however fell to around 500 by 1950 and to 415 by 1964. Until the fall of the Berlin Wall , the number of inhabitants fell again by around 100 to 315 in 1990. In the following years the number fluctuated slightly between 303 in 1991 and 320 in 1996, 15 years later it was around 10% lower.

The population of Großgraber was predominantly Sorbian-speaking until the 17th century. In 1691 the local pastor Christian Prätorius reported that the place "became completely German in 20, 30, 40 years". At the end of the 19th century, Großgrabe was already far outside the Sorbian settlement area, and the population was almost entirely German-speaking. At the beginning of the 1880s, Muka determined two Sorbs for Großgrabe , in the neighboring town of Straßgräbchen to the east there were three, while the neighboring town of Grüngräbchen to the north-west no longer had a Sorbian population.

The believing population is predominantly of Protestant faith. In 1925 the Protestant population was 91%, the Catholic 7%.

Place name

The German place name Grabe and the (Upper) Sorbian name Hrabowa are derived from the Old Sorbian Grabov "Buchenort", which can be traced back to Old Sorbian grab (Upper Sorbian today hrab ) for "white beech".

The name prefix Groß- was created to differentiate the eastern neighboring town Straßgräbchen (Sorbian Nadrózna Hrabowka with the diminutive suffix -k), whose name was historically occupied with various diminutive prefixes and suffixes. He received his prefix Straß- later, probably to identify the location on the road from Kamenz to Ruhland .

The much more recent settlement Grüngräbchen (Sorbian Zelena Hrabowka ) derives the name from Großgrabe in both languages, whereby the diminutive suffixes have emerged as with Strassgräbchen.

Personalities

Großgrabe is, among other things, the birthplace of the following personalities:

Sources and further references

literature

  • Cornelius Gurlitt : Great Grave. In:  Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 35. Issue: Amtshauptmannschaft Kamenz (Land) . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1912, p. 44.

Footnotes

  1. ↑ a b Small-scale municipality sheet for Bernsdorf, city. (PDF; 0.23 MB) State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony , September 2014, p. 5 , accessed on December 6, 2015 .
  2. ↑ a b large grave in the digital historical place directory of Saxony
  3. ↑ Cf. Friedrich Pollack: Church - Language - Nation. Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 2018, p. 190
  4. ↑ Information for 14 2 92 160 community Großgrabe. In: Regional Register Saxony. State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony , accessed on December 6, 2015 .
  5. ↑ Cf. Friedrich Pollack: Church - Language - Nation. Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 2018, p. 190
  6. ↑ Ernst Eichler , Hans Walther : Oberlausitz toponymy - studies on the toponymy of the districts of Bautzen, Bischofswerda, Görlitz, Hoyerswerda, Kamenz, Löbau, Niesky, Senftenberg, Weißwasser and Zittau. I name book (=  German-Slavic research on naming and settlement history . Volume 28 ). Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1975, p. 87 f .

Web links

Commons : Großgrabe (Oberlausitz)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files