Paul Tholey

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Paul Tholey (approx. 1995)

Paul Tholey (born March 14, 1937 in St. Wendel ; † December 7, 1998 in Gronau near Bad Vilbel) was a German psychologist, dream researcher and sports scientist.

Life

After graduating from high school in 1955, Tholey studied mathematics, physics and sports science at the universities of Munich and Frankfurt am Main for higher education and, since 1958, psychology. His most important academic teachers were representatives of Gestalt theory : Kurt Kohl in sports science and Edwin Rausch in psychology . After the sports teacher exam and the diploma in psychology Tholey worked as a scientific assistant at the Psychological Institute of the Univ. Frankfurt active. Here he started with Rausch in 1973 with the award-winning dissertation on individual and group performance under restricted communication conditions(printed 1973) to Dr. phil. PhD.

Since 1974 Tholey taught as a lecturer, later as a professor of psychology at the University of Frankfurt in the subjects of general psychology , statistics and methodology, and at times also as a guest lecturer in sports science at the TH Darmstadt . In 1982 he accepted a professorship for sports science at the Technical University of Braunschweig . At the same time he continued to teach various psychological subjects at the University of Frankfurt. Since 1988 he has been working exclusively in Frankfurt again, focusing on the lucid dream research he conducts and its possible applications.

Tholey researched and published in various areas of psychology (including methodology, perception, thought, social and dream psychology, psychotherapy), sports science (basics, methodology and didactics of sensorimotor activities) and philosophy (epistemology and science theory, inference statistics). His works have been translated into five languages. He gained international reputation and influence in particular as a pioneer of lucid dream research. In this area he conducted research with Stephen LaBerge, among others, and published numerous articles on this subject. By his own admission he coined in 1977 the term lucid dream in line with the English expression lucid dream of Frederik van Eeden . His popular science book on this subject (written with Kaleb Utecht) is entitled Creative Dreams . As a student, Tholey developed the "reflection technique" to bring about lucid dreams in 1959. His orientation towards shape theory enabled him new approaches to research and understanding of the phenomena of lucid dream and other altered states of consciousness.

The scientific basis of the work of Paul Tholey in the field of lucid dream research, sports psychology and consciousness research was Gestalt theory or Gestalt psychology and the philosophical direction of critical realism . Tholey was a board member of the Society for Gestalt Theory and Its Applications and was co-editor of the international multidisciplinary journal Gestalt Theory . The 1989 founded his own magazine conscious Its that should be devoted to the Klartraum- and consciousness research, published only a single book.

In the field of sports psychology, he was significantly influenced by Kurt Kohl, whose gestalt theory of sensorimotor functions and sports he continued and deepened. Paul Tholey systematically used lucid dreams to learn complex movement sequences. This enabled him to “train” physically demanding sports such as skateboarding , artificial cycling and snowboarding in dreams and thus prepare for the waking state in anticipation or to perfect what he had learned through dream repetitions. Tholey also taught this technique to top athletes.

Daniel Erlacher (Germany) and Brigitte Holzinger (Austria) should be mentioned among Tholey's students who are continuing their lucid dream research .

Paul Tholey lived in St. Wendel and Gronau near Bad Vilbel.

Works (selection)

For lucid dream research

  • 1980: lucid dreams as the subject of empirical research. In: Gestalt Theory. 2, pp. 175-191.
  • 1981: Empirical research on lucid dreams. In: Gestalt Theory. 3, pp. 21-62.
  • 1985: Do dream figures have a consciousness? An experimental-phenomenological lucid dream study. In: Gestalt Theory. 7, pp. 29-46.
  • 1989: The unfolding of consciousness as a way to creative freedom - from dreamer to warrior. In: Being aware. 1 (1), pp. 25-56.
  • 1989: Overview of the development of lucid dream research in Germany. (Lecture at the VI. International Conference of the Association for the Study of Dreams in London 1989). Lucidity Letter. 8 (2), pp. 1-30.
  • 1990: The lucid dream as a way to creative freedom. In: A. Resch (Ed.), Altered states of consciousness. Dreams, trance, ecstasy. Pp. 199-242. Resch Verlag, Innsbruck, ISBN 3-85382-044-1 .
  • 1990: lucid dreams in the service of psychological healing and personality development. In: TW Neurology Psychiatry. 7 (8), pp. 558-570.
  • 1990: Interview with Stephen LaBerge (directed and edited by Brigitte Holzinger ). Lucidity Letter. 9 (1), pp. 102-115.
  • 1987: with K. Utecht: Schöpferisch Träume. The lucid dream as a way of life. Falkenverlag, Niedernhausen, ISBN 3-88074-275-8 .
  • 1993: Variants of gaze in the waking and dream state. In: A. Lischka (Ed.): The unleashed look. Pp. 150-197. Benteli, Bern, ISBN 3-7165-0862-4 .
  • 1998: Discussion about induction methods, theoretical principles and psychotherapeutic applications of lucid dreaming (a conversation with B. Holzinger and Stephen LaBerge). Gestalt theory. 20, pp. 143-172.

On gestalt theory, phenomenology, research methodology

  • 1980: Critique of statistical hypothesis tests. In: Frankfurt Psychological Works. 16. Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt
  • 1980: Gestalt Psychology. In: R. Asanger, G. Wenninger (Hrsg.): Concise dictionary of psychology. Pp. 178-184. Beltz, Weinheim / Basel.
  • 1983: Significance test and Bayesian hypothesis test , In: Archive for Psychology. 134, pp. 319-342.
  • 1986: therefore phenomenology! Notes on the experimental-phenomenological method. In: Gestalt Theory. 8, pp. 144-163.
  • 1992: (Gibson criticism :) The ecological approach to environmental perception - a contribution to semantic environmental pollution. Part I. Gestalt Theory. 14, pp. 115-142; Part II. Gestalt Theory. 14, pp. 196-218.

For sensorimotor skills and sports psychology

  • 1980: Epistemological and system-theoretical basics of sensorimotor functions from a gestalt theoretical perspective. In: Sports Science. 10, pp. 7-35.
  • 1984: Sensorimotor learning as an organization of the overall psychological field. In: E. Hahn, H. Rieder (Hrsg.): Sensumotor learning and sports game research (Festschrift for the 65th birthday of Prof. Dr. Kohl). Pp. 11-26. bps-Verlag, Cologne.

For psychotherapy

  • 1984: Gestalt therapy made-in-USA and made-elsewhere. In: Gestalt Theory. 3, pp. 171-174.
  • 1996: On the importance of the we- and ego-being in gestalt theory psychotherapy (I). In: ÖAGP information. 5 (2), pp. I-VIII; (II). ÖAGP information. 5 (3), pp. I-VI. 2002 Reprinted in: G. Stemberger, (Ed.): Psychological disorders in the I-world relationship. Krammer, Vienna, ISBN 3-901811-09-5 .

literature

Web links

swell

  1. ^ Life and work of Tholey in the short biography of Stemberger in the Tholey selection volume as well as in the biographical section in D. Erlacher: Motor learning in the lucid dream: Phenomenological and experimental considerations. (PDF) 2005, pp. 147–149.
  2. ↑ P. Tholey: lucid dreams as the subject of empirical studies. In: Gestalt Theory. 2, pp. 175-191.
  3. ↑ Franz Mechsner: Stories from the night. In: Geo (2), 1994, pp. 12-30.
personal data
SURNAME Tholey, Paul
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German psychologist
DATE OF BIRTH March 14, 1937
PLACE OF BIRTH St. Wendel
DATE OF DEATH December 7, 1998
Place of death St. Wendel