Heath (Bernsdorf)

pagan Commune Bernsdorf Coordinates: 51 ° 23 ′ 57 " N , 14 ° 1 ′ 46" E
Height :	134 m above sea level NN
Residents :	140 (2012)
Incorporation :	1950
Incorporated into:	Wiednitz
Postal code :	02994
Area code :	035723

Heide , until 1949 Heye III colony , is a residential area in the town of Bernsdorf in the northwest of the Bautzen district in the Free State of Saxony . The settlement was created as a factory colony of the "Grube Heye III".

geography

location

Heide is located four kilometers northwest of Bernsdorf on the right side of the Ruhlander Schwarzwassers in the largely flat and wooded Grünewalder Heide; to the north-east are the Old Jungfernstein ( 171 m ) and the Jungfernstein ( 173 m ), two insignificant elevations. The Lübbenau – Kamenz railway runs east of Heide, and Wiednitz station to the southeast. In the north, on Hohenbockaer and Lautaer Flur, are the open pit lakes Heide VI and Heide V.

Neighboring places

Schwarzbach	Hohenbocka	Johannisthal , Leippe
Grünewald		Neukollm , Saxonia
Sella	Wiednitz	Wiednitz

history

Up until the end of the 19th century, the area north of Wiednitz, which belonged to the Prussian Upper Lusatia, consisted of pine-dominated heather forests. At the upper reaches of the black water there were two larger pond ponds: the old pond and the nasdanteich. In 1874, the Lübbenau – Kamenz railway line built by the Berlin-Görlitzer Railway Company was completed, and the two ponds were drained as part of the construction of the railway.

After exploratory drilling in the area between Wiednitz, Hohenbocka, Leippe and Grünewald discovered a lignite seam worthy of mining, the industrialist Friedrich Carl Theodor Heye, owner of the "Heye I" and "Heye II" lignite mines and the Annahütte glassworks near Särchen , acquired the mining rights. "FC Th. Heye Braunkohlenwerke GmbH" began as early as 1909 east of Grünewald on the area of the Jahmenteich with the opening of the "Heye III" mine. At the same time, the construction of a briquette factory, a mine power station and the "Heye III Colony" settlement began next to the railway line on the Nasdanwiesen. The plans for the company town provided the architect Georg Heinsius von Mayenburg , who previously for Ilse Bergbau AG , the Garden City Marga had designed. The buildings of the settlement erected directly next to the operating facilities were designed by Heinsius in a similar way to those in the significantly larger garden city of Marga. The settlement with residential houses for civil servants and workers, a bathhouse, a school and a company restaurant formed a closed community and was part of the Hohenbocka village church. A water tower was built in the 1920s.

The start of coal production and the commissioning of the briquette factory took place in December 1909, between the opencast mine and the briquette factory a chain conveyor was built to transport the coal. After the first opencast mine was charred, opencast mines II, III and IV were operated west of the railway line in the direction of Hohenbocka until 1937, the charred areas were dumped with the overburden. Because of the increasing distance between the opencast mine and the briquette factory, a mine railway with open-plan cars of 20 t each was built. Around 0.5 to 0.7 million tons of coal were mined annually.

With the V opencast mine opened in 1935, coal production was relocated to the site east of the railway line between Hohenbocka and Lauta. 1940 saw the opening of the last new open-cast mine in the mine with opencast mine VI. In 1943 FC Th. Heye-Annahütte-Braunkohlenwerke GmbH sold its facilities in Annahütte and relocated its headquarters to the Heye III colony. After the Second World War, the company was nationalized. Since the raw coal from the company's own mining fields was no longer sufficient to supply the briquette factory due to the increased demand for briquettes, a new coal connection line was laid from the Laubusch briquette factory to Heye III in 1947, with the lignite from the Laubusch opencast mine, and later also from the Sabrodt screening plant could become.

In 1949, the now nationalized mine was renamed "VEB lignite plant heath", at the same time also was colony Heye III in Heide renamed. In 1950 the Heide settlement was spun off from the lignite works and became part of Wiednitz . Until then, the colony was inhabited exclusively by factory workers.

Quartz sand and clay were also extracted as by-products of the open-cast mine from 1957. At the beginning of the 1960s, coal production was increased to 1 million tons per year. Since the GDR's energy policy in the second half of the 1960s increasingly relied on oil instead of lignite, the Heide mine, which still contained 3.4 million tons of coal, was shut down prematurely in 1968. The remaining hole V, which has yet to be filled, was used from 1971 to 1990 as a red mud dump for the Lauta works. The Heide briquette factory was assigned to the “VEB BKK Glückauf Knappenrode” in 1968. In 1969 it reached its highest annual production with approx. 590,000 t of briquettes. As a result of the cessation of mining operations, the number of inhabitants decreased due to the departure of many mining families from Heide. At the end of 1992 the Heide briquette factory was shut down, and the briquette factory and the power station were blown up between 1994 and 1995.

After the district reform, Heide belonged to the district of Kamenz from 1996 to 2008 as a district of Wiednitz and since then to the district of Bautzen . On January 1, 2012, Heide was incorporated into Bernsdorf together with Wiednitz.

Population development

year	Residents
1911	400
1925	918
2012	140

Heye III mine / Heide opencast mine

Operating time: 1909–1968
Mining area: 883.8 ha
Raw coal output: 38.8 million t

Briquette factory Heye III / Heide

Operating period: 1910–1992
Total production: 28.3 million tons of briquettes

Monuments

The Heye brown coal works factory owner's villa, built after 1910
Residential building at Bahnhofstrasse 65 and ancillary building, originally preserved settlement house of the colony
Former clubhouse with library, shop and business section, built after 1910

Web links

Individual evidence

[1] ttps://hoyte24.de/newsreader2/die-geschichte-von-heye-iii-lebt-weiter.html

[2] 40048-Bergamt Görlitz No. 1-449

[3] ttps://www.lr-online.de/lausitz/hoyerswerda/das-wiedersehen-will-keiner-missen_aid-3119862

[4] ttps://www.lr-online.de/lausitz/hoyerswerda/das-wiedersehen-will-keiner-missen_aid-3119862

[5] ttps://www.agreement-berlin.de/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Lausitz_Doku-23_Heide-Zeissholz.pdf