Pandanus conoideus
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Pandanus conoideus , Papua New Guinea |
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| Lam. |
Pandanus conoideus is a species of plant inthe screw tree family (Pandanaceae). It isnativeto Papua New Guinea and some surrounding islands.
description
Pandanus conoideus is a tree that can reach heights of 3 to 10 meters. It forms clearly defined air roots , the trunk is branched.
The leaves are arranged in a triple spiral in a rosette, they are elongated, lanceolate, prickly on the edge and around 180 centimeters long and 3 to 5 centimeters wide. The side facing the trunk is dark green and hairless, the side facing away from the trunk is pale green, the visible central rib is covered with tiny spines.
The plants are diocesan , so the many small flowers are unisexual and without a flower cover.
The terminal infructescence, the piston , stands on a 38 to 44 centimeter long and about 5 to 6 centimeter in diameter inflorescence stalk . The light yellow to scarlet, of numerous, about 1-1.5 centimeters long stone fruits composite fruit Association (also sometimes referred to as Cephalium hereinafter) is cylindrical or extended ellipsoid and triangular in cross-section, 42 to 70, often up to 110 cm high and has a Diameter from 10 to 30 centimeters. It is lightly covered with durable bracts , the inflorescence stalks are whitish. The drupes are triangular, the pericarp yellow or red and fatty.
Distribution and occurrence
All known occurrences are traced back to human influence, no wild specimens are known. Pandanus conoideus is native to the Moluccas , the Bismarck Archipelago , the Solomon Islands , Micronesia as well as Papua New Guinea and its neighboring islands and rises from sea level to 2,000 meters.
Taxonomy
The first publication of Pandanus conoideus was in 1785 by Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck . Homonym for Pandanus conoideus Lam. is Pandanus conoideus Thouars . Further synonyms are P. erythros and P. plicatus .
use
The leaves are used to make mats, and the oil extracted from the fruits is used locally as food (for sauces) and in folk medicine.
As red fruit oil, the oil is also sold outside of the distribution area. However, its medicinal effect is not only unproven, but is also potentially harmful, e.g. B. for pregnant women.
ingredients
The fruit of Pandanus conoideus contains 19.9% ( Soxhlet extraction method) or 19.4% (NMR method) red fat by dry weight . The most important fatty acids are oleic acid (69% of total fatty acids), palmitic acid (19.2%) and linoleic acid (7.8%). In addition, there are smaller amounts of myristic, palmitoleic, stearic, linolenic, arachic and eicosenoic acids.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f A. P. Keim: Pandanaceae of the island of Yapen, Papua (West New Guinea), Indonesia, with their nomenclature and notes on the rediscovery of Sararanga sinuosa, and several new species and records. In: Blumea. 54, 2009, pp. 255-266.
- ↑ Fajar Ria Dwi Natalia Sianipar, Santosa: Morphological and Anatomical Structure of Red Fruit (Pandanus Conoideus Lam.) In: KnE Social Sciences , International Conference on Social Science and Biodiversity of Papua and Papua New Guinea (ICSBP 2015), 2016, p. 37-43, doi : 10.18502 / kss.v1i1.432 .
- ↑ / First publication scanned at biodiversitylibrary.org
- ↑ Pandanus conoideus in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
- ↑ Pandanus conoideus at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ L. Muna, OP Astrin, Sugiyarto: Teratogenic test of Pandanus conoideus var. Yellow fruit extract to development of rat embryo (Rattus norvegicus). In: Nusantara Bioscience. 2, 2010, pp. 126-134.
- ↑ K. Southwell, R. Harris: Chemical characteristics of Pandanus conoideus fruit lipid. In: J. Sci. Food Agric. 58, 1992, pp. 593-594.
