Parabrotulidae

Parabrotulidae
	Parabrotula plagiophthalmus , drawing by Erich Zugmayer
Systematics
	Acanthomorphata
	Spinefish (Acanthopterygii)
	Perch relatives (Percomorphaceae)
Order :	Viscera (Ophidiiformes)
Subordination :	Bythitoidei
Family :	Parabrotulidae
Scientific name
	Parabrotulidae
	Nielsen , 1973

The parabrotulidae are only three kinds comprehensive family of genuine bony fish (Teleostei). They occur disjointly in different parts of the Atlantic , Pacific and Indian Oceans .

features

Their scaleless, maximally six centimeters long body is elongated like an eel. The dorsal , anal and caudal fins have grown together to form a continuous fin edge. The dorsal fin has 37 to 50 fin rays , the caudal fin four to six and the anal fin 34 to 43. The pectoral fins are small, with six to eight fin rays. Ventral fins are missing. The mouth is small, the lower jaw protrudes. You have two nostrils on either side of your head, but no sensory pores on your head. The ovaries are bilobed. The fish are a maximum of six centimeters long.

Systematics

The systematic position of the Parabrotulidae was disputed for a long time. They were either considered to be relatives of the Aphyonidae in the order of the intestinal fish-like (Nelson, 2006) or were placed in the vicinity of the eel-nuts (Zoarcidae). A molecular genetic study published in February 2017 has since shown that they clearly belong to the intestinal fish-like species. They form a monophyletic clade within the viviparous Brotulas family (Bythitidae), so they can no longer claim family status in the future.

Genera and species

Leucobrotula
- Leucobrotula adipata Koefoed, 1952
Parabrotula
- Parabrotula plagiophthalmus Zugmayer, 1911
- Parabrotula tanseimaru Miya & Nielsen, 1991

literature

Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World . John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7 .

Individual evidence

↑ Matthew A. Campbella, Jørgen G. Nielsen, Tetsuya Sado, Chuya Shinzato, Miyuki Kanda, Takashi P. Satoh, Masaki Miya: Evolutionary affinities of the unfathomable Parabrotulidae: Molecular data indicate placement of Parabrotula within the family Bythitidae, Ophidiiformes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, February 2017, doi: 10.1016 / j.ympev.2017.02.004

Web links

Commons : Parabrotulidae - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Parabrotulidae on Fishbase.org (English)

[1] Matthew A. Campbella, Jørgen G. Nielsen, Tetsuya Sado, Chuya Shinzato, Miyuki Kanda, Takashi P. Satoh, Masaki Miya: Evolutionary affinities of the unfathomable Parabrotulidae: Molecular data indicate placement of Parabrotula within the family Bythitidae, Ophidiiformes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, February 2017, doi: 10.1016 / j.ympev.2017.02.004