Armored gurnards

Armored gurnards
Peristedion gracile
Systematics
Acanthomorphata Spinefish (Acanthopterygii) Perch relatives (Percomorphaceae) Order : Perch-like (Perciformes) Family : Gurnards (Triglidae) Subfamily : Armored gurnards
Scientific name
Peristediinae
Jordan & Gilbert , 1882

The armored gurnards (Peristediinae) live with about 45 species in six genera in warm temperate and tropical regions in the Atlantic , the Mediterranean and the Indo-Pacific in deep water.

features

Armored gurnards have an unscaled body, armored with strong bone shields in four longitudinal rows. The head is large with two fork-shaped protrusions directed forward. The toothless mouth is below, with short barbels on the lips and two long, fringed chin barbels . The pectoral fins consist only of two free rays with which they can run on the ground like the related gurnards (Triglidae). They don't have poison glands.

The animals are seven to 70 centimeters long.

Systematics

Gargariscus prionocephalus

Peristedion brevirostre

Head and anterior body of peristedion greyae from above

Peristedion liorhynchus

Peristedion longispatha

Peristedion miniatum

Satyrichthys rieffeli

Scalicus amiscus

Scalicus serrulatus

There are about 45 species in six genera:

• Gargariscus
  • Gargariscus prionocephalus ( Duméril , 1869)
• Heminodus
  • Heminodus japonicus Kamohara, 1952
• Paraheminodus
  • Paraheminodus kamoharai Kawai, Imamura & Nakaya, 2004
  • Paraheminodus laticephalus Kamohara, 1952
  • Paraheminodus longirostralis Kawai, Nakaya & Séret, 2008
  • Paraheminodus murrayi ( Günther , 1880)
• Peristedion
  • Peristedion altipinne Regan , 1903
  • Peristedion amblygenys Fowler , 1938
  • Peristedion antillarum Teague, 1961
  • Peristedion barbiger Garman , 1899
  • Peristedion brevirostre (Günther, 1860)
  • Peristedion cataphractum ( Linnaeus , 1758)
  • Peristedion crustosum Garman, 1899
  • Peristedion ecuadorense Teague, 1961
  • Peristedion gracile Goode & Bean, 1896
  • Peristedion greyae Miller, 1967
  • Peristedion imberbe Poey , 1861
  • Peristedion liorhynchus (Günther, 1872)
  • Peristedion longicornutum Fricke et al., 2017
  • Peristedion longispatha Goode & Bean, 1886
  • Peristedion miniatum Goode , 1880
  • Peristedion nesium Bussing, 2010
  • Peristedion orientale Temminck & Schlegel, 1843
  • Peristedion paucibarbiger Castro-Aguirre & García-Domínguez, 1984
  • Peristedion richardsi Kawai, 2016
  • Peristedion riversandersoni Alcock , 1894
  • Peristedion thompsoni Fowler , 1952
  • Peristedion truncatum (Günther, 1880)
  • Peristedion unicuspis Miller, 1967
  • Peristedion weberi Smith, 1934
• Satyrichthys
  • Satyrichthys clavilapis Fowler, 1938 .
  • Satyrichthys laticeps Schlegel, 1852
  • Satyrichthys longiceps Fowler, 1943
  • Satyrichthys milleri Kawai, 2013
  • Satyrichthys moluccensis Bleeker, 1850
  • Satyrichthys rieffeli Kaup, 1859
  • Satyrichthys welchi Herrre , 1925
• Scalicus
  • Scalicus amiscus (Jordan & Starks, 1904)
  • Scalicus engyceros (Günther, 1872)
  • Scalicus gilberti (Jordan, 1921)
  • Scalicus hians (Gilbert & Cramer, 1897)
  • Scalicus investigatoris (Alcock, 1898)
  • Scalicus orientalis (Fowler, 1938)
  • Scalicus paucibarbatus Kawai, 2019
  • Scalicus quadratorostratus (Fourmanoir & Rivaton, 1979)
  • Scalicus serrulatus (Alcock, 1898)

The armored gurnards were until recently an independent family, closely related to the gurnard (Triglidae). According to molecular genetic data, however, they are the sister group of a clade from the gurnard subfamilies Pterygotriglinae and Triglinae, while the gurnard subfamily Prionotinae are the sister group of a clade made up of armored gurnards, Pterygotriglinae and Triglinae. The armored gurnards were therefore assigned as the fourth subfamily to the gurnard (Triglidae) in February 2018.

literature

• Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World , John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Armored Gurnards on Fishbase.org (English)
2. ↑ David S. Portnoy, Stuart C. Willis, Elizabeth Hunt, Dominic G. Swift, John R. Gold, Kevin W. Conway: Molecular phylogenetics of New World searobins (Triglidae; Prionotinae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, February 2017, doi: 10.1016 / j.ympev.2016.11.017
3. ↑ Smith, WL, Everman, E. & Richardson, C. (2018): Phylogeny and Taxonomy of Flatheads, Scorpionfishes, Sea Robins, and Stonefishes (Percomorpha: Scorpaeniformes) and the Evolution of the Lachrymal Saber. Copeia 106 (1): 94-119. 2018 doi: 10.1643 / CG-17-669

Web links

Commons : Peristediidae  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Armored Gurnards on Fishbase.org (English)