Brauna
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Brauna
Large district town of Kamenz
Coordinates: 51 ° 16 ′ 50 ″ N , 14 ° 2 ′ 30 ″ E
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| Height : | 180 m above sea level NN |
| Incorporation : | March 1, 1994 |
| Incorporated into: | Beautiful ponds |
| Postal code : | 01917 |
| Area code : | 03578 |
Brauna ( Upper Sorbian Brunow ) is a place in Saxony that belongs to the large district town of Kamenz in the district of Bautzen .
Brauna is about 4 kilometers west of Kamenz on the state road 100 .
history
Brauna is mentioned for the first time on May 19, 1225 as Brunowe in a document for the consecration of the parish church in Kamenz. Brauna becomes a manor in 1291 through vassal leanings. In 1404 Brounaw was already a knight's seat , which in 1438 was lent to the knight Ulrich von Grünrod.
After the place changed hands several times, it was bought by the gentlemen of Schönberg in 1581, and Brauna remained in their possession until 1708. In 1619 a school was founded.
The Thirty Years War (1618–1648) also left its mark on Brauna. In 1631 the brewing pan of the castle brewery was taken away by Swedish soldiers and in 1642 a total of 12 desolate inns were recorded.
In the Great Northern War in 1705 and 1706 soldiers had to be billeted several times. Brauna also has to provide two soldiers and other war tributes through an order.
Erdmuthe Salome von Schönberg married Count Johann Casimir the Elder in 1708. Elders from Dallwitz . Among other things, she buys Brauna from her widowed mother, which ends the line of ownership of Schönberg in Brauna. In 1745 the countess sold the goods Brauna with Rohrbach, Schwosdorf and Häslich for 51,000 thalers to her son Johann Casimir the Elder. Younger on Kohlo, who sold them to Johann Heinrich Reichsgraf Geyer von Geyersberg and Osterburg in 1747.
In 1775, Brauna was bought by the royal lordship of Königsbrück , but it was changed in 1790 as a dowry for the marriage of the lordly Sophie Eleonore Charlotte with Count Friedrich Leopold zu Stolberg-Stolberg .
In 1794 a new school is built, which is also attended by children from Petershain and Liebenau. A hospital will be housed in the old school building.
While Brauna had only a relatively small burden of war in the Second Silesian War in 1745 , the Wars of Liberation prove to be devastating. From March to June 1813 there were several troop passages of the Russian, Prussian and French armies in the region. In 1814 the leaseholder recorded the war damage at 13,818 thalers.
The now widowed Countess Sophie donated the school house and the property to the community in 1820. The castle was rebuilt until 1822 and a Catholic chapel was added in 1842. When Arnošt Muka visited the place for his research in 1884/85, Brauna was already outside the Sorbian core area and of the then 366 inhabitants only 17 were Sorbs . Today Sorbian is no longer spoken in Brauna.
On November 8, 1940, when a Junkers Ju 90 passenger plane crashed near the town, all its occupants died, including the journalist Adolf Raskin .
At the end of April 1945, most of the residents flee from the approaching eastern front. After the First World War, the town suffered 11 war deaths, compared to 26 after the Second World War.
The land reform and reallocation of former manorial property in 1945 and 1946 was followed by the establishment of the first agricultural production cooperative (LPG) in the Kamenz district on August 4, 1952 .
In 1955, the construction of the local water supply network began over several years.
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1834 | 263 |
| 1871 | 263 |
| 1890 | 303 |
| 1925 | 366 |
| December 01, 1945 | 391 |
| 1955 | 533 |
| 1956 | 517 |
Incorporations
The municipality Brauna consisted of five parts of the municipality. On May 7, 1839, the small village of Rohrbach was incorporated, which, due to its destruction in the Thirty Years' War, only had about 40 inhabitants at the time of incorporation.
Petershain was incorporated on May 1, 1956, Liebenau followed on January 1, 1968 and finally Schwosdorf on January 1, 1972.
In the course of the Saxon municipal reform, the municipalities of Biehla, Brauna, Cunnersdorf , Hausdorf and Schönbach merged on March 1, 1994 to form the new municipality of Schönteichen. The community of Schönteichen was dissolved on January 1, 2019 and Brauna became part of Kamenz.
Sights and infrastructure
Brauna Castle was built between 1685 and 1706. It has a park and an old counts cemetery with graves of the former servants of the castle.
The Schönteichen elementary school is located in Brauna.
An ultra-light airfield is located about 1.5 kilometers east of the village in the direction of Kamenz.
Personalities
- Alfred zu Stolberg-Stolberg (1835–1880), member of the Reichstag and Landtag (center)
- Hermann Weise (* 1873), West Lusatian folk poet
- Else Peerenboom-Missong (1893–1958), economist and politician
literature
- Lars-Arne Dannenberg : Brauna. In the Braunaer Ländchen, in: Lars-Arne Danneberg, Matthias Donath: Castles in western and central Upper Lusatia. (= Schlösser in der Oberlausitz , Volume 1) Elbland, Meißen, July 2008, pp. 26–27.
- Cornelius Gurlitt : Brauna. In: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 35. Issue: Amtshauptmannschaft Kamenz (Land) . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1912, p. 8.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ernst Tschernik: The development of the Sorbian population . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1954.
Web links
- The district on the community side
- Brauna in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
Bernbruch | Biehla | Brauna | Cunnersdorf | Deutschbaselitz (Němske Pazlicy) | Gelenau | House village | Hennersdorf | Jesau (Jěžow) | Liebenau | Lückersdorf (Lěpkarjecy) | Petershain | Rohrbach | Schiedel (Křidoł) | Schönbach | Schwosdorf | Thonberg (Hlinowc) | Wiesa (Brěznja) | Zschornau (Čornow)