Partido Civil

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The Partido Civil (also: Partido Civilista ) was a Peruvian party in the second half of the 19th and first half of the 20th century.

history

Originally the Partido Civil was founded as a counter-movement to the growing power of the Peruvian military and pursued the only goal of establishing a civil government in the country. However, in the early years of its existence, the party also formed alliances with the military. In its first year, its founder Manuel Pardo was elected Peruvian President on August 2, 1872.

By the 1870s, economic growth and some political stabilization had set the stage for the creation of the country's first political party. It was also a time of dawn for the international trade, business and financial relationships from which Peru benefited. As a member of the educated elite, Pardo was seen by many Peruvians as a suitable candidate to lead the country into the new era.

The Partido Civilista initially consisted primarily of newly rich traders, plantation owners and business people, especially those profiting from the guano boom. The party members believed the military was corrupt and unable to continue ruling Peru.

After the Saltpeter War and a successful revolution that ousted the military from power a second time, the party played a leading role in the country's reconstruction. It revitalized its anti-military and export-oriented program, thereby securing its support. Most of the party members belonged to the economic and social upper class in Lima .

Between 1899 and 1920, most of the Peruvian presidents were Civilista party members and the Partido Civil was the dominant political movement. This period of time is known as the era of the Aristocratic Republic . The right to vote was tied to strict ownership and educational requirements, and electoral manipulation in favor of the Partido Civil was the order of the day.

Under the leadership of President Augusto B. Leguía y Salcedo in his second term from 1919 to 1930, the party was driven into political insignificance.

Peruvian President of the Partido Civil

Peruvian presidents whose political career began in the Partido Civil

literature

  • Ulrich Mücke : The Partido Civil in Peru 1871–1879. On the history of political parties and representation in Latin America. Steiner, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-515-07240-3 .