Fruit bandage
Fruit association is a term from botany . In this fruit shape , which in some gymnosperms and angiosperms occurs, take all of an inflorescence emanating seed heads at maturity the appearance of a single fruit , which is then usually distributed as a whole.
A fruit cluster develops from several flowers, each with its own carpels. Other floral organs, such as the inflorescence or the inflorescence axis , can be included (anthocarp) (false fruit ).
A fruit dressing may as achenes fruit union (z. B. figs , mulberries , Jack fruit , milk Orange ), as nut fruit Association , berry fruit Association (z. B. pineapple , Delicious window leaf ) or stone fruit Association be formed.
A further distinction can be made between a sorosis (coenocarpium) as in jackfruit or pineapple, or a sykonium as in figs and an achenoconum (strobilus) as in hops . In a sorosis, the fruit association develops from inflorescences such as cobs , ears , heads or catkins with a fleshy axis (rachis) and the fleshy perianth of the flowers, in a syconium from a fleshy, hollow flower base , in the strobilus the association consists of several decks - and before leaves which enclose achenes in a cone shape.
However, other forms of fruit associations are also possible, such as in a "flower cake" (Coenanthium), the plate-shaped inflorescences of Dorstenia and Lecanthus species, a non-closed variety of Sykonium (Hypanthodium) and many others.
In a few species such as the honeysuckle partially ovary two adjacent flowers grown in whole or in part, therefrom to form a composite fruit (double berry, Bibacca) and no fruit dressing.
Real fig - achene fruit association
Pineapple - berry fruit bandage
White mulberry - achene fruit bandage
Double berry from Lonicera xylosteum
literature
- Reinhard Lieberei, Christoph Reisdorff: Crop science. Founded by Wolfgang Franke . 7th completely revised and expanded edition, Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart et al. 2007, ISBN 978-3-13-530407-6 , pp. 39–45.
Individual evidence
- ^ Keith Roberts: Handbook of Plant Science. Vol. 1, Wiley, 2007, ISBN 978-0-470-05723-0 , p. 25.
- ↑ Wolfgang Stuppy: Glossary of Seed and Fruit Morphological Terms - Kew Gardens. 2004, online ( memento of the original from October 17, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF), search: "Compound Fruit".
