Wiednitz
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Wiednitz
City of Bernsdorf
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| Height : | 134 m | |
| Area : | 15.94 km² | |
| Residents : | 896 (December 31, 2011) | |
| Population density : | 56 inhabitants / km² | |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 2012 | |
| Postal code : | 02994 | |
| Area code : | 035723 | |
Location of Wiednitz in Saxony |
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Wiednitz ( Upper Sorbian ) is a village in the Bautzen district on the northern edge of Upper Lusatia . It has been part of the city of Bernsdorf since January 1st, 2012 . Parts of the districts of the village used to be in Prussia.
geography
geography
The village is located in a wooded, almost flat, partially moist heather on the edge of the Upper Lusatian heath and pond landscape in the immediate vicinity of the border with Brandenburg . The post-mining landscape extends to the north and northeast. Wiednitz is located about 13 kilometers northwest of Kamenz and 18 km southwest of Hoyerswerda .
Local division
Wiednitz and Heide belong to Wiednitz (until 1950: Grube Heye III ).
history
The Wiednitz population was predominantly Sorbian-speaking until the 17th century. In 1691, however, the local pastor, Christian Prätorius, reported that the place "had become quite German in 10 to 15 years through the school and serving with the rulers".
Wiednitz Manor
According to pastor Huth from Großgrabe , during the time of the estate family von Sporr and Spohr auf Wittnitz (1711 to 1725) , August the Strong and Countess Cosel often took a break at the Wiednitz manor on his frequent trips to Poland. Wiednitz is about 50 km from Dresden. These good relationships continued to be positive in various places. From 1725 to 1768, the Saxon war councilor Johann Heinrich Simonis was the landowner in Wiednitz. So he took as an agent of King August III. of Poland with Major General Woldemar Freiherr von Löwendal participated in the conclusion of the armistice in 1735 between the Saxon, Russian and Polish troops of the magnate Józef Potocki . In 1730–1735, the manor Simonis built a new castle, laid out a spacious park and expanded the fish ponds.
Johann Heinrich Simonis bequeathed his Castle Wiednitz including the manor to his brother-in-law Peter (Pierre) d'Orville (born March 21, 1693 - January 1, 1757), evangelical-reformed citizen and trader in Frankfurt am Main . Married to Johanna (Jeanne) Bernus (born September 19, 1699 - May 30, 1762) from Frankfurt am Main, part of the Frankfurt upper class, since May 27, 1721 . His parents were the couple Peter Friedrich d'Orville (1662-1739) and Susanna Judith Buirette von Oehlefeld (also d ' Ahlfelden ) (1670-1730), who had several children. Her family's ancestors were religious refugees who once moved from Italy via the Netherlands, first to the reformed Hanau and then, already wealthy, to the Lutheran free imperial city of Frankfurt am Main. Peter (Pierre) d'Orville continues the trading business and in 1721 set up a wholesaler of spices on the Frankfurt Roßmarkt. The landowners Peter Friedrich d'Orville and son Johann Karl Friedrich d'Orville von Löwenclau (1787–1831) were responsible for developing the town's coat of arms, a leaping lion with outstretched claws. The origin of the title of nobility and the coat of arms of the d'Orville family comes from his younger brother Isaak d'Orville (1699–1763), who acquired or was awarded it by Emperor Charles VII for himself and his family. The last landowner of the d'Orville family in the 19th century sold the fields, meadows and cattle and initially only pursued hunting and fish farming .
With the land reform of 1946, parts of the park were cleared and turned into fields. In the same year the castle was demolished. A duck fattening facility was built on the former castle island . The orchard that was once in front of the castle is now a public children's playground .
pagan
The colony of FC Th. Heye lignite works , which had already had several lignite mines and a glassworks in Annahütte in the western Senftenberg lignite district since the end of the 19th century, began to open a lignite mine near Wiednitz around 1908/1909 in Heide . The company had the Dresden-based architect Georg Heinsius von Mayenburg design the factory settlement required for operation . At the same time, he was involved in the planning and implementation of the large Marga estate in Brieske near Senftenberg . The Heye III pit colony therefore looks similar to the Marga settlement, but the construction project is much smaller and not as complex.
In 1950, the Heide factory colony was incorporated and the Neu Wiednitz district was reassembled to Bernsdorf. On January 1, 2012, Wiednitz was also incorporated into Bernsdorf.
traffic
The village is located northwest of the federal highway 97 , which crosses the neighboring Bernsdorf . The place can also be reached via the Ruhland junction of federal motorway 13, which is about 15 kilometers away . To the northwest, Wiednitz borders on the Brandenburg Office of Ruhland with the towns of Sella and Grünewald .
The Lübbenau – Kamenz railway runs through Wiednitz, although only freight trains run on it; Passenger trains have not stopped at Wiednitz station since 1998. The route 151 of the bus company Regionalbus Oberlausitz runs on weekdays from Wiednitz via Bernsdorf to Kamenz train station .
Personalities
- Friedrich Leopold von Wurmb (1757–1818), royal Saxon lieutenant colonel and former owner of Wiednitz Castle
- Friedrich Ludwig Adolph von Wurmb (1794–1854), royal Saxon colonel , commandant of the Dresden barracks
- Dietrich Ellger (1922–2007), art historian and monument conservator
Web links
- Wiednitz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
Individual evidence
- ↑ Cf. Friedrich Pollack: Church - Language - Nation. Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 2018, p. 190
- ↑ On the history of the Wiednitz district ( Memento of the original from October 27, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ The European Gazettier 1735
- ↑ Wiednitz mansion
- ↑ Former Wiednitz Castle Park
- ↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities of Germany , see under 2012
- ^ Railway stations in Saxony
Bernsdorf with Otterschütz , Neu Wiednitz and Waldhof | Great Grave | Strassgräbchen with Grünberg | Wiednitz with heather | Zeißholz with the Zeißholz colony , Saxonia and Zeißholz settlement